错误：带有 Spring 控制器的 javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey
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【中文标题】错误：带有 Spring 控制器的 javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey【英文标题】：Error: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey with Spring controller 【发布时间】：2014-08-26 15:39:54 【问题描述】：我有一个用 Spring MVC 编写并使用 Hibernate 的简单的两表应用程序。一切正常，但如果我尝试对其中一个控制器进行单元测试，我会收到消息：
Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
单元测试方法如下：
@RunWith(value=SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration("file:C:/NetBeansProjects/Library/build/web/WEB-INF/library- servlet.xml")
public class TestPersonController
@Autowired
private PersonService personService;
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Before
public void setup()
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
@Test
public void testGetProfile()
Person mockPerson = new Person();
mockPerson.setPersonId(1);
mockPerson.setName("Mr Brown");
mockPerson.setAddress("Utopia Planitia on Mars");
mockPerson.setTelephone("1234567890");
mockPerson.setEmail("brown@brown.com");
when(personService.get(1)).thenReturn(mockPerson);
try
mockMvc.perform(get("/person/profile?personId=1"))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(view().name("view/profile"))
.andExpect(forwardedUrl("/WEB-INF/jsp/view/profile.jsp"))
.andExpect(model().attribute("person", hasSize(1)))
.andExpect(model().attribute("person", hasItem(
allOf(
hasProperty("personId", is(1)),
hasProperty("name", is("Mr Brown")),
hasProperty("address", is("53 Onslow Gardens")),
hasProperty("telephone", is("1234567890")),
hasProperty("email", is("brown@brown.com"))
)
)));
catch(Exception e)
Misc.printStackTrace(e);
verify(personService, times(1)).get(1);
verifyNoMoreInteractions(personService);
构成应用程序模型的两个类通过 1:M 关系连接在一起。第一个表 Person 有：
@Id
@Column(name="PERSON_ID", unique=true, nullable=false)
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer personId;
@Column(name="NAME", nullable=false, length=50)
private String name;
@Column(name="ADDRESS", nullable=false, length=100)
private String address;
@Column(name="TELEPHONE", nullable=false, length=10)
private String telephone;
@Column(name="EMAIL", nullable=false, length=50)
private String email;
@OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL, fetch=FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy="person")
@JsonManagedReference
private List<Book> books;
第二张桌子有：
@Id
@Column(name="BOOK_ID", unique=true, nullable=false)
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer bookId;
@Column(name="AUTHOR", nullable=false, length=50)
private String author;
@Column(name="TITLE", nullable=false, length=50)
private String title;
@Column(name="DESCRIPTION", nullable=false, length=500)
private String description;
@Column(name="ONLOAN", nullable=false)
private boolean onLoan;
@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name="person_id")
@JsonBackReference
private Person person;
这些类在所有其他情况下都能正常工作，除了 Person 控制器中方法的新单元测试。
我不在我的类中使用@ForeignKey 注释，因为似乎没有必要，如果我尝试，Java 说它是不必要的。
我有依赖问题还是什么？
单元测试堆栈跟踪如下：
Testsuite: library.person.TestPersonController
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 2.085 sec
------------- Standard Error -----------------
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
------------- ---------------- ---------------
Testcase: testGetProfile(library.person.TestPersonController): Caused an ERROR
Failed to load ApplicationContext
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:101)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:155)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:100)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:319)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:212)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:232)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:175)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'adminController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private library.service.PersonService library.controller.admin.AdminController.personService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private library.dao.PersonDAOImpl library.service.PersonService.personDAO; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personDAOImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory library.dao.PersonDAOImpl.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:C:/NetBeansProjects/Library/build/web/WEB-INF/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:700)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:129)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:60)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:250)
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64)
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private library.service.PersonService library.controller.admin.AdminController.personService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private library.dao.PersonDAOImpl library.service.PersonService.personDAO; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personDAOImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory library.dao.PersonDAOImpl.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:C:/NetBeansProjects/Library/build/web/WEB-INF/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private library.dao.PersonDAOImpl library.service.PersonService.personDAO; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personDAOImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory library.dao.PersonDAOImpl.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:C:/NetBeansProjects/Library/build/web/WEB-INF/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1014)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:957)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private library.dao.PersonDAOImpl library.service.PersonService.personDAO; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personDAOImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory library.dao.PersonDAOImpl.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:C:/NetBeansProjects/Library/build/web/WEB-INF/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personDAOImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory library.dao.PersonDAOImpl.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:C:/NetBeansProjects/Library/build/web/WEB-INF/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1014)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:957)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory library.dao.PersonDAOImpl.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:C:/NetBeansProjects/Library/build/web/WEB-INF/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:C:/NetBeansProjects/Library/build/web/WEB-INF/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1553)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1014)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:957)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder.bindManyToOne(AnnotationBinder.java:2881)
