查找儿童部门的员工 - PHP
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【中文标题】查找儿童部门的员工 - PHP【英文标题】:Find Staff in Child Departments - PHP 【发布时间】:2017-09-08 01:19:43 【问题描述】:我正在使用 Codeigniter + mysql + Active Record 构建一个带有组织结构图的项目。
有部门列为组织树,人员信息的人员,人员角色和人员_部门,我存储匹配: 部门 - 员工 - 角色
你可以看到下面的结构:
部门 (parent_id用于构建树)
员工 (原始员工信息)
员工角色 (权重最低,层级最高)
员工部门 (在哪个部门 - 谁 - 什么角色)
在以后的阶段,员工可能会属于 2 个或更多具有不同角色的部门。这就是为什么我为多对多使用单独的表 Staff_departments。在这种情况下,让我们保持简单,假设 1 个员工属于 1 个部门。
我想要做什么:
-
一个部门的经理(role weight=0 || role_id=1),可以查看在其部门工作的员工(员工和主管)和所有属于其部门子级的部门的员工(员工和主管)。树的深度未知。
主管可以查看仅在其部门工作的员工(仅限员工)。
员工只能查看自己。
对于主管和员工来说,这个过程很简单,所以我觉得我可以接受。对于经理来说,我可能必须做一些递归的事情,但每次我开始编写一些代码行时我都在挣扎。
我的想法是在我的控制器中有一个函数 find_related_staff($staff_id) ,我将传递登录的员工的 ID,它会返回一个包含 ID 的数组他的相关工作人员。我唯一得到的是登录的员工的 ID。
如果经理返回与其部门相关的经理、主管和员工的 ID,以及来自的经理、主管和员工的 ID 他部门的子部门。
如果主管仅返回其部门相关的主管和员工的 ID。
如果员工返回他的 ID
关于如何实现这一目标的任何想法?
【问题讨论】:
如果你把role_id和dept_id放在staff表中,你的查询会变得更容易 我不能这样做,因为员工可以是一个部门的经理和另一个部门的主管。这种关系是多对多的。 那么同一员工在一个部门担任经理(可以看到所有主管和员工)但在另一个部门担任主管(看不到该部门的主管)?对 总的来说是的,没错,但在那个阶段,让我们保持简单,承认员工只能在一个部门中担任经理或主管。多对多关系适用于员工,而不适用于经理或主管。 结构化涉及所有可能性。无论如何,这个逻辑需要 php 检查以及您的查询 【参考方案1】:我认为您的主要问题是如何向下遍历,以便getRecursiveDepts()
解决。我还没有完成代码,但你可以尝试这样的事情
文件db.php
class DB
private $servername = "127.0.0.1";
private $username = "root";
private $password = "root";
private $dbname = "test";
private $port = '3306';
public function getRecursiveDepts($deptIds)
if (!is_array($deptIds))
$deptIds = array($deptIds);
$sql = "SELECT id FROM Departments WHERE parentId IN (";
$sql .= implode(', ', $deptIds);
$sql .= ")";
$conn = new mysqli($this->servername, $this->username, $this->password, $this->dbname, $this->port);
if ($conn->connect_error)
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
$result = $conn->query($sql);
if ($result->num_rows > 0)
$newDept = array();
while($row = $result->fetch_assoc())
array_push($newDept, $row['id']);
$conn->close();
$moreDepts = $this->getRecursiveDepts($newDept);
if (is_null($moreDepts))
$finalIds = array_unique(array_merge($deptIds, $newDept));
else
$finalIds = array_unique(array_merge($deptIds, $newDept, $moreDepts));
return $finalIds;
else
$conn->close();
return null;
public function getRoles($empId)
$sql = "SELECT role_id, department_id FROM staff_departmen_role WHERE staff_id = '$empId' GROUP BY role_id, department_id";
$conn = new mysqli($this->servername, $this->username, $this->password, $this->dbname, $this->port);
if ($conn->connect_error)
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
$result = $conn->query($sql);
if ($result->num_rows > 0)
$emp = array();
while($row = $result->fetch_assoc())
if (!array_key_exists($row['role_id'], $emp))
$emp[$row['role_id']] = array();
array_push($emp[$row['role_id']], $row['department_id']);
$conn->close();
return $emp;
public function getEmpDetails($empId)
$sql = "SELECT role_id, department_id FROM staff_departmen_role WHERE staff_id = '$empId' GROUP BY role_id, department_id";
$conn = new mysqli($this->servername, $this->username, $this->password, $this->dbname, $this->port);
if ($conn->connect_error)
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
$result = $conn->query($sql);
if ($result->num_rows > 0)
$emp = array();
while($row = $result->fetch_assoc())
if (!array_key_exists($row['role_id'], $emp))
$emp[$row['role_id']] = array();
array_push($emp[$row['role_id']], $row['department_id']);
$conn->close();
return $emp;
文件index.php
<?php
include_once 'db.php';
$objDB = new DB();
$empId = 2;
$emps = $objDB->getRoles($empId);
foreach ($emps as $roleId => $deptIds)
switch ($roleId)
case 1:
$allDeptIds = $objDB->getRecursiveDepts($deptIds);
break;
case 2://Supervisor GetEmpIds of current dept role >= 2
break;
case 3://Employee GetEmpIds of current dept role >= 2
$emp = $objDB->getEmpDetails($empId);
break;
default:
