CommandError：一个或多个模型未验证

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】CommandError：一个或多个模型未验证

【英文标题】：CommandError: One or more models did not validate

【发布时间】：2013-04-06 23:45:53

【问题描述】：

在 Django 下，对于使用以前版本的 Python 和 Django 的项目（阅读：也许这是一个移植问题），我得到：

： directory.phone：字段“entity”的反向查询名称与字段“Entity.phone”冲突。将related_name 参数添加到“实体”的定义中。

我需要做什么？我的models.py 文件如下：

#!/usr/bin/python
# coding = UTF-8

from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.contenttypes import generic
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
from django.db import models

import datetime
import directory
import django.forms
import re

OFFICE_CHOICES = (
  (u'CN', u'Chicago North Office, Illinois, USA'),
  (u'CS', u'Chicago South Office, Illinois, USA'),
  (u'WH', u'Wheaton Office, Illinois, USA'),
  (u'SY', u'Sydney Office, New South Wales, Australia'),
  )

EDIT_CHOICES = (
  (u'a', u'Foreign key relationship changed.'),
  (u'b', u'Image changed.'),
  (u'c', u'Instance created.'),
  (u'd', u'Instance deleted.'),
  (u'e', u'Many to many relationship added.'),
  (u'f', u'Many to many relationship deleted.'),
  (u'g', u'One to many relationship added.'),
  (u'h', u'One to many relationship deleted.'),
  (u'i', u'Text changed.'),
  )

TIME_ZONE_CHOICES = (
  (None, "Select"),
  ("1.0", "A: Paris, +1:00"),
  ("2.0", "B: Athens, +2:00"),
  ("3.0", "C: Moscow, +3:00"),
  ("4.0", "D: Dubai, +4:00"),
  ("4.5", "-: Kabul, +4:30"),
  ("5.0", "E: Karachi, +5:00"),
  ("5.5", "-: New Delhi, +5:30"),
  ("5.75", "-: Kathmandu, :5:45"),
  ("6.0", "F: Dhaka, +6:00"),
  ("6.5", "-: Rangoon, +6:30"),
  ("7.0", "G: Jakarta, +7:00"),
  ("8.0", "H: Kuala Lumpur, +8:00"),
  ("9.0", "I: Tokyo, +9:00"),
  ("9.5", "-: Adelaide, +9:30"),
  ("10.0", "K: Sydney, +10:00"),
  ("10.5", "-: Lord Howe Island, +10:30"),
  ("11.0", "L: Solomon Islands, +11:00"),
  ("11.5", "-: Norfolk Island, +11:50"),
  ("12.0", "M: Auckland, +12:00"),
  ("12.75", "-: Chatham Islands, +12:45"),
  ("13.0", "-: Tonga, +13:00"),
  ("14.0", "-: Line Islands, +14:00"),
  ("-1.0", "N: Azores, -1:00"),
  ("-2.0", "O: Fernando de Norohna, -2:00"),
  ("-3.0", "P: Rio de Janiero, -3:00"),
  ("-3.5", "-: St. John's, -3:50"),
  ("-4.0", "Q: Santiago, -4:00"),
  ("-4.5", "-: Caracas, -4:30"),
  ("-5.0", "R: New York City, -5:00"),
  ("-6.0", "S: Chicago, -6:00"),
  ("-7.0", "T: Boulder, -7:00"),
  ("-8.0", "U: Los Angeles, -8:00"),
  ("-9.0", "V: Anchorage, -9:00"),
  ("-9.5", "-: Marquesas Islands, -9:30"),
  ("-10.0", "W: Hawaii, -10:00"),
  ("-11.0", "X: Samoa, -11:00"),
  ("-12.0", "Y: Baker Island, -12:00"),
  ("0.0", "Z: London, +0:00"),
  )

