Websocket 的单元测试返回 Null
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】Websocket 的单元测试返回 Null【英文标题】：Unit Test For Websocket Returns Null 【发布时间】：2020-11-02 07:39:30 【问题描述】：我正在尝试使用JUnit 对Springboot 中的Websocket 实施单元测试。
我正在关注this 链接，它运行良好，但结果为空，当我使用浏览器测试我的 websocket 时，它会发送所需的结果。
让我展示我的测试类
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes =Main.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class WebSocketTest
static final String WEBSOCKET_URI = "http://localhost:8080/api/realtimedata";
static final String WEBSOCKET_TOPIC = "/realtimedata";
BlockingQueue<WebSocketData> blockingQueue;
WebSocketStompClient stompClient;
@BeforeEach
public void setup()
blockingQueue = new LinkedBlockingDeque<>();
stompClient = new WebSocketStompClient(new SockJsClient(
asList(new WebSocketTransport(new StandardWebSocketClient()))));
@Test
public void shouldReceiveAMessageFromTheServer() throws Exception
StompSession session = stompClient
.connect(WEBSOCKET_URI, new StompSessionHandlerAdapter() )
.get(1, SECONDS);
session.subscribe(WEBSOCKET_TOPIC, new DefaultStompFrameHandler());
String message = "\"groupId\":\"grp-1\", \"accountId\":\"acc-1\", \"userId\":\"usr-1\"";
session.send(WEBSOCKET_TOPIC, message.getBytes());
Assertions.assertEquals("trying to figureout", blockingQueue.poll(1, SECONDS));
class DefaultStompFrameHandler implements StompFrameHandler
@Override
public Type getPayloadType(StompHeaders stompHeaders)
return WebSocketData.class;
@Override
public void handleFrame(StompHeaders stompHeaders, Object o)
blockingQueue.offer((WebSocketData) o);
这是我的WebSocketConfiguration 课程
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfiguration implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer
@Override
public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry)
registry.enableSimpleBroker("/realtimedata");
registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/wsconn");
@Override
public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry)
registry.addEndpoint("/realtimedata")
.setAllowedOrigins("*")
.withSockJS();
这是我从服务器得到的响应
org.opentest4j.AssertionFailedError:
Expected :trying to figureout
Actual :null
更新：
在下面的答案中添加Rieckpil 推荐的更改并经过进一步研究后，我的测试类现在看起来像这样
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class ServerWebSocketTest
@LocalServerPort
private Integer port;
static final String WEBSOCKET_TOPIC = "/realtimedata";
BlockingQueue<WebSocketData> blockingQueue;
WebSocketStompClient stompClient;
@BeforeEach
public void setup()
blockingQueue = new LinkedBlockingDeque<>();
stompClient = new WebSocketStompClient(new SockJsClient(
asList(new WebSocketTransport(new StandardWebSocketClient()))));
// might be required
stompClient.setMessageConverter(new MappingJackson2MessageConverter());
@Test
public void shouldReceiveAMessageFromTheServer() throws Exception
StompSession session = stompClient
.connect(getWsPath(), **new DefaultStompFrameHandler()**
)
.get(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
session.subscribe(WEBSOCKET_TOPIC, new DefaultStompFrameHandler());
String message = "\"groupId\":\"grp-1\", \"accountId\":\"acc-1\", \"userId\":\"usr-1\"";
session.send(WEBSOCKET_TOPIC, message.getBytes());
Assertions.assertEquals("trying to figureout", blockingQueue.poll(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
class DefaultStompFrameHandler **extends StompSessionHandlerAdapter**
@Override
public Type getPayloadType(StompHeaders stompHeaders)
return WebSocketData.class;
@Override
public void handleFrame(StompHeaders stompHeaders, Object o)
blockingQueue.offer((WebSocketData) o);
**@Override
public void handleException(StompSession session, StompCommand command, StompHeaders headers, byte[] payload, Throwable exception)
exception.printStackTrace();
**
private String getWsPath()
return String.format("ws://localhost:%d/location_services/realtimedata", port);
在这些更改之后，我现在可以在日志中打印堆栈跟踪
这是我在这些更改后得到的例外
org.springframework.messaging.converter.MessageConversionException: Could not read JSON: Cannot construct instance of `com.convo.locationservices.websocket.WebSocketData` (although at least one Creator exists): no String-argument constructor/factory method to deserialize from String value ('eyJncm91cElkIjoiZ3JwLTEiLCAiYWNjb3VudElkIjoiYWNjLTEiLCAidXNlcklkIjoidXNyLTEifQ==')