# code...
break;
$data = $objDB->getRecursiveDepts($empId);
print_r($data);
?>
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:我认为关系数据库中分层数据最强大的架构是transitive-closure-table。
给定departments
表的示例数据:
department_id | parent_id | department_name
--------------|-----------|----------------
1 | 0 | TEST A
2 | 1 | TEST B
3 | 2 | TEST C
你的闭包表(我们就叫它departments_tree
)会是这样的:
super_id | sub_id
---------|-------
1 | 1
1 | 2
1 | 3
2 | 2
2 | 3
3 | 3
读作:super_id
= 上级部门_id; sub_id
= 下属部门_id。
假设登录用户是department_id = 2
的部门经理,获取所有“受监管”员工的查询是:
SELECT DISTINCT s.*
FROM departments_tree t
JOIN stuff_departments sd ON sd.department_id = t.sub_id
JOIN staff s ON s.id = sd.staff_id
WHERE t.super_id = 2
您可以使用触发器来填充和更新闭包表。
插入触发器:
DELIMITER //
CREATE TRIGGER `departments_after_insert` AFTER INSERT ON `departments` FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
INSERT INTO departments_tree (super_id, sub_id)
SELECT new.department_id, new.department_id
UNION ALL
SELECT super_id, new.department_id
FROM departments_tree
WHERE sub_id = new.parent_id;
END//
DELIMITER ;
删除触发器:
DELIMITER //
CREATE TRIGGER `departments_before_delete` BEFORE DELETE ON `departments` FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
DELETE FROM departments_tree
WHERE sub_id = old.department_id;
END//
DELIMITER ;
更新触发器:
DELIMITER //
CREATE TRIGGER `departments_before_update` BEFORE UPDATE ON `departments` FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
DELETE t
FROM departments_tree p
CROSS JOIN departments_tree c
INNER JOIN departments_tree t
ON t.super_id = p.super_id
AND t.sub_id = c.sub_id
WHERE p.sub_id = old.parent_id
AND c.super_id = new.department_id;
INSERT INTO departments_tree (super_id, sub_id)
SELECT p.super_id, c.sub_id
FROM departments_tree p
CROSS JOIN departments_tree c
WHERE p.sub_id = new.parent_id
AND c.super_id = new.department_id;
END//
注意
如果您使用带有ON DELETE CASCADE
的外键,则不需要删除触发器:
CREATE TABLE `departments_tree` (
`super_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
`sub_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`super_id`, `sub_id`),
INDEX `sub_id_super_id` (`sub_id`, `super_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`super_id`) REFERENCES `departments` (`department_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE,
FOREIGN KEY (`sub_id`) REFERENCES `departments` (`department_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
注2
在传递闭包表的许多实现中,您会发现depth
或level
列。
但是对于给定的要求,您不需要它。我相信你永远不会真正需要它,
只要您不尝试在 SQL 中格式化树输出。
【讨论】:
【参考方案3】:好的,我认为,为了让事情更容易理解,我们需要将你的问题分解成小块(我只关注你说你真的需要帮助的部分:经理的递归) .
首先,我们获取与已验证用户关联的当前部门。正如您所说,您只有当前签名的工作人员的 ID,因此我们将从该 ID 开始。假设用户 id 被分配给变量 $user_id。
$user_department = $this->db->get_where('staff_departments', ['staff_id' => $user_id])->row();
现在我们有了部门,我们检查一下用户在该部门中的角色。我们将该信息添加到 $user_department 对象中:
$user_department->role = $this->db->get_where('staff_roles', ['role_id' => $user_department->role_id])->row();
让我们检查一下用户角色的权重,好吗?如果为 0,我们知道它是该部门的经理,因此我们将递归查找嵌套的部门及其员工信息。根据您的逻辑,我们可以在这里检查用户是否也是主管,并在必要时升级。像这样:
if ($user_department->role->role_weight <= 1)
// the user is a supervisor OR a manager, but both those can see, at least, the current department's staff information
$user_department->staff = $this->db->get_where('staff_departments', ['department_id' => $user_department->department_id]);
// now is the user a manager? If so, let's find nested departments
if ($user_department->role->role_weight === 0)
$user_department->childs = $this->getChildDepartmentsAndStaffOf($user_department->department_id);
您可能注意到,有一个函数会被递归调用。一定是这样的:
public function getChildDepartmentsAndStaffOf($department_id)
$child_departments = $this->db->get_where('departments', ['parent_id' => $department_id]);
if (! $child_departments)
return null;
foreach ($child_departments as &$department)
$department->staff = $this->db->get_where('staff_departments', ['department_id' => $department->department_id]);
$department->childs = $this->getChildDepartmentsAndStaffOf($department->department_id);
return $child_departments;
现在,你已经有了你想要的结构。我知道这可能会被重构,但我认为这足以让您得到答案并为您指明正确的道路。
希望我能帮上一点忙。
【讨论】:
似乎合法!还没试过,但我认为这是正确的方法。【参考方案4】:是的,要完成它,您必须使用递归过程。 (我使用的是 MySQL 5.6.19)
我在存储过程之前创建了一些测试数据:
根据您的问题要求提供样本数据:
create table departments
(
id int not null primary key auto_increment,