FOREIGN_KEY_RELATIONSHIP_CHANGED = u'a'
IMAGE_CHANGED = u'b'
INSTANCE_CREATED = u'c'
INSTANCE_DELETED = u'd'
MANY_TO_MANY_RELATIONSHIP_ADDED = u'e'
MANY_TO_MANY_RELATIONSHIP_DELETED = u'f'
MANY_TO_ONE_RELATIONSHIP_ADDED = u'g'
MANY_TO_ONE_RELATIONSHIP_DELETED = u'h'
TEXT_CHANGED = u'i'

class EditTrail(models.Model):
    change_set = models.IntegerField()
    change_type = models.CharField(max_length = 1, choices = EDIT_CHOICES)
    content_object = generic.GenericForeignKey(u'content_type', u'object_id')
    content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType)
    field_name = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
    foreign_key_added = generic.GenericForeignKey()
    foreign_key_deleted = generic.GenericForeignKey()
    in_effect = models.BooleanField()
    instance = generic.GenericForeignKey()
    ip = models.IPAddressField()
    object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    session = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
    text_after = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
    text_before = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(default = datetime.datetime.now, blank =
      True)
    username = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
    def format_timestamp(self):
        return directory.functions.format_timestamp(self.timestamp)

class ExtensionField(models.TextField):
    def __init__(self, *arguments, **keywords):
        models.TextField.__init__(self, *arguments, **keywords)

def gps_validator(value):
    # Create a normalized working copy of the value.
    working_copy = value
    working_copy = working_copy.replace(u'\n', u',')
    working_copy = working_copy.replace(u'\r', u',')
    working_copy = re.sub(ur',*$', '', working_copy)
    working_copy = re.sub(ur',+', u',', working_copy)
    if not u',' in working_copy and not \
      re.match(ur'.* .* .*', working_copy):
        working_copy = working_copy.replace(u' ', u',')
    working_copy = re.sub(u'[\00B0\2018\2019\201C\201D\'"]', ' ', working_copy)
    working_copy = working_copy.replace(u',', u', ')
    working_copy = re.sub(ur'\s+', u' ', working_copy)
    working_copy = working_copy.strip()
    working_copy = working_copy.upper()
    # Test the normalized working copy against regular expressions for different kinds of GPS format.
    if re.match(ur'[-NS]? ?\d1,3 [0-5]\d [0-5]\d(\.\d+)[NS]?, [-EW]? ?\d1,3 [0-5]\d [0-5]\d(\.\d+)[EW]?', working_copy):
        return working_copy
    elif re.match(ur'[-NS]? ?\d1,3 [0-5]\d(\.\d+)[NS]?, [-EW]? ?\d1,3 [0-5]\d(\.\d+)[EW]?', working_copy):
        return working_copy
    elif re.match(ur'[-NS]? ?\d1,3(\.\d+)[NS]?, [-EW]? ?\d1,3(\.\d+)[EW]?', working_copy):
        return working_copy
    else:
        raise ValidationError(u'We could not recognize this as a valid GPS coordinate.')

class GPSField(models.TextField):
    default_error_messages = 
        u'invalid': u'We could not recognize this as a valid GPS coordinate.',
      
    default_validators = [gps_validator]

class Increment(models.Model):
    pass

class Location(models.Model):
    identifier = models.TextField(blank = True)
    description = models.TextField(blank = True)
    office = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=OFFICE_CHOICES, blank =
      True)
    postal_address = models.TextField(blank = True)
    room = models.TextField(blank = True)
    coordinates = GPSField(blank = True)

class TextURLField(models.URLField):
    def __init__(self, *arguments, **keywords):
        models.URLField.__init__(self, *arguments, **keywords)
    def get_internal_type(self):
        return u'TextField'