at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder.processElementAnnotations(AnnotationBinder.java:1795)
at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder.processIdPropertiesIfNotAlready(AnnotationBinder.java:963)
at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder.bindClass(AnnotationBinder.java:796)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration$MetadataSourceQueue.processAnnotatedClassesQueue(Configuration.java:3788)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration$MetadataSourceQueue.processMetadata(Configuration.java:3742)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.secondPassCompile(Configuration.java:1410)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1844)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1928)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.java:343)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:431)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:416)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1612)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1549)
Test library.person.TestPersonController FAILED
道具文件配置：
<!-- Spring Properties file for Library. -->
<bean id="propertiesFactory" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
<property name="location">
<value>/WEB-INF/library.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
【问题讨论】：
好像有版本冲突，你用的是什么ORM 版本机制？ 我将 Hibernate 4 与 Spring 4 一起使用，但它的一切似乎都可以正常工作。 您能发布完整的错误堆栈跟踪吗？我想查看更多详细信息，特别是引发异常的行。 已添加到问题中。 同样的错误在 WebLogic 中得到如何处理/ 【参考方案1】：我终于解决了这个类似的问题，我的 lib 文件夹中有一个旧版本（hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.0-Final.jar），我猜它一直在阻止加载 maven 依赖项。
所以在我手动删除它并添加（hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0-Final.jar）之后，一切都开始工作了。
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：可以在此处找到另一种解决方法：https://issues.jboss.org/browse/WFCORE-209
解决方法 1 更新 javaee/api/main.module.xml 如下：
<!--<module name="javax.persistence.api" export="true"/>-->
<module name="javax.persistence.api" export="false"/>
虽然这是不可移植的。
解决方法 2
更新 jboss-deployment-structure.xml 如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jboss-deployment-structure>
<deployment>
<exclude-subsystems>
<subsystem name="jpa" />
</exclude-subsystems>
<exclusions>
<!-- WFCORE-209 workaround -->
<module name="javaee.api" />
<!-- --------------------- -->
<module name="javax.persistence.api" />
<module name="org.hibernate" />
</exclusions>
<dependencies>
<!-- WFCORE-209 workaround -->
<module name="javax.activation.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.annotation.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.ejb.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.el.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.enterprise.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.enterprise.deploy.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.inject.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.interceptor.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.jms.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.jws.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.mail.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.management.j2ee.api" export="true"/>
<!-- <module name="javax.persistence.api" export="true"/> -->
<module name="javax.resource.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.rmi.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.security.auth.message.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.security.jacc.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.servlet.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.servlet.jsp.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.transaction.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.validation.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.ws.rs.api" export="true" services="export"/>
<module name="javax.xml.bind.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.xml.registry.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.xml.soap.api" export="true"/>
<module name="javax.xml.ws.api" export="true"/>
<!-- This one always goes last. -->
<module name="javax.api" export="true"/>
<!-- --------------------- -->
</dependencies>
</deployment>
</jboss-deployment-structure>
这是完全便携的
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：如果您使用的是 JBoss EAP 6.4.x
它可能是 JPA 2.0 附带的，您需要手动将其更新到 2.1！按照对我有用的简单步骤。
从 maven 仓库下载 JPA 2.1 并更新 JBoss 模块 http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate.javax.persistence/hibernate-jpa-2.1-api
将文件复制到 JBoss 模块目录中
更新同一目录下的module.xml
【讨论】：
我现在正在处理 JBoss 部署，这真的帮助了我！谢谢！ 这里也一样，为我节省了大量时间！谢谢！ 这就是我的问题。非常感谢，祝您复活节快乐！ 遇到了同样的问题，将我的 hibernate jpa 版本从 2.0 升级到 2.1，它就像魅力一样工作。 这条评论帮助我解决了我的问题。使用 gradle，我最初在 build.gradle 的dependencies 块中只有 implementation 'org.liquibase.ext:liquibase-hibernate4:3.6'，它自动拉入 hibernate-jpa-2.0，导致上面原始帖子中描述的问题。我通过以下方式解决了它：dependencies implementation 'org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.1-api:1.0.2.Final' implementation 'org.liquibase.ext:liquibase-hibernate4:3.6' 【参考方案4】：
JoinColumn.foreignKey() 是在 JPA 2.1 中引入的，直到版本 4.3 才由 Hibernate 4 实现。如果您使用的是旧版本的 Hibernate 4，请尝试升级到 4.3.x。
如果您已经在使用 Hibernate 4.3，请确保您也在使用 JPA 2.1 以确保 API 和实现匹配。
【讨论】：
我正在使用Hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar、hibernate-4.3.5.Final.jar 和javax.persistence_2.0.0.jar。这些似乎与您所说的相符。
啊，javax.persistence_2.0.0.jar 不包含JoinColumn.foreignKey()。尝试删除或升级该依赖项。
不幸的是，即使是javax.persistence-2.1.0.jar 的新版本也给出了相同的结果。
您可能需要清理您的项目，具体取决于项目的构建方式，以确保完全删除对 2.0.0 版本的引用。
这似乎有所帮助。但是由于某种原因，当我尝试运行测试类时，现在我收到了消息java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/library.properties]。属性文件是它应该在的地方。以上是关于错误：带有 Spring 控制器的 javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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