如何解释 php_uname 的输出

Posted 2023-02-18

【中文标题】如何解释 php_uname 的输出

【英文标题】：How do I interpret the output of php_uname

【发布时间】：2014-02-03 11:14:27

【问题描述】：

从manual我得到了信息：

mode is a single character that defines what information is returned:

    'a': This is the default. Contains all modes in the sequence "s n r v m".
    's': Operating system name. eg. FreeBSD.
    'n': Host name. eg. localhost.example.com.
    'r': Release name. eg. 5.1.2-RELEASE.
    'v': Version information. Varies a lot between operating systems.
    'm': Machine type. eg. i386.

所以我创建了一个函数

function interpret_php_uname()
    $release_info["os_name"] = php_uname('s');
    $release_info["uname_version_info"] = php_uname('v');
    $release_info["machine_type"] = php_uname('m');
    $release_info["php_uname"] = php_uname();
    return $release_info;

有没有办法从我在 Ubuntu 上的 uname 获得更多有用的信息？

Linux geisterhaufen 3.11.0-15-generic #23-Ubuntu SMP Mon Dec 9 18:17:04 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

尤其是从我机器上的“uname_version_info”部分找出发行版（漂亮的“Ubuntu 13.10”）：

#23-Ubuntu SMP Mon Dec 9 18:17:04 UTC 2013

【问题讨论】：

至少在版本方面，r 标志没有给你你想要的吗？

没有。那是内核版本

【参考方案1】：

<?php
function interpret_php_uname()
    $release_info["os_name"] = php_uname('s');
    $release_info["uname_version_info"] = php_uname('v');
    $release_info["machine_type"] = php_uname('m');
    $release_info["kernel"] = php_uname('r');
    $release_info["php_uname"] = php_uname();

    $distribution["4.10"]=array("Warty Warthog", "2.6.8");
    $distribution["5.04"]=array("Hoary Hedgehog", "2.6.10");
    $distribution["5.10"]=array("Breezy Badger", "2.6.12");
    $distribution["6.06"]=array("Dapper Drake", "2.6.15");
    $distribution["6.10"]=array("Edgy Eft", "2.6.17");
    $distribution["7.04"]=array("Feisty Fawn", "2.6.20");
    $distribution["7.10"]=array("Gutsy Gibbon", "2.6.22");
    $distribution["8.04"]=array("Hardy Heron", "2.6.24");
    $distribution["8.10"]=array("Intrepid Ibex", "2.6.27");
    $distribution["9.04"]=array("Jaunty Jackalope", "2.6.28");
    $distribution["9.10"]=array("Karmic Koala", "2.6.31");
    $distribution["10.04"]=array("Lucid Lynx", "2.6.32");
    $distribution["10.10"]=array("Maverick Meerkat", "2.6.35");
    $distribution["11.04"]=array("Natty Narwhal", "2.6.38");
    $distribution["11.10"]=array("Oneiric Ocelot", "3.0");
    $distribution["12.04"]=array("Precise Pangolin", "3.2");
    $distribution["12.10"]=array("Quantal Quetzal", "3.5");
    $distribution["13.04"]=array("Raring Ringtail", "3.8");
    $distribution["13.10"]=array("Saucy Salamander", "3.11");
    $distribution["14.04"]=array("Trusty Tahr", "3.13");

    foreach($distribution as $distribution=>$name_kernel)
        list($name,$kernel)=$name_kernel;
        if(version_compare($release_info["kernel"],$kernel,'>=')) 
            $release_info["ubuntu_distribution"]=$distribution;
            $release_info["ubuntu_distribution_name"]=$name;
        
    

    return $release_info;

$release_info=interpret_php_uname();
var_export($release_info);

将打印例如：

array (
  'os_name' => 'Linux',
  'uname_version_info' => '#23-Ubuntu SMP Mon Dec 9 18:17:04 UTC 2013',
  'machine_type' => 'x86_64',
  'kernel' => '3.11.0-15-generic',
  'php_uname' => 'Linux geisterhaufen 3.11.0-15-generic #23-Ubuntu SMP Mon Dec 9 18:17:04 UTC 2013 x86_64',
  'ubuntu_distribution' => '13.10',
  'ubuntu_distribution_name' => 'Saucy Salamander',
)

【参考方案2】：

不，没有。 uname 函数仅报告有关正在运行的内核的信息——它不包含有关正在使用的 Linux 发行版的任何信息。内核版本可能有时会偶然包含发行版的名称，但并非总是如此。

根据所使用的 Linux 发行版，信息可能在 /etc 的各种文件中提供，包括但不限于：

/etc/os-release
/etc/debian_version
/etc/lsb-release
/etc/redhat-release

【讨论】：

所以如果我不能从 PHP 读取这些文件，对于 ubuntu 我需要一个匹配表，显示每个内核版本的最新分布