串口二进制传输改回车
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【中文标题】串口二进制传输改回车【英文标题】:Serial port binary transfer changes carriage return 【发布时间】:2017-07-01 18:55:06 【问题描述】:上周我一直在尝试用 C 语言实现一个原始的串行文件传输协议,但遇到了一个非常奇怪的问题,我似乎无法在线找到解决方案。我设法通过串行端口传输二进制数据并接收它,但在此过程中,所有“0D”字节都转换为“0A”。以下是我的代码。
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h> /* Standard input/output definitions */
#include <string.h> /* String function definitions */
#include <unistd.h> /* UNIX standard function definitions */
#include <fcntl.h> /* File control definitions */
#include <errno.h> /* Error number definitions */
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <termios.h>
//eventually plan to set up a proper communication protocol
#define ACK 0x01
#define NAK 0x00
int setAttribs (int fd, int speed, int parity);
unsigned char* readFile(char* filename, int* file_size);
int main(void)
//set up ports
int fd = 0, r = 0, i = 0;
fd = open("/dev/ttyUSB0", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);//sending port
if(fd<0)
perror("open port ttyUSB0 failed");
return -1;
setAttribs(fd,1500000,0);
int rd =0, file_size=0, bytes=0;
rd = open("/dev/ttyUSB1", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);//receiving port
setAttribs(rd,1500000,0);
//create file to which the binary data will be written
FILE *newFile;
newFile = fopen("t.bin","wb");
if(newFile<0)
printf("open file failed\n");
return -1;
//This character array will hold the file to be transferred
unsigned char* data = '\0';
data = readFile("t.odt", &file_size);
ioctl(rd, TCFLSH, &bytes);//port flush which does not seem to work
do
//write data in 1024 byte chunks
write(fd,data+i,1024);
//wait for write to finish
usleep(8500);
//buffer to hold received bytes
unsigned char buffer[1024];
//ensure buffer is empty
memset(buffer,0,1024);
//read in 1024 byte chunks
read(rd, buffer, 1024);
//printing bytes in the buffer to check for errors
for(r=0;r<1024;r++)
if(r%16==0)
printf("\n");
printf("%02X ", buffer[r]);
//write to file in 1024 byte chunks
fwrite(buffer, 1,1024,newFile);
//increase counter
i+=1024;
while(i<8197);//its an 8088 byte file
printf("Done!\n");
return 0;
unsigned char* readFile(char* filename, int* file_size)
unsigned char *buffer = NULL;
int string_size, i;
FILE *handler = fopen(filename, "rb");
if (handler)
// Seek the last byte of the file
fseek(handler, 0, SEEK_END);
// Offset from the first to the last byte, or in other words, filesize
string_size = ftell(handler);
printf("File length: %d\n",string_size);
*file_size = string_size;
// go back to the start of the file
rewind(handler);
// Allocate a string that can hold it all
buffer = (unsigned char*) malloc(sizeof(unsigned char) * (string_size + 1) );
// Read it all in one operation
for(i=0;i<string_size;i++)
fread(buffer+i, sizeof(unsigned char),1, handler);
if(i%16==0)
printf("\n");
printf("%02X ",*(buffer+i));
// fread doesn't set it so put a \0 in the last position
// and buffer is now officially a string
// buffer[string_size] = '\0';
printf("Finished read\n");
// Always remember to close the file
fclose(handler);
return buffer;
int setAttribs (int fd, int speed, int parity)
struct termios tty;
memset (&tty, 0, sizeof tty);
if (tcgetattr (fd, &tty) != 0)
fputs("error %d from tcgetattr", stderr);
cfsetospeed (&tty, speed);
cfsetispeed (&tty, speed);
tty.c_cflag = (tty.c_cflag & ~CSIZE) | CS8; // 8-bit chars
// disable IGNBRK for mismatched speed tests; otherwise receive break
// as \000 chars
tty.c_iflag &= ~IGNBRK; // disable break processing
tty.c_lflag = 0; // no signaling chars, no echo,
// no canonical processing
tty.c_oflag = 0; // no remapping, no delays
tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 0; // read doesn't block
tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 5; // 0.5 seconds read timeout
tty.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY); // shut off xon/xoff ctrl
tty.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);// ignore modem controls,
// enable reading
tty.c_cflag &= ~(PARENB | PARODD); // shut off parity
tty.c_cflag |= parity;
tty.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
tty.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
if (tcsetattr (fd, TCSANOW, &tty) != 0)
fputs("error %d from tcsetattr", stderr);
return 1;
它所做的只是在一个端口中写入 USB 串行转换器并在另一个端口中读取。我只是用一个 8088 字节(Hello World)的 ODT 文件对其进行测试,并尝试不同的波特率和写入块大小。经过反复试验,我发现这种配置(1500000 bps 和 1024 字节块)既快速又相对更可靠。唯一的错误如下所示。
传输字节数:70 6E 67 89 50 4E 47 0D 0A 1A 0A 00 00 00 0D 49
接收字节数:70 6E 67 89 50 4E 47 0A 0A 1A 0A 00 00 00 0A 49
如您所见,所有“0D”字节都更改为“0A”。我尝试了较低的波特率和较小的块大小,但问题仍然存在。我理解它们分别是回车和换行值,换行在Linux中用作异步通信的控制值;但我不明白为什么这会影响 回车 值。 回车在串口通信中有什么特殊意义吗?在这种情况下有没有办法发送“0D”字节?
TL;DR: 原始串行通信导致“0D”字节被“0A”替换。知道为什么吗?有什么办法解决吗?
【问题讨论】:
你是如何确定这段代码写出的数据的?您是否 100% 确定错误不在另一边? (另外,你忽略了read
和write
的返回值,这使得你很难知道你的代码实际上在做什么。)
我认为您必须使用行模式,并且应该使用 tcsetattr 清除 INLCR。有关更多详细信息,请阅读 man 3 tcsetattr 的手册页
相关:superuser.com/q/714078/111631
【参考方案1】:
非常感谢它的工作!我从来不知道有 ICRNL 选项可以将换行符转换为回车符。一旦我把它和其他人设置为
tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | PARMRK | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | ICRNL | IXON); //tty is the name of the struct termios
它是金色的。
【讨论】:
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