如何通过“@solana/web3.js”传输自定义令牌
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【中文标题】如何通过“@solana/web3.js”传输自定义令牌【英文标题】:How to transfer custom token by '@solana/web3.js' 【发布时间】:2021-09-15 01:24:44 【问题描述】:我想使用 solana web3.js 发送我部署的令牌而不是 sol,但我不知道如何。找了很久的官方文档,还是找不到。如果您有这方面的任何信息,请告诉我吗?谢谢
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:现有答案的问题在于,它们仅向您展示如何首先创建一个新的自定义令牌,然后执行从一个钱包到另一个钱包的转移。在这里,我将展示如何使用现有的自定义令牌来执行此操作。
import Token, TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID from "@solana/spl-token";
import web3, Wallet from "@project-serum/anchor";
async function transfer(tokenMintAddress: string, wallet: Wallet, to: string, connection: web3.Connection, amount: number)
const mintPublicKey = new web3.PublicKey(tokenMintAddress);
const mintToken = new Token(
connection,
mintPublicKey,
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
wallet.payer // the wallet owner will pay to transfer and to create recipients associated token account if it does not yet exist.
);
const fromTokenAccount = await mintToken.getOrCreateAssociatedAccountInfo(
wallet.publicKey
);
const destPublicKey = new web3.PublicKey(to);
// Get the derived address of the destination wallet which will hold the custom token
const associatedDestinationTokenAddr = await Token.getAssociatedTokenAddress(
mintToken.associatedProgramId,
mintToken.programId,
mintPublicKey,
destPublicKey
);
const receiverAccount = await connection.getAccountInfo(associatedDestinationTokenAddr);
const instructions: web3.TransactionInstruction[] = [];
if (receiverAccount === null)
instructions.push(
Token.createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction(
mintToken.associatedProgramId,
mintToken.programId,
mintPublicKey,
associatedDestinationTokenAddr,
destPublicKey,
wallet.publicKey
)
)
instructions.push(
Token.createTransferInstruction(
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
fromTokenAccount.address,
associatedDestinationTokenAddr,
wallet.publicKey,
[],
amount
)
);
const transaction = new web3.Transaction().add(...instructions);
transaction.feePayer = wallet.publicKey;
transaction.recentBlockhash = (await connection.getRecentBlockhash()).blockhash;
const transactionSignature = await connection.sendRawTransaction(
transaction.serialize(),
skipPreflight: true
);
await connection.confirmTransaction(transactionSignature);
如果收件人没有自定义令牌帐户,请注意我们如何添加创建自定义令牌帐户的说明。
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:您需要确保为令牌程序安装 npm 绑定,如下面的导入所示
import * as web3 from "@solana/web3.js";
import * as splToken from "@solana/spl-token";
// Address: 9vpsmXhZYMpvhCKiVoX5U8b1iKpfwJaFpPEEXF7hRm9N
const DEMO_WALLET_SECRET_KEY = new Uint8Array([
37, 21, 197, 185, 105, 201, 212, 148, 164, 108, 251, 159, 174, 252, 43, 246,
225, 156, 38, 203, 99, 42, 244, 73, 252, 143, 34, 239, 15, 222, 217, 91, 132,
167, 105, 60, 17, 211, 120, 243, 197, 99, 113, 34, 76, 127, 190, 18, 91, 246,
121, 93, 189, 55, 165, 129, 196, 104, 25, 157, 209, 168, 165, 149,
]);
(async () =>
// Connect to cluster
var connection = new web3.Connection(web3.clusterApiUrl("devnet"));
// Construct wallet keypairs
var fromWallet = web3.Keypair.fromSecretKey(DEMO_WALLET_SECRET_KEY);
var toWallet = web3.Keypair.generate();
// Construct my token class
var myMint = new web3.PublicKey("My Mint Public Address");
var myToken = new splToken.Token(
connection,
myMint,
splToken.TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
fromWallet
);
// Create associated token accounts for my token if they don't exist yet
var fromTokenAccount = await myToken.getOrCreateAssociatedAccountInfo(
fromWallet.publicKey
)
var toTokenAccount = await myToken.getOrCreateAssociatedAccountInfo(
toWallet.publicKey
)
// Add token transfer instructions to transaction
var transaction = new web3.Transaction()
.add(
splToken.Token.createTransferInstruction(
splToken.TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
fromTokenAccount.address,
toTokenAccount.address,
fromWallet.publicKey,
[],
0
)
);
// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm
var signature = await web3.sendAndConfirmTransaction(
connection,
transaction,
[fromWallet]
);
console.log("SIGNATURE", signature);
console.log("SUCCESS");
)();
【讨论】:
我们可以访问代码中的密钥似乎是一个错误的假设。以上是关于如何通过“@solana/web3.js”传输自定义令牌的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
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