at [Source: (byte[])""eyJncm91cElkIjoiZ3JwLTEiLCAiYWNjb3VudElkIjoiYWNjLTEiLCAidXNlcklkIjoidXNyLTEifQ==""; line: 1, column: 1]; nested exception is com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.MismatchedInputException: Cannot construct instance of `com.convo.locationservices.websocket.WebSocketData` (although at least one Creator exists): no String-argument constructor/factory method to deserialize from String value ('eyJncm91cElkIjoiZ3JwLTEiLCAiYWNjb3VudElkIjoiYWNjLTEiLCAidXNlcklkIjoidXNyLTEifQ==')
at [Source: (byte[])""eyJncm91cElkIjoiZ3JwLTEiLCAiYWNjb3VudElkIjoiYWNjLTEiLCAidXNlcklkIjoidXNyLTEifQ==""; line: 1, column: 1], failedMessage=GenericMessage [payload=byte[82], headers=simpMessageType=MESSAGE, stompCommand=MESSAGE, nativeHeaders=destination=[/realtimedata], content-type=[application/json], subscription=[0], message-id=[cc55448f0b4f447d8f6bc7662acd15db-0], content-length=[82], simpSubscriptionId=0, contentType=application/json, simpSessionId=2df73ca0-e13b-c479-4591-37e9f7e8d689, simpDestination=/realtimedata]
at org.springframework.messaging.converter.MappingJackson2MessageConverter.convertFromInternal(MappingJackson2MessageConverter.java:235)
at org.springframework.messaging.converter.AbstractMessageConverter.fromMessage(AbstractMessageConverter.java:197)
at org.springframework.messaging.converter.AbstractMessageConverter.fromMessage(AbstractMessageConverter.java:188)
at org.springframework.messaging.simp.stomp.DefaultStompSession.invokeHandler(DefaultStompSession.java:477)
at org.springframework.messaging.simp.stomp.DefaultStompSession.handleMessage(DefaultStompSession.java:429)
at org.springframework.web.socket.messaging.WebSocketStompClient$WebSocketTcpConnectionHandlerAdapter.handleMessage(WebSocketStompClient.java:340)
at org.springframework.web.socket.handler.WebSocketHandlerDecorator.handleMessage(WebSocketHandlerDecorator.java:75)
at org.springframework.web.socket.handler.LoggingWebSocketHandlerDecorator.handleMessage(LoggingWebSocketHandlerDecorator.java:56)
at org.springframework.web.socket.sockjs.client.AbstractClientSockJsSession.handleMessageFrame(AbstractClientSockJsSession.java:294)
at org.springframework.web.socket.sockjs.client.AbstractClientSockJsSession.handleFrame(AbstractClientSockJsSession.java:230)
at org.springframework.web.socket.sockjs.client.WebSocketTransport$ClientSockJsWebSocketHandler.handleTextMessage(WebSocketTransport.java:163)
at org.springframework.web.socket.handler.AbstractWebSocketHandler.handleMessage(AbstractWebSocketHandler.java:43)
at org.springframework.web.socket.adapter.standard.StandardWebSocketHandlerAdapter.handleTextMessage(StandardWebSocketHandlerAdapter.java:114)
at org.springframework.web.socket.adapter.standard.StandardWebSocketHandlerAdapter.access$000(StandardWebSocketHandlerAdapter.java:43)
at org.springframework.web.socket.adapter.standard.StandardWebSocketHandlerAdapter$3.onMessage(StandardWebSocketHandlerAdapter.java:85)
at org.springframework.web.socket.adapter.standard.StandardWebSocketHandlerAdapter$3.onMessage(StandardWebSocketHandlerAdapter.java:82)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameBase.sendMessageText(WsFrameBase.java:395)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameBase.processDataText(WsFrameBase.java:495)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameBase.processData(WsFrameBase.java:294)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameBase.processInputBuffer(WsFrameBase.java:133)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameClient.processSocketRead(WsFrameClient.java:95)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameClient.resumeProcessing(WsFrameClient.java:209)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameClient.access$300(WsFrameClient.java:31)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameClient$WsFrameClientCompletionHandler.doResumeProcessing(WsFrameClient.java:186)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameClient$WsFrameClientCompletionHandler.completed(WsFrameClient.java:163)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsFrameClient$WsFrameClientCompletionHandler.completed(WsFrameClient.java:148)
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.Invoker.invokeUnchecked(Invoker.java:127)
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.Invoker$2.run(Invoker.java:219)
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.AsynchronousChannelGroupImpl$1.run(AsynchronousChannelGroupImpl.java:112)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Caused by: com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.MismatchedInputException: Cannot construct instance of `com.convo.locationservices.websocket.WebSocketData` (although at least one Creator exists): no String-argument constructor/factory method to deserialize from String value ('eyJncm91cElkIjoiZ3JwLTEiLCAiYWNjb3VudElkIjoiYWNjLTEiLCAidXNlcklkIjoidXNyLTEifQ==')