parent_id int,
department_name varchar(100)
);
insert into departments (id,parent_id,department_name)
values
(1,0,'Test A'),
(2,1,'Test B'),
(3,2,'Test C');
create table staff
(
id int not null primary key auto_increment,
ip_address varchar(100),
username varchar(100)
);
insert into staff values
(1,'127.0.0.1','ats'),
(2,'127.0.0.1','admin'),
(3,'127.0.0.1','george'),
(4,'127.0.0.1','jhon')
;
create table staff_roles
(
role_id int not null primary key auto_increment,
role_name varchar(100),
role_height int
);
insert into staff_roles values
(1,'Manager',0),
(2,'Supervisor',1),
(3,'Employee',2)
;
create table staff_departments
(
staff_department_id int not null primary key auto_increment,
department_id int,
staff_id int,
role_id int
);
insert into staff_departments values
(1,1,2,1),
(2,2,1,2),
(3,3,3,3),
(4,3,4,3);
是时候创建存储过程了:
find_related_staff
是接收staff_id
参数的过程,根据该值将在staff_departments
表中找到role_id
。
变量@result
会将最终结果累积为逗号分隔值。
find_recursive
是在子部门中搜索并将staff_id放入@result
变量的过程;
程序代码:
delimiter $$
drop procedure if exists find_related_staff$$
create procedure find_related_staff(p_id int)
begin
declare p_role_id int;
declare p_department_id int;
declare p_return varchar(255) default '';
declare p_role varchar(100);
select d.role_id, d.department_id, r.role_name
into p_role_id,p_department_id, p_role
from staff_departments d
inner join staff_roles r on d.role_id = r.role_id
where d.staff_id = p_id
limit 1;
case p_role_id
when 3 then -- employee (return the same id)
set @result = p_id;
when 2 then -- supervisor
select group_concat(s.staff_id)
into @result
from staff_departments s
where
s.role_id = 3
and s.department_id in
( select d.id
from departments d
where d.parent_id = p_department_id )
and s.role_id <> p_id;
when 1 then -- manager (complex recursive query)
select coalesce(group_concat(s.staff_id),'')
into @result
from staff_departments s
where
s.department_id = p_department_id
and s.staff_id <> p_id;
-- here we go!
call find_recursive(p_department_id);
end case;
select @result as result, p_role as role;
end $$
delimiter ;
delimiter $$
drop procedure if exists find_recursive$$
create procedure find_recursive(p_dept_id int)
begin
declare done int default false;
declare p_department int default false;
declare tmp_result varchar(255) default '';
-- cursor for all depend departments
declare c_departments cursor for
select s.department_id
from staff_departments s
where
s.department_id in
( select d.id
from departments d
where d.parent_id = p_dept_id );
declare continue handler for not found set done = true;
-- getting current departmens
set tmp_result =
(select coalesce(group_concat(s.staff_id),'')
from staff_departments s
where
s.department_id in
( select d.id
from departments d
where d.parent_id = p_dept_id ));
if length(tmp_result) > 0 then
if length(@result) > 0 then
set @result = concat(@result,',',tmp_result);
else
set @result = tmp_result;
end if;
open c_departments;
read_loop: loop
fetch c_departments into p_department;
if done then
leave read_loop;
end if;
call find_recursive(p_department);
end loop;
close c_departments;
end if;
end $$
delimiter ;
测试:
重要提示:递归的最大深度默认为0,我们必须更改该值:
SET max_sp_recursion_depth=255;
现在我们在您的staff_departments
表上有如下配置:
+---------------------+---------------+----------+---------+
| staff_department_id | department_id | staff_id | role_id |
+---------------------+---------------+----------+---------+
| 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
+---------------------+---------------+----------+---------+
运行每个案例:
call find_related_staff(2);
+--------+---------+
| result | role |
+--------+---------+
| 1,3,4 | Manager |
+--------+---------+
call find_related_staff(1);
+--------+------------+
| result | role |
+--------+------------+
| 3,4 | Supervisor |
+--------+------------+
call find_related_staff(3);
+--------+----------+
| result | role |
+--------+----------+
| 3 | Employee |
+--------+----------+
call find_related_staff(4);
+--------+----------+
| result | role |
+--------+----------+
| 4 | Employee |
+--------+----------+
享受吧!
【讨论】:
干得好,但我可以问你点什么吗?为什么你用 MySQL 而不是 PHP? (我问过同样的问题)答案是:你也可以只使用mysql。以上是关于查找儿童部门的员工 - PHP的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
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