SQL 按顺序分组和组的顺序 ID

Posted 2023-02-16

【中文标题】SQL 按顺序分组和组的顺序 ID

【英文标题】：SQL Grouping in sequence & Sequential ID for group

【发布时间】：2021-12-17 07:56:48

【问题描述】：

我有以下 SQL 数据库，想按顺序对它们进行分组，并为每个组分配 ID。

Time	Line	Colour
2021-11-02 3:00:00PM	1	Black
2021-11-02 3:00:01PM	1	White
2021-11-02 3:00:02PM	1	Red
2021-11-02 3:00:04PM	1	Red
2021-11-02 3:00:05PM	1	Black
2021-11-02 3:00:06PM	1	Black
2021-11-02 3:00:00PM	2	Black
2021-11-02 3:00:01PM	2	Black
2021-11-02 3:00:02PM	2	White
2021-11-02 3:00:03PM	2	White
2021-11-02 3:00:03PM	2	White
2021-11-02 3:00:03PM	2	Black
2021-11-02 3:00:03PM	2	Black

我正在寻找的结果是

Time	Line	Colour	Qty	Group ID
2021-11-02 3:00:00PM	1	Black	1	1
2021-11-02 3:00:01PM	1	White	1	2
2021-11-02 3:00:02PM	1	Red	2	3
2021-11-02 3:00:04PM	1	Red	2	3
2021-11-02 3:00:05PM	1	Black	2	4
2021-11-02 3:00:06PM	1	Black	2	4
2021-11-02 3:00:00PM	2	Black	2	1
2021-11-02 3:00:01PM	2	Black	2	1
2021-11-02 3:00:02PM	2	White	3	2
2021-11-02 3:00:02PM	2	White	3	2
2021-11-02 3:00:03PM	2	White	3	2
2021-11-02 3:00:04PM	2	Black	2	3
2021-11-02 3:00:05PM	2	Black	2	3

数量基本上是连续一行中相同颜色的#。

组ID是按行换色的顺序ID。

我只是想不通，因为它需要在“时间”列和“行”列中是连续的，并且无法聚合。

【问题讨论】：

提问时，您需要提供minimal reproducible example： (1) DDL 和样本数据填充，即 CREATE 表加上 INSERT T-SQL 语句。 (2) 你需要做什么，即逻辑和你的代码尝试在 T-SQL 中实现它。 (3) 期望的输出，基于上述#1 中的样本数据。 (4) 您的 SQL Server 版本 (SELECT @@version;)。

【参考方案1】：

你可以这样做：

SELECT * , COUNT(*) OVER (PARTITION BY Line, groupId) Qty
FROM (
    SELECT *
      , rank() OVER (PARTITION BY Line ORDER BY Insertdate) 
      - rank() OVER (PARTITION BY Line, colour ORDER BY Insertdate) AS GroupId
   FROM tablename
) t ORDER BY line, Insertdate

db小提琴here