使用 OpenCV 将 RGB 图像转换为二进制图像

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】使用 OpenCV 将 RGB 图像转换为二进制图像

【英文标题】：RGB image into binary image using OpenCV

【发布时间】：2013-06-08 03:20:59

【问题描述】：

所以，我是超级菜鸟，我正在尝试使用 OpenCV 将 RGB 图像转换为 C/C++ 中的二进制图像。我的第一个程序是这样的：

#include <opencv.hpp>

using namespace cv;

int main ( int argc, char **argv )

Mat im_gray = imread("img1.png",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);

Mat im_rgb  = imread("img.png");
Mat im_gray;
cvtColor(im_rgb,im_gray,CV_RGB2GRAY);

Mat img_bw = im_gray > 128;

imwrite("image_bw.jpg", img_bw);

return 0;

但它显示“存在构建错误”并且只打开原始图像。我怎样才能做到正确？有人可以帮我吗？

输出是：

'opencv.exe': Loaded 'D:\Imagens\pibiti\opencv\Debug\opencv.exe', Symbols loaded.
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\ntdll.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\kernel32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\KernelBase.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'D:\Imagens\pibiti\opencv\opencv\opencv_core230d.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'D:\Imagens\pibiti\opencv\opencv\opencv_highgui230d.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msvcp100d.dll', Symbols loaded.
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msvcr100d.dll', Symbols loaded.
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\user32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\gdi32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\ole32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\oleaut32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\advapi32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.windows.common-controls_6595b64144ccf1df_5.82.9200.16384_none_bf100cd445f4d954\comctl32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\avifil32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msvfw32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\avicap32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\combase.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msvcrt.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\rpcrt4.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\sechost.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\winmm.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msacm32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\shell32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\version.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\winmmbase.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\shlwapi.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\imm32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msctf.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\cryptbase.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\bcryptprimitives.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\uxtheme.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Iminent\Iminent.WinCore.dll', Binary was not built with debug information.
'opencv.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\dwmapi.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0xd9c) has exited with code -1073741510 (0xc000013a).
WinCore .dll DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:The program '[4136] opencv.exe: Native' has exited with code -1073741510 (0xc000013a).

PS.：使用 Windows 8 + Visual Studio 10 + OpenCV 2.3。

我正在尝试转换为二进制图像的图像：img1.png

【问题讨论】：

你在 `C:\Windows\System32` 的错误信息中有提到的 dll 吗？

【参考方案1】：

#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>

//using namespace cv;

int main ( int argc, char **argv )

    cv::Mat im_gray;   // no nead to load the Mat with anything when declaring it.
    cv::Mat im_rgb  = cv::imread("img.png");
    cv::cvtColor(im_rgb, im_gray,CV_RGB2GRAY);
    // INSTEAD of the above two lines you could have cv::Mat im_gray = imread("img1.png",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);

    // the following is an alternative to Mat img_bw = im_gray > 128
    cv::Mat img_bw;
    cv::threshold(im_gray, img_bw, 128.0, 255.0, THRESH_BINARY);

    cv::imwrite("image_bw.jpg", img_bw);

    return 0;
 

【参考方案2】：

删除多余的Mat im_gray;，并将包含路径设置为OpenCV2.3/build/include，然后程序编译。

#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>

using namespace cv;

int main ( int argc, char **argv )

    Mat im_gray = imread("img1.png",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);

    Mat im_rgb  = imread("img.png");
    cvtColor(im_rgb,im_gray,CV_RGB2GRAY);

    Mat img_bw = im_gray > 128;

    imwrite("image_bw.jpg", img_bw);

    return 0;
    

编辑：

#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
using namespace cv;

int main( int argc, char** argv )

    Mat img = imread( "C:/test/img1.png");
    cvtColor(img,img,CV_BGR2GRAY);
    Mat left=img(Rect(0,0,300,151));
    Mat right=img(Rect(300,0,img.cols-300,151));
    threshold(left,left,0,255,CV_THRESH_OTSU);
    threshold(right,right,0,255,CV_THRESH_OTSU);
    imshow("img",img);
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
    

【讨论】：

感谢您的回答。我把 77 而不是 128 (Mat img_bw = im_gray > 128;) 我做得更好，但仍有一些数字不完整。知道如何解决这个问题吗？这里的结果docs.google.com/file/d/0BzUNc6BOkYrNNVNFZzAtenpvaWM/…