串口二进制传输改回车

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【中文标题】串口二进制传输改回车【英文标题】:Serial port binary transfer changes carriage return 【发布时间】:2017-07-01 18:55:06 【问题描述】:

上周我一直在尝试用 C 语言实现一个原始的串行文件传输协议,但遇到了一个非常奇怪的问题,我似乎无法在线找到解决方案。我设法通过串行端口传输二进制数据并接收它,但在此过程中,所有“0D”字节都转换为“0A”。以下是我的代码。

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>   /* Standard input/output definitions */
#include <string.h>  /* String function definitions */
#include <unistd.h>  /* UNIX standard function definitions */
#include <fcntl.h>   /* File control definitions */
#include <errno.h>   /* Error number definitions */
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <termios.h>

//eventually plan to set up a proper communication protocol
#define ACK 0x01 
#define NAK 0x00

int setAttribs (int fd, int speed, int parity);
unsigned char* readFile(char* filename, int* file_size);

int main(void)

    //set up ports
    int fd = 0, r = 0, i = 0;
    fd = open("/dev/ttyUSB0", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);//sending port
    if(fd<0)
            perror("open port ttyUSB0 failed");
            return -1;
    
    setAttribs(fd,1500000,0);

    int rd =0, file_size=0, bytes=0;
    rd = open("/dev/ttyUSB1", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);//receiving port
    setAttribs(rd,1500000,0);

    //create file to which the binary data will be written
    FILE *newFile;
    newFile = fopen("t.bin","wb");
    if(newFile<0)
            printf("open file failed\n");
            return -1;
    

    //This character array will hold the file to be transferred
    unsigned char* data = '\0';
    data = readFile("t.odt", &file_size);

    ioctl(rd, TCFLSH, &bytes);//port flush which does not seem to work      
    do

            //write data in 1024 byte chunks
            write(fd,data+i,1024);

            //wait for write to finish
            usleep(8500);

            //buffer to hold received bytes
            unsigned char buffer[1024];

            //ensure buffer is empty
            memset(buffer,0,1024);

            //read in 1024 byte chunks
            read(rd, buffer, 1024);

            //printing bytes in the buffer to check for errors
            for(r=0;r<1024;r++)
                    if(r%16==0)
                            printf("\n");
                    printf("%02X ", buffer[r]);
            

            //write to file in 1024 byte chunks
            fwrite(buffer, 1,1024,newFile);

            //increase counter
            i+=1024;

    while(i<8197);//its an 8088 byte file  
    printf("Done!\n");
    return 0;


unsigned char* readFile(char* filename, int* file_size)

    unsigned char *buffer = NULL;
    int string_size, i;
    FILE *handler = fopen(filename, "rb");

    if (handler)
    
            // Seek the last byte of the file
            fseek(handler, 0, SEEK_END);
            // Offset from the first to the last byte, or in other words, filesize
            string_size = ftell(handler);
            printf("File length: %d\n",string_size);
            *file_size = string_size;
            // go back to the start of the file
            rewind(handler);

            // Allocate a string that can hold it all
            buffer = (unsigned char*) malloc(sizeof(unsigned char) * (string_size + 1) );

            // Read it all in one operation
            for(i=0;i<string_size;i++)
                    fread(buffer+i, sizeof(unsigned char),1, handler);
                    if(i%16==0)
                            printf("\n");
                    printf("%02X ",*(buffer+i));
            
            // fread doesn't set it so put a \0 in the last position
            // and buffer is now officially a string
            //      buffer[string_size] = '\0';
            printf("Finished read\n");

            // Always remember to close the file
            fclose(handler);
    
 return buffer;

int setAttribs (int fd, int speed, int parity)

    struct termios tty;
    memset (&tty, 0, sizeof tty);
    if (tcgetattr (fd, &tty) != 0)
    
            fputs("error %d from tcgetattr", stderr);

    
    cfsetospeed (&tty, speed);
    cfsetispeed (&tty, speed);

    tty.c_cflag = (tty.c_cflag & ~CSIZE) | CS8;     // 8-bit chars
    // disable IGNBRK for mismatched speed tests; otherwise receive break
    // as \000 chars
    tty.c_iflag &= ~IGNBRK;         // disable break processing
    tty.c_lflag = 0;                // no signaling chars, no echo,
    // no canonical processing
    tty.c_oflag = 0;                // no remapping, no delays
    tty.c_cc[VMIN]  = 0;            // read doesn't block
    tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 5;            // 0.5 seconds read timeout

    tty.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY); // shut off xon/xoff ctrl

    tty.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);// ignore modem controls,
    // enable reading
    tty.c_cflag &= ~(PARENB | PARODD);      // shut off parity
    tty.c_cflag |= parity;
    tty.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
    tty.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;

    if (tcsetattr (fd, TCSANOW, &tty) != 0)
    
            fputs("error %d from tcsetattr", stderr);

    
    return 1;

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

它所做的只是在一个端口中写入 USB 串行转换器并在另一个端口中读取。我只是用一个 8088 字节(Hello World)的 ODT 文件对其进行测试,并尝试不同的波特率和写入块大小。经过反复试验,我发现这种配置(1500000 bps 和 1024 字节块)既快速又相对更可靠。唯一的错误如下所示。

传输字节数:70 6E 67 89 50 4E 47 0D 0A 1A 0A 00 00 00 0D 49

接收字节数:70 6E 67 89 50 4E 47 0A 0A 1A 0A 00 00 00 0A 49

如您所见,所有“0D”字节都更改为“0A”。我尝试了较低的波特率和较小的块大小,但问题仍然存在。我理解它们分别是回车换行值,换行在Linux中用作异步通信的控制值;但我不明白为什么这会影响 回车 值。 回车在串口通信中有什么特殊意义吗?在这种情况下有没有办法发送“0D”字节?

TL;DR: 原始串行通信导致“0D”字节被“0A”替换。知道为什么吗?有什么办法解决吗?

【问题讨论】:

你是如何确定这段代码写出的数据的?您是否 100% 确定错误不在另一边? (另外,你忽略了readwrite 的返回值,这使得你很难知道你的代码实际上在做什么。) 我认为您必须使用行模式,并且应该使用 tcsetattr 清除 INLCR。有关更多详细信息,请阅读 man 3 tcsetattr 的手册页 相关:superuser.com/q/714078/111631 【参考方案1】:

非常感谢它的工作!我从来不知道有 ICRNL 选项可以将换行符转换为回车符。一旦我把它和其他人设置为

tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | PARMRK | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | ICRNL | IXON); //tty is the name of the struct termios

它是金色的。

【讨论】:

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