创建没有标题栏的窗口，具有可调整大小的边框并且没有虚假的 6px 白色条纹
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【中文标题】创建没有标题栏的窗口，具有可调整大小的边框并且没有虚假的 6px 白色条纹【英文标题】：Create window without titlebar, with resizable border and without bogus 6px white stripe 【发布时间】：2017-02-05 11:44:03 【问题描述】：我想要一个没有标题栏但有可调整大小的框架和阴影的窗口。 这可以通过删除 WS_CAPTION 并添加 WS_THICKFRAME 轻松实现，但是，从 Windows 10 开始，有一个 6px 白色非客户区。
使用下面的代码，我创建了一个窗口并将所有客户区涂成黑色，窗口的左、右和下 6px 透明边距，但上边距是白色的。
#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif
#include <windows.h>
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
int WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, PWSTR pCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
// Register the window class.
const wchar_t CLASS_NAME[] = L"Sample Window Class";
WNDCLASS wc = ;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;
RegisterClass(&wc);
// Create the window.
HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
0, // Optional window styles.
CLASS_NAME, // Window class
L"", // Window text
0,
// Size and position
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, // Parent window
NULL, // Menu
hInstance, // Instance handle
NULL // Additional application data
);
ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
LONG lStyle = GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE);
lStyle |= WS_THICKFRAME;
lStyle = lStyle & ~WS_CAPTION;
SetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE, lStyle);
SetWindowPos(hwnd, NULL, 0,0,0,0, SWP_FRAMECHANGED | SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOOWNERZORDER);
// Run the message loop.
MSG msg = ;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
return 0;
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
switch (uMsg)
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
case WM_PAINT:
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
// Paint everything black
FillRect(hdc, &ps.rcPaint, (HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOWTEXT));
EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
return 0;
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
渲染：
如何去除白色条纹？ 我还发现了这个相关的 Qt 错误报告 QTBUG-47543 已关闭，因为它不是 Qt 问题，因为它可以用 win32 api 重现。
【问题讨论】：
检查以下解决方案：***.com/questions/19919147/… 【参考方案1】：我认为我们不需要使用 DWM 来移除此边框。此白色顶部调整大小边框属于窗口的非客户区。因此，要删除它，您应该处理与窗口非客户区的大小调整和激活相关的窗口消息，如下所示：（仅在 Win 10 上测试）
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
/* When we have a custom titlebar in the window, we don't need the non-client area of a normal window
* to be painted. In order to acheive this, we handle the "WM_NCCALCSIZE" which is responsible for the
* size of non-client area of a window and set the return value to 0. Also we have to tell the
* application to not paint this area on activate and deactivation events so we also handle
* "WM_NCACTIVATE" message. */
switch( nMsg )
case WM_NCACTIVATE:
/* Returning 0 from this message disable the window from receiving activate events which is not
desirable. However When a visual style is not active (?) for this window, "lParam" is a handle to an
optional update region for the nonclient area of the window. If this parameter is set to -1,
DefWindowProc does not repaint the nonclient area to reflect the state change. */
lParam = -1;
break;
/* To remove the standard window frame, you must handle the WM_NCCALCSIZE message, specifically when
its wParam value is TRUE and the return value is 0 */
case WM_NCCALCSIZE:
if( wParam )
/* Detect whether window is maximized or not. We don't need to change the resize border when win is
* maximized because all resize borders are gone automatically */
WINDOWPLACEMENT wPos;
// GetWindowPlacement fail if this member is not set correctly.
wPos.length = sizeof( wPos );
GetWindowPlacement( hWnd, &wPos );
if( wPos.showCmd != SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED )
RECT borderThickness;
SetRectEmpty( &borderThickness );
AdjustWindowRectEx( &borderThickness,
GetWindowLongPtr( hWnd, GWL_STYLE ) & ~WS_CAPTION, FALSE, NULL );
borderThickness.left *= -1;
borderThickness.top *= -1;
NCCALCSIZE_PARAMS* sz = reinterpret_cast< NCCALCSIZE_PARAMS* >( lParam );
// Add 1 pixel to the top border to make the window resizable from the top border
sz->rgrc[ 0 ].top += 1;
sz->rgrc[ 0 ].left += borderThickness.left;
sz->rgrc[ 0 ].right -= borderThickness.right;
sz->rgrc[ 0 ].bottom -= borderThickness.bottom;
return 0;
break;
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
【讨论】：
此解决方案有效。【参考方案2】：改变对话框的样式。
LONG lStyle = GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE);
lStyle |= WS_THICKFRAME; // 6px white stripe cause of this.
