如何在 Ubuntu 16.04 上安装 mysql2 [错误：安装 mysql2 时出错：错误：无法构建 gem 本机扩展。] [重复]

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】如何在 Ubuntu 16.04 上安装 mysql2 [错误：安装 mysql2 时出错：错误：无法构建 gem 本机扩展。] [重复]

【英文标题】：How to install mysql2 on Ubuntu 16.04 [ ERROR: Error installing mysql2: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.] [duplicate]

【发布时间】：2016-09-11 11:08:00

【问题描述】：

我不知道在 ubuntu 上安装 mysql2 :(

sudo gem install mysql2
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing mysql2:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/mysql2-0.4.4/ext/mysql2
/usr/bin/ruby2.3 -r ./siteconf20160515-9715-1s2u1sj.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/mysql2-0.4.4 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/mysql2-0.4.4/gem_make.out

sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

Lendo listas de pacotes... Pronto
Construindo árvore de dependências       
Lendo informação de estado... Pronto
libmysqlclient-dev is already the newest version (5.7.12-0ubuntu1).
0 pacotes atualizados, 0 pacotes novos instalados, 0 a serem removidos e 61 não atualizados.

但不工作

【问题讨论】：

rake test Could not find gem 'mysql2 (< 0.5, >= 0.3.13)' in any of the gem sources listed in your Gemfile or available on this machine. 运行 bundle install 以安装缺失的 gem。

你安装了 ruby​​ 开发环境吗？ sudo apt-get install ruby-dev

检查您是否具备构建 mysql2 gem 的本机扩展的所有其他要求。

***.com/questions/3608287/…

【参考方案1】：

首先，安装 libmysqlclient-dev 使用：

sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

然后：

bundle 

【参考方案2】：

sudo apt-get install ruby-mysql2

【讨论】：

虽然此代码可能会回答问题，但提供有关它如何和/或为什么解决问题的额外上下文将提高​​答案的长期价值。

这种方式是安装“ruby-mysql2”操作系统包，可能会导致安装错误或太旧的版本（取决于操作系统）

【参考方案3】：

sudo apt-get install libnetcdf-dev libssl-dev libcrypto++-dev libgmp-dev

为我解决了同样的问题