at [Source: (byte[])""eyJncm91cElkIjoiZ3JwLTEiLCAiYWNjb3VudElkIjoiYWNjLTEiLCAidXNlcklkIjoidXNyLTEifQ==""; line: 1, column: 1]
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.MismatchedInputException.from(MismatchedInputException.java:63)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationContext.reportInputMismatch(DeserializationContext.java:1432)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationContext.handleMissingInstantiator(DeserializationContext.java:1062)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.ValueInstantiator._createFromStringFallbacks(ValueInstantiator.java:371)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.StdValueInstantiator.createFromString(StdValueInstantiator.java:323)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializerBase.deserializeFromString(BeanDeserializerBase.java:1373)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializer._deserializeOther(BeanDeserializer.java:171)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.BeanDeserializer.deserialize(BeanDeserializer.java:161)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper._readMapAndClose(ObjectMapper.java:4218)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper.readValue(ObjectMapper.java:3309)
at org.springframework.messaging.converter.MappingJackson2MessageConverter.convertFromInternal(MappingJackson2MessageConverter.java:219)
... 31 more
org.opentest4j.AssertionFailedError:
Expected :trying to figureout
Actual :null
谁能指导我我做错了什么？
谢谢。
【问题讨论】：
你能添加你的 WebSocket 配置吗？另外，您确定您实际上连接到加载的上下文，而不是连接到在端口 8080 上并行运行的应用程序吗？ @rieckpil 感谢您的回复，我已经添加了 websocket 配置类。如果我停止在端口 8080 上运行 websocket 的应用程序，则此单元测试会给我异常.....“org.springframework.web.client.ResourceAccessException：对“localhost:8080/api/realtimedata/info”的 GET 请求出现 I/O 错误：连接被拒绝（连接被拒绝）；嵌套异常是 java.net.ConnectException：连接被拒绝（连接被拒绝）”....“原因：java.net.ConnectException：连接被拒绝（连接被拒绝）” 我已经更新了我的答案，试试ByteArrayMessageConverter。如果这不起作用，还请包括您接受传入有效负载的服务器端
【参考方案1】：
我也遇到过同样的问题。就我而言，我忘记添加默认构造函数和所有参数构造函数
请检查您的 WebSocketData 类以添加构造函数
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：您应该将集成测试配置为使用启动的 Spring 上下文并且不要硬编码 8080。
此外，请确保为您的 WebSocketStompClient 配置了适合您的用例的 MessageConverter。默认值为SimpleMessageConverter。当您发送 byte[] 时，ByteArrayMessageConverter 应该适合。
您的测试可以重构为以下内容：
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class Test
@LocalServerPort
private Integer port;
static final String WEBSOCKET_TOPIC = "/realtimedata";
BlockingQueue<WebSocketData> blockingQueue;
WebSocketStompClient stompClient;
@BeforeEach
public void setup()
blockingQueue = new LinkedBlockingDeque<>();
stompClient = new WebSocketStompClient(new SockJsClient(
asList(new WebSocketTransport(new StandardWebSocketClient()))));
webSocketStompClient.setMessageConverter(new ByteArrayMessageConverter());
@Test
public void shouldReceiveAMessageFromTheServer() throws Exception
StompSession session = stompClient
.connect(getWsPath(), new StompSessionHandlerAdapter()
)
.get(1, SECONDS);
session.subscribe(WEBSOCKET_TOPIC, new DefaultStompFrameHandler());
String message = "\"groupId\":\"grp-1\", \"accountId\":\"acc-1\", \"userId\":\"usr-1\"";
session.send(WEBSOCKET_TOPIC, message.getBytes());
Assertions.assertEquals("trying to figureout", blockingQueue.poll(1, SECONDS));
class DefaultStompFrameHandler implements StompFrameHandler
@Override
public Type getPayloadType(StompHeaders stompHeaders)
return WebSocketData.class;
@Override
public void handleFrame(StompHeaders stompHeaders, Object o)
blockingQueue.offer((WebSocketData) o);
private String getWsPath()
return String.format("ws://localhost:%d/api/realtimedata", port);
这个测试将启动整个 Spring 上下文，随机端口上的嵌入式 servlet 容器，并尝试连接到您的端点。
【讨论】：
感谢您的宝贵时间，非常感谢。但是我对您提到的 MessageConverter 感到困惑，它是否应该将 json(response) 转换为 websocket 返回到客户端应用程序的模型类？ 因为我不知道您的生产代码是什么样子（您如何使用有效负载），所以我提前添加了这个注释。首先，尝试不使用任何自定义配置的消息转换器。 无论有没有 MappingJackson2MessageConverter()，响应都是一样的。我进一步研究了这个问题，发现默认情况下不打印异常，为此，我应该覆盖 DefaultStompFrameHandler 中的 handleException() 并且它应该扩展 StompSessionHandlerAdapter 而不是 StompFrameHandler 进行更改后，异常现在显示在日志中 您能否添加现在出现在您的问题中的异常轨迹跟踪？ 我在我的问题中添加了新的更改和异常堆栈跟踪。以上是关于Websocket 的单元测试返回 Null的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
Request.GetOwinContext 在单元测试中返回 null - 如何在单元测试中测试 OWIN 身份验证？
为啥 ApplicationsDocumentsDirectory 为单元测试返回 null？
Android 单元测试 LiveData.value 返回 null