spring (data, mvc, security) 依赖项：IncompatibleClassChangeError

Posted 2023-02-27

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【中文标题】spring (data, mvc, security) 依赖项：IncompatibleClassChangeError【英文标题】：spring (data, mvc, security) dependencies : IncompatibleClassChangeError 【发布时间】：2013-09-04 15:25:31 【问题描述】：

我遇到了无法解决的 spring 依赖项问题。我使用最新版本的 spring (web mvc ...)、spring security 和 spring data。

当我用maven编译我的项目时，我已经成功构建，但是当我启动tomcat时，我收到以下错误：

Caused by: java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class org.springframework.core.type.clas-s-reading.ClassMetadataReadingVisitor has interface org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor as super class

这是我的 Maven 依赖项：

    <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

    <spring.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <spring.security.version>3.1.4.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
    <spring.data.jpa.version>1.3.4.RELEASE</spring.data.jpa.version>
    <spring.asm.version>3.1.4.RELEASE</spring.asm.version>

    <hibernate-validator.version>4.3.1.Final</hibernate-validator.version>
    <hibernate.version>4.2.3.Final</hibernate.version>
    <hibernate-jpa-2.0-api.version>1.0.1.Final</hibernate-jpa-2.0-api.version>
    <validation.version>1.0.0.GA</validation.version>

    <postgresql.version>9.0-801.jdbc4</postgresql.version>
    <hsqldb.version>1.8.0.10</hsqldb.version>

    <junit.version>4.10</junit.version>
    <easymock.version>3.1</easymock.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>


    <jackson.version>1.9.12</jackson.version>

    <joda.time.version>2.2</joda.time.version>
    <guava.version>14.0.1</guava.version>

    <antlr.version>2.7.7</antlr.version>
    <cglib.nodep.version>3.0</cglib.nodep.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
    <!-- SPRING -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.version</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.version</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.version</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.version</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!-- SECURITY -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.security.version</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.security.version</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JPA -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
        <version>$hibernate-jpa-2.0-api.version</version>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.data.jpa.version</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <artifactId>junit-dep</artifactId>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JACKSON -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
        <version>$jackson.version</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
        <version>$jackson.version</version>
    </dependency>


    <!-- TESTS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>$junit.version</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.version</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- UTILS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
        <version>$guava.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- DATES -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
        <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
        <version>$joda.time.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- LOGS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>$log4j.version</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

您知道我该如何解决这个问题吗？

提前谢谢你。

编辑： 这是我的 mvn 依赖项：tree

[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:tree (default-cli) @ schoolme ---
[INFO] com.xtapps.schoolme.server:schoolme:war:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- com.xtapps.schoolme.server:business-layer:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] |  \- com.xtapps.schoolme.common:datasource-config:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- com.xtapps.schoolme.server:data-access-layer:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-web:jar:3.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework.security:spring-security-core:jar:3.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-config:jar:3.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.0-api:jar:1.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-jpa:jar:1.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-commons:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-orm:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.aspectj:aspectjrt:jar:1.7.2:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.1:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.1:runtime
[INFO] +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO] |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.1.1.GA:compile
[INFO] |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:0.8.0:compile
[INFO] +- javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:jar:3.0.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:jar:1.9.12:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:jar:1.9.12:compile
[INFO] +- junit:junit:jar:4.10:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:3.2.4.RELEASE:test
[INFO] +- org.mockito:mockito-all:jar:1.9.0:compile
[INFO] +- commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.6:compile
[INFO] +- com.google.guava:guava:jar:14.0.1:compile
[INFO] +- joda-time:joda-time:jar:2.2:compile
[INFO] \- log4j:log4j:jar:1.2.17:compile

这是我的父 pom 项目：

<properties>
    <spring.version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <spring.security.version>3.1.4.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
    <spring.data.jpa.version>1.3.4.RELEASE</spring.data.jpa.version>
</properties>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                    <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.security.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.security.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Data JPA -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.data.jpa.version</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

