删除字符串直到第一次出现右括号

Posted 2023-03-15

【中文标题】删除字符串直到第一次出现右括号

【英文标题】：Deleting a string upto first occurrence of right bracket

【发布时间】：2021-06-07 13:57:53

【问题描述】：

我有一个看起来像这样的文件：

[----------] 7 tests from RouteGenSetup
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 6.1 -> 7.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[       OK ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.BlockLinksTest
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [error] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.938] [error] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR

我想去掉日期和时间戳（例如，[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937]）。为此，我尝试使用以下sed 命令：

sed -i '/^\[2021-/s/^.*\]\ //1' output.txt

但是，时间戳右侧的 [info] 或 [error] 括号也会被删除：

[----------] 7 tests from RouteGenSetup
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest
TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 6.1 -> 7.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[       OK ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.BlockLinksTest
TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR

当我尝试时

sed -i '/^\[2021/s/[^\]]*//' output.txt

第一个左括号删除而不是第一个右括号：

[----------] 7 tests from RouteGenSetup
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest
2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 6.1 -> 7.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[       OK ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.BlockLinksTest
2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [error] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
2021-03-08 22:55:53.938] [error] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR

正在尝试

sed -i '/^\[2021/s/^[^\]]*\]//' output.txt

不会产生任何变化。我不知道如何解决这个问题。我尝试了许多类似帖子中推荐的东西，但都没有成功。

注意：这不是sed - regex square brackets detection in Linux 的重复，因为这里的问题是不同的：仅匹配字符串开头和第一个] 之间的子字符串+ 空格如果行开始带有一定的前缀。

sed replace a word at a line which begins with a specific pattern using 没有解释如何获取以特殊字符开头的行，然后匹配从开始到第一个 ] + 空格的字符串。

【参考方案1】：

你可以使用

sed -i '/^\[2021-/s/^[^]]*] //' file

这里，

/^\[2021-/ - 查找以 [2021- 开头的行 s/^[^]]*] // - 匹配除 ] 以外的任何零个或多个字符，从字符串的开头到第一个 ]，然后是空格并删除这些匹配项（因为 RHS 为空）。

注意[^]] 是一个否定括号表达式，它匹配除] 之外的任何字符。由于括号表达式不支持正则表达式转义序列，] 必须是括号表达式中的第一个字符，您不能在括号表达式中的任何位置使用\]。

见an online demo:

s='[----------] 7 tests from RouteGenSetup
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 6.1 -> 7.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[       OK ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.BlockLinksTest
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.937] [error] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[2021-03-08 22:55:53.938] [error] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR'
sed '/^\[2021-/s/^[^]]*] //' <<< "$s"

输出：

[----------] 7 tests from RouteGenSetup
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest
[info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[info] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 6.1 -> 7.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[       OK ] RouteGenSetup.AcceptTATTest (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] RouteGenSetup.BlockLinksTest
[error] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 2.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR
[error] TimeSlotAssignmentTable::LogTATRow(Add): 1.1 -> 5.1, rounds: LLLLLL, pattern: TR