# This class is basically the "Person" class; however, it is called "Entity"
# to emphasize that it is intended to accommodate people, offices,
# organizational units, and possibly other areas.
class Entity(models.Model):
    active = models.BooleanField(blank = True)
    department = models.ForeignKey(u'self', blank = True, null =
      True, related_name = u'member')
    description = models.TextField(blank = True)
    gps = GPSField()
    image_mimetype = models.TextField(blank = True, null = True)
    is_invisible = models.BooleanField(default = False)
    location = models.ForeignKey(u'self', blank = True, null = True,
      related_name = u'occupant')
    name = models.TextField(blank = True, default =
      directory.settings.PLACEHOLDER_NAME)
    observes_daylight_saving_time = models.BooleanField(blank = True, default
      = True)
    other_contact = models.TextField(blank = True)
    postal_address = models.TextField(blank = True)
    publish_externally = models.BooleanField(blank = True)
    reports_to = models.ForeignKey(u'self', blank = True, null = True,
      related_name = u'subordinate')
    start_date = models.DateField(blank = True, null = True)
    time_zone = models.CharField(max_length = 5, null = True, choices =
      TIME_ZONE_CHOICES)
    title = models.TextField(blank = True)
    class Meta:
        permissions = (
          ("view_changelog", "View the editing changelog"),
          )

class Tag(models.Model):
    entity = models.ForeignKey(Entity)
    is_invisible = models.BooleanField(default = False)
    text = models.TextField(blank = True)
    def __eq__(self, other):
        try:
            return self.text == other.text
        except:
            return False

class TextEmailField(models.EmailField):
    #entity = models.ForeignKey(Entity)
    def __init__(self, *arguments, **keywords):
        models.EmailField.__init__(self, *arguments, **keywords)
    def get_internal_type(self):
        return u'TextField'

class Email(models.Model):
    email = TextEmailField()
    entity = models.ForeignKey(Entity)
    is_invisible = models.BooleanField(default = False)

class URL(models.Model):
    entity = models.ForeignKey(Entity)
    url = TextURLField()
    is_invisible = models.BooleanField(default = False)

class Phone(models.Model):
    description = models.TextField(blank = True, null = True)
    entity = models.ForeignKey(Entity, blank = True)
    is_invisible = models.BooleanField(default = False)
    number = models.TextField(blank = True)
    def __eq__(self, other):
        try:
            return self.remove_formatting() == other.remove_formatting()
        except:
            return False
    def remove_formatting(self):
        return re.sub(ur'\D', u'', str(self))

class Status(models.Model):
    datetime = models.DateTimeField(default = datetime.datetime.now, blank = True)
    entity = models.ForeignKey(Entity, blank = True)
    is_invisible = models.BooleanField(default = False)
    text = models.TextField(blank = True)
    username = models.TextField(blank = True)
    def format_timestamp(self):
        return directory.functions.format_timestamp(self.datetime)

class EntityForm(django.forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Entity
        fields = (u'name', u'description', u'phone', u'department',
          u'postal_address', u'reports_to', u'active', u'publish_externally')

class LocationForm(django.forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Location

【问题讨论】：

你的模型对我来说很好，所以我猜你在 directory 中有一些递归导入。你有没有把这个模型导入那里？

这个问题可能和this one一样

您正在使用 models.ForeignKey(Entity) 6 次。将这些外键中的每一个更改为 models.ForeignKey(Entity, related_name="unique_entity_name") 并写入唯一的实体名称。

我建议您改进问题的标题，使其直接指向问题。

【参考方案1】：

首先尝试重置您的数据库。并删除所有迁移，然后再次运行。如果同样的问题仍然存在。改进问题。

【参考方案2】：

在您的手机型号中

class Phone(models.Model):    
    entity = models.ForeignKey(Entity, blank = True, related_name="someName")

【参考方案3】：

在Phone 定义中，为entity 属性添加此参数：

related_name = "entity_phone"

Django 在模型中自动构建反向关系，有时它选择的名称会与其他现有的相关名称发生冲突。因此，您可以明确设置这些名称，以免它们发生冲突。