这是我的 pom 项目

    <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

    <hibernate.version>4.2.3.Final</hibernate.version>
    <hibernate-jpa-2.0-api.version>1.0.1.Final</hibernate-jpa-2.0-api.version>
    <postgresql.version>9.0-801.jdbc4</postgresql.version>
    <hsqldb.version>1.8.0.10</hsqldb.version>
    <junit.version>4.10</junit.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    <schoolme.version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</schoolme.version>
    <jackson.version>1.9.12</jackson.version>
    <joda.time.version>2.2</joda.time.version>
    <guava.version>14.0.1</guava.version>
    <jaxb-api.version>2.1</jaxb-api.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
    <!-- SPRING -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- SECURITY -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JPA - HIBERNATE -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
        <version>$hibernate-jpa-2.0-api.version</version>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.1.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- SERVLET API-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JACKSON -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
        <version>$jackson.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- TESTS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>$junit.version</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- UTILS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
        <version>$guava.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- DATES -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
        <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
        <version>$joda.time.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- LOGS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>$log4j.version</version>
    </dependency>

<!--
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
        <version>1</version>
    </dependency>
-->
</dependencies>

我总是有同样的错误。感谢您的回复。

【问题讨论】：

为什么要使用不同版本的spring JARS..？最小版本的spring是3.2.3.RELEASE，spring security是3.1.4.RELEASE，spring data是1.3.4.RELEASE。我不认为我使用不同版本的弹簧罐...... 你能发布你的 Maven 层次结构.. 吗？你能检查任何不兼容的 JARS 的层次结构吗？我编辑了我的帖子以添加 maven 依赖树和新的 pom.xml 文件。谢谢你确实删除了冲突对..？你能运行代码并检查你是否得到同样的错误..？ 【参考方案1】：

使用<dependencyManagement> 块Documentation 代替所有重复的排除。这会强制使用特定版本的库。

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                    <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.security.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.security.version</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Data JPA -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>$spring.data.jpa.version</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>     
</dependencyManagement>

在你的依赖树中，你有一个旧版本的 spring-orm，将它包含在你的依赖列表中。（虽然添加 <dependencyManagement /> 块也可以解决这个问题，因为它的版本会自动升级到 3.2.3）。

最后找出哪个依赖项正在拉入 spring-asm.jar 并排除它。 Spring 3.2 及更高版本包含了自己的 ASM 版本，不再需要单独的 jar，它现在包含在 spring-core.jar 中。有关 spring 3.2 中更改/更新的更多信息，请查看the reference guide。

<dependencies>
    <!-- SPRING -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- SECURITY -->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JPA -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
        <version>$hibernate-jpa-2.0-api.version</version>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JACKSON -->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
        <version>$jackson.version</version>
    </dependency>


    <!-- TESTS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>$junit.version</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- UTILS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
        <version>$guava.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- DATES -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
        <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
        <version>$joda.time.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- LOGS -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>$log4j.version</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

关于您的其他依赖项，jpa-api 和 validator-api 通过包含 hibernate 自动包含在内。你还需要hibernate-validator 4.3.1.Final（没有4.2.3.Final）。

【讨论】：

感谢您的回复。但这并不能解决我的问题。我的项目中有一个父 pom。我像你说的那样将spring依赖项放在依赖管理中，而在项目pom中没有版本的依赖项。我总是有同样的错误。当我使用 maven（maven 构建、安装等）构建时，我没有它。当我启动tomcat（在intellij上）时出现这个问题。我也在使用 javax.servlet-api、javax.inject 和 mockito-all（用于休息测试）当我在intellij上搜索ClassVisitor类型时，我发现了三个接口。第一个在spring core中，第二个在mockito中（我删除了它但我有同样的错误），最后一个在com.sun.xml.internal.ws.org.objectweb.asm（jdk 1.7，rt.jar )。问题是你正在从某个地方引入一个 spring-asm 依赖项（或一个较旧的 spring jar）。执行mvn dependency:tree 并查看哪些spring 版本即将推出。另一种选择是将maven enforcer plugin 与dependency converge rule 一起使用，这可能会触发构建失败。当我执行“mvn dep:tree”时，只有3.2.3.RELEASE版本的spring jars，我没有asm了。今晚我会按照你的建议去做（收敛，执行者）。谢谢

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