如何在 PyQt5 中制作嵌套的 StackedLayouts？
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【中文标题】如何在 PyQt5 中制作嵌套的 StackedLayouts？【英文标题】：How to make nested StackedLayouts in PyQt5? 【发布时间】：2019-04-29 21:14:14 【问题描述】：我正在用 Python 为一个大学项目创建一个 PyQt5 应用程序，该项目使用 QStackedLayout 使其成为单窗口应用程序，但是，我不知道如何将 Stacked Widget 嵌套在 Stacked Widget 中。
运行代码时（因问题而降级），您可以看到带有QPushButton 的主菜单。单击它时，窗口会更改为QListWidget。
我想要实现的是QListWidget右侧的Stacked Widget，它会随着所选列表项的不同而变化。
编辑：有没有一种方法可以打开另一个窗口所在的位置？现在每当我点击一个按钮时，窗口就会在屏幕中间弹出。
在代码中，您可以看到我正在尝试实现的部分，它们后面带有注释字符。
代码：
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow,
QLabel, QPushButton, QWidget,
QStackedLayout, QListWidget)
from PyQt5.QtCore import QRect, Qt
class Ui(QWidget):
def setupUi(self, Main):
Main.setObjectName("Main")
Main.setFixedSize(900, 500)
self.width = 900
self.height = 500
self.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)
'''MENU ON THE MAIN WINDOW'''
self.menu = QStackedLayout()
self. mainMenu = QWidget()
self.howToMenu = QWidget()
self. mainMenuUi()
self.howToMenuUi()
self.menu.addWidget(self. mainMenu)
self.menu.addWidget(self.howToMenu)
'''MENU ON THE HOWTO WINDOW'''
#self.howToMenuMenu = QStackedLayout()
#self.howToOverView = QWidget()
#self.howToLevel = QWidget()
#self.howToTapeMeasure = QWidget()
#self.howToTheodolite = QWidget()
#self. overViewUi()
#self. levelUi()
#self.tapeMeasureUi()
#self. theodoliteUi()
#self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToOverView )
#self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToLevel )
#self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToTapeMeasure)
#self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToTheodolite )
def mainMenuUi(self):
self.mainMenu.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)
self.mainMenuText = QLabel(self.mainMenu)
self.mainMenuText.setGeometry(QRect(30, 120, 480, 200))
self.mainMenuText.setStyleSheet("font: 14pt Century Gothic")
self.mainMenuText.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeading|Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignTop)
self.mainMenuText.setText("Welcome to the Surveying Traverse Calculator!")
self.howToButton = QPushButton("HOW TO DO A TRAVERSE", self.mainMenu)
self.howToButton.setGeometry(140, 180, 200, 30)
def howToMenuUi(self):
self.howToMenu.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)
self.menuButton1 = QPushButton("Back to main menu", self.howToMenu)
self.menuButton1.setGeometry(QRect(10, 10, 200, 30))
self.howToTitle = QLabel(self.howToMenu)
self.howToTitle.setGeometry(QRect(10, 50, self.width, 40))
self.howToTitle.setStyleSheet("font: 14pt Century Gothic")
self.howToTitle.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeading|Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.howToTitle.setText("How to Do a Traverse")
self.howToSteps = QListWidget(self.howToMenu)
self.howToSteps.setGeometry(QRect(10, 100, 200, 80))
self.howToSteps.insertItem(0, "OVERVIEW" )
self.howToSteps.insertItem(1, "LEVEL" )
self.howToSteps.insertItem(2, "TAPE MEASURE")
self.howToSteps.insertItem(3, "THEODOLITE" )
#def overViewUi(self):
#def levelUi(self):
#def tapeMeasureUi(self):
#def theodoliteUi(self)
class Main(QMainWindow, Ui):
def __init__(self):
super(Main, self).__init__()
self.setupUi(self)
self.menuButton1.clicked.connect(self. menuWindow)
self.howToButton.clicked.connect(self.howToWindow)
def menuWindow(self):
self.menu.setCurrentIndex(0)
def howToWindow(self):
self.menu.setCurrentIndex(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
M = Main()
sys.exit(app.exec())
我该如何解决这个问题？
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：
您可以在QListWidget 的右侧添加QStackedWidget，并使用currentRowChanged 信号控制所选列表对象。我建议您使用QHBoxLayout、QVBoxLayout 或QGridLayout 进行布局管理。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow,
QLabel, QPushButton, QWidget,
QStackedLayout, QListWidget,
QVBoxLayout, QStackedWidget,
QGridLayout)
from PyQt5.QtCore import QRect, Qt
class Ui(QWidget):
def setupUi(self, Main):
Main.setObjectName("Main")
Main.setFixedSize(900, 500)
self.width = 900
self.height = 500
self.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)
'''MENU ON THE MAIN WINDOW'''
self.menu = QStackedLayout()
self.mainMenu = QWidget()
self.howToMenu = QWidget()
self.mainMenuUi()
self.howToMenuUi()
self.menu.addWidget(self.mainMenu)
self.menu.addWidget(self.howToMenu)
'''MENU ON THE HOWTO WINDOW'''
#self.howToMenuMenu = QStackedLayout()
#self.howToOverView = QWidget()
#self.howToLevel = QWidget()
#self.howToTapeMeasure = QWidget()
#self.howToTheodolite = QWidget()
#self. overViewUi()
#self. levelUi()
#self.tapeMeasureUi()
#self. theodoliteUi()
#self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToOverView )
#self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToLevel )
#self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToTapeMeasure)
#self.howToMenuMenu.addWidget(self.howToTheodolite )
def mainMenuUi(self):
self.mainMenu.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)
self.mainMenuText = QLabel(self.mainMenu)
self.mainMenuText.setGeometry(QRect(30, 120, 480, 200))
self.mainMenuText.setStyleSheet("font: 14pt Century Gothic")
self.mainMenuText.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeading|Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignTop)
self.mainMenuText.setText("Welcome to the Surveying Traverse Calculator!")