lStyle = lStyle & ~WS_CAPTION;
【讨论】：
虽然此代码可能会回答问题，但提供有关其解决问题的方式和/或原因的附加上下文将提高答案的长期价值。Read this。 您刚刚从我的原始帖子中复制了 3 行代码。你能展示实际修复它的代码吗？ @SergioMartins 删除 WS_THCIFRAME 属性。 这使得窗口不可调整大小，但问题是保持窗口可调整大小【参考方案3】：只是稍微扩展一下；为了删除白色条纹，只需从 NCCALCSIZE 中的第一个矩形中删除相应的值。 pywin32 代码为：
if msg == WM_NCCALCSIZE:
if wParam:
res = CallWindowProc(
wndProc, hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam
)
sz = NCCALCSIZE_PARAMS.from_address(lParam)
sz.rgrc[0].top -= 6 # remove 6px top border!
return res
【讨论】：
在我看来，最好不要使用常量“6”，而是使用函数调用的结果 AdjustWindowRectEx(&border_thickness, GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) & ~WS_CAPTION, FALSE, NULL) ;然后得到border_thickness.top【参考方案4】：这不是错误。在 Windows 10 中，左/右/下的边框是透明的。上边框不透明。你应该保持原样。可能没有人会抱怨。
要改变它，你必须修改非客户区。这在 Windows Vista 及更高版本中是相当困难的。参考Custom Window Frame Using DWM。
查找边框粗细
使用DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea 访问非客户区
使用BeginBufferedPaint 在非客户区绘制不透明颜色
Windows 10 示例：
（请参阅下一个示例以了解与 Windows Vista、7、8 的兼容性）
//requires Dwmapi.lib and UxTheme.lib
#include <Windows.h>
#include <Dwmapi.h>
void my_paint(HDC hdc, RECT rc)
HBRUSH brush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0, 128, 0));
FillRect(hdc, &rc, brush);
DeleteObject(brush);
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
static RECT border_thickness;
switch (uMsg)
case WM_CREATE:
//find border thickness
SetRectEmpty(&border_thickness);
if (GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) & WS_THICKFRAME)
AdjustWindowRectEx(&border_thickness, GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) & ~WS_CAPTION, FALSE, NULL);
border_thickness.left *= -1;
border_thickness.top *= -1;
else if (GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) & WS_BORDER)
SetRect(&border_thickness, 1, 1, 1, 1);
MARGINS margins = 0 ;
DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea(hwnd, &margins);
SetWindowPos(hwnd, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_SHOWWINDOW | SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_FRAMECHANGED);
break;
case WM_PAINT:
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
RECT rc = ps.rcPaint;
BP_PAINTPARAMS params = sizeof(params), BPPF_NOCLIP | BPPF_ERASE ;
HDC memdc;
HPAINTBUFFER hbuffer = BeginBufferedPaint(hdc, &rc, BPBF_TOPDOWNDIB, ¶ms, &memdc);
my_paint(memdc, rc);
BufferedPaintSetAlpha(hbuffer, &rc, 255);
EndBufferedPaint(hbuffer, TRUE);
EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
return 0;
case WM_NCACTIVATE:
return 0;
case WM_NCCALCSIZE:
if (lParam)
NCCALCSIZE_PARAMS* sz = (NCCALCSIZE_PARAMS*)lParam;
sz->rgrc[0].left += border_thickness.left;
sz->rgrc[0].right -= border_thickness.right;
sz->rgrc[0].bottom -= border_thickness.bottom;
return 0;
break;
case WM_NCHITTEST:
//do default processing, but allow resizing from top-border
LRESULT result = DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
if (result == HTCLIENT)
POINT pt = GET_X_LPARAM(lParam), GET_Y_LPARAM(lParam) ;
ScreenToClient(hwnd, &pt);
if (pt.y < border_thickness.top) return HTTOP;
return result;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
int WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, PWSTR, int)
const wchar_t CLASS_NAME[] = L"Sample Window Class";
WNDCLASS wc = ;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;
RegisterClass(&wc);
CreateWindowEx(0, CLASS_NAME, NULL,
WS_VISIBLE | WS_THICKFRAME | WS_POPUP,
10, 10, 600, 400, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
MSG msg = ;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
return 0;
为了与 Windows Vista/7/8 兼容，请改用此过程。这将在左/上/下边框以及上边框上绘制。此窗口将显示为一个简单的矩形，并调整边框：
//for Windows Vista, 7, 8, 10
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
static RECT border_thickness;
switch (uMsg)
case WM_CREATE:
//find border thickness
SetRectEmpty(&border_thickness);
if (GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) & WS_THICKFRAME)
AdjustWindowRectEx(&border_thickness, GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) & ~WS_CAPTION, FALSE, NULL);
border_thickness.left *= -1;
border_thickness.top *= -1;
else if (GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) & WS_BORDER)
SetRect(&border_thickness, 1, 1, 1, 1);
MARGINS margins = 0 ;
DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea(hwnd, &margins);
SetWindowPos(hwnd, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_SHOWWINDOW | SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_FRAMECHANGED);
break;
case WM_PAINT:
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
RECT rc = ps.rcPaint;
BP_PAINTPARAMS params = sizeof(params), BPPF_NOCLIP | BPPF_ERASE ;
HDC memdc;
HPAINTBUFFER hbuffer = BeginBufferedPaint(hdc, &rc, BPBF_TOPDOWNDIB, ¶ms, &memdc);
my_paint(memdc, rc);
BufferedPaintSetAlpha(hbuffer, &rc, 255);
EndBufferedPaint(hbuffer, TRUE);
EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
return 0;
case WM_NCACTIVATE:
return 0;
case WM_NCCALCSIZE:
if (lParam)
return 0;
case WM_NCHITTEST:
POINT pt = GET_X_LPARAM(lParam), GET_Y_LPARAM(lParam) ;
ScreenToClient(hwnd, &pt);
RECT rc;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rc);
enum left=1, top=2, right=4, bottom=8;
int hit = 0;
if (pt.x < border_thickness.left) hit |= left;
if (pt.x > rc.right - border_thickness.right) hit |= right;
if (pt.y < border_thickness.top) hit |= top;
if (pt.y > rc.bottom - border_thickness.bottom) hit |= bottom;
if (hit & top && hit & left) return HTTOPLEFT;
if (hit & top && hit & right) return HTTOPRIGHT;
if (hit & bottom && hit & left) return HTBOTTOMLEFT;
if (hit & bottom && hit & right) return HTBOTTOMRIGHT;
if (hit & left) return HTLEFT;
if (hit & top) return HTTOP;
if (hit & right) return HTRIGHT;
if (hit & bottom) return HTBOTTOM;
return HTCLIENT;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
【讨论】：
您的 Win7 兼容示例在框架周围没有阴影，有什么方法可以得到吗？ 您可以添加wc.style = CS_DROPSHADOW; 进行WNDCLASS 注册。这会在右侧和底部留下阴影。要在四周添加阴影，必须手动完成，例如使用 GDI+。
有时我仍然看到白色条纹。捕捉 WM_NCACTIVATE 修复了大多数情况，但有时当快速移动窗口时，它会出现白色条纹。我应该阻止任何其他 Windows 事件吗？
@BarmakShemirani 它删除了顶部的白色调整大小边框以及窗口的可调整性！我希望能够调整窗口大小。我正在使用 Win 10。我做错了什么？我正在使用您的代码
@Reza 你可能没有为你的窗口添加WS_THICKFRAME 样式以上是关于创建没有标题栏的窗口，具有可调整大小的边框并且没有虚假的 6px 白色条纹的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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