self.howToButton = QPushButton("HOW TO DO A TRAVERSE", self.mainMenu)
self.howToButton.setGeometry(140, 180, 200, 30)
def howToMenuUi(self):
self.howToMenu_layout = QGridLayout()
self.howToMenu.setFixedSize(self.width, self.height)
self.menuButton1 = QPushButton("Back to main menu")
self.menuButton1.setGeometry(QRect(10, 10, 200, 30))
self.howToTitle = QLabel()
self.howToTitle.setGeometry(QRect(10, 50, self.width, 40))
self.howToTitle.setStyleSheet("font: 14pt Century Gothic")
self.howToTitle.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeading|Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.howToTitle.setText("How to Do a Traverse")
self.howToSteps = QListWidget()
self.howToSteps.setGeometry(QRect(10, 100, 200, 80))
self.howToSteps.insertItem(0, "OVERVIEW" )
self.howToSteps.insertItem(1, "LEVEL" )
self.howToSteps.insertItem(2, "TAPE MEASURE")
self.howToSteps.insertItem(3, "THEODOLITE" )
self.howToSteps.currentRowChanged.connect(self.display_traverse)
self.overview_container = QWidget()
self.level_container = QWidget()
self.tape_measure_container = QWidget()
self.theodolite_container = QWidget()
self.overViewUi()
self.levelUi()
self.tapeMeasureUi()
self.theodoliteUi()
self.traverse_action = QStackedWidget()
self.traverse_action.addWidget(self.overview_container)
self.traverse_action.addWidget(self.level_container)
self.traverse_action.addWidget(self.tape_measure_container)
self.traverse_action.addWidget(self.theodolite_container)
self.traverse_action.setCurrentIndex(0)
self.howToMenu_left_layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.howToMenu_left_layout.addWidget(self.menuButton1)
self.howToMenu_left_layout.addWidget(self.howToTitle)
self.howToMenu_left_layout.addWidget(self.howToSteps)
self.howToMenu_layout.addLayout(self.howToMenu_left_layout,0,0,1,1)
self.howToMenu_layout.addWidget(self.traverse_action,0,1,1,1)
self.howToMenu.setLayout(self.howToMenu_layout)
def overViewUi(self):
self.overview_layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.overview_button = QPushButton('Overview')
self.overview_layout.addWidget(self.overview_button)
self.overview_container.setLayout(self.overview_layout)
def levelUi(self):
self.level_layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.level_button = QPushButton('Level')
self.level_layout.addWidget(self.level_button)
self.level_container.setLayout(self.level_layout)
def tapeMeasureUi(self):
self.tape_measure_layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.tape_measure_button = QPushButton('Tape measure')
self.tape_measure_layout.addWidget(self.tape_measure_button)
self.tape_measure_container.setLayout(self.tape_measure_layout)
def theodoliteUi(self):
self.theodolite_layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.theodolite_button = QPushButton('Theodolite')
self.theodolite_layout.addWidget(self.theodolite_button)
self.theodolite_container.setLayout(self.theodolite_layout)
def display_traverse(self, index):
self.traverse_action.setCurrentIndex(index)
class Main(QMainWindow, Ui):
def __init__(self):
super(Main, self).__init__()
self.setupUi(self)
self.menuButton1.clicked.connect(self.menuWindow)
self.howToButton.clicked.connect(self.howToWindow)
def menuWindow(self):
self.menu.setCurrentIndex(0)
def howToWindow(self):
self.menu.setCurrentIndex(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
M = Main()
sys.exit(app.exec())
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：在下面的示例中，QHBoxLayout 被放置在 centralwidget 中，QListWidget 作为第一个元素，QStackedLayout 作为第二个元素。为了进行更改，我使用来自 QListWidget 的 currentRowChanged 信号
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
central_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)
hlay = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(central_widget)
self.overview_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.fill_overview()
self.level_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.fill_level()
self.tape_measure_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.fill_tape_measure()
self.theodolite_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.fill_theodolite()
self.list_widget = QtWidgets.QListWidget()
self.slay = QtWidgets.QStackedLayout()
hlay.addWidget(self.list_widget)
hlay.addLayout(self.slay)
hlay.setStretch(0, 0)
hlay.setStretch(1, 1)
self.list_widget.currentRowChanged.connect(self.slay.setCurrentIndex)
for w, text in (
(self.overview_widget, "OVERVIEW"),
(self.level_widget, "LEVEL"),
(self.tape_measure_widget, "TAPE MEASURE"),
(self.theodolite_widget, "THEODOLITE"),
):
self.slay.addWidget(w)
self.list_widget.addItem(text)
def fill_overview(self):
hlay = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.overview_widget)
hlay.addWidget(
QtWidgets.QLabel("Overview", alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
)
self.overview_widget.setStyleSheet("background-color:green;")
def fill_level(self):
hlay = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.level_widget)
hlay.addWidget(
QtWidgets.QLabel("Level", alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
)
self.level_widget.setStyleSheet("background-color:blue;")
def fill_tape_measure(self):
hlay = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.tape_measure_widget)
hlay.addWidget(
QtWidgets.QLabel("Tape Measure", alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
)
self.tape_measure_widget.setStyleSheet("background-color:red;")
def fill_theodolite(self):
hlay = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.theodolite_widget)
hlay.addWidget(
QtWidgets.QLabel("Theodolite", alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
)
self.theodolite_widget.setStyleSheet("background-color:gray;")
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MainWindow()
w.resize(640, 240)
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
【讨论】：
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