PyInstaller 与 Python：3.10.0b4 - ImportError：没有名为 _bootlocale 的模块

Posted 2023-02-18

【中文标题】PyInstaller 与 Python：3.10.0b4 - ImportError：没有名为 _bootlocale 的模块

【英文标题】：PyInstaller with Python: 3.10.0b4 - ImportError: No module named _bootlocale

【发布时间】：2021-09-28 05:09:12

【问题描述】：

我安装了 Python 10 的 Beta 4（我必须使用它，因为我需要仅在 v3.10 中提供的模式匹配功能）：

C:\Users\myname\Documents\Projects\Project Migration\SeleniumExamplePy>py -3 --version
Python 3.10.0b4

我确保我的 pyinstaller 是最新的：

    C:\Users\myname\Documents\Projects\Project Migration\SeleniumExamplePy>pip install --upgrade pyinstaller
Requirement already satisfied: pyinstaller in c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (4.4)
Requirement already satisfied: pefile>=2017.8.1 in c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from pyinstaller) (2021.5.24)
Requirement already satisfied: pyinstaller-hooks-contrib>=2020.6 in c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from pyinstaller) (2021.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pywin32-ctypes>=0.2.0 in c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from pyinstaller) (0.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from pyinstaller) (56.0.0)
Requirement already satisfied: altgraph in c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from pyinstaller) (0.17)
Requirement already satisfied: future in c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from pefile>=2017.8.1->pyinstaller) (0.18.2)

我在尝试将经过全面测试的 Python 代码转换为可执行文件时遇到 ImportError: No module named _bootlocale 错误：

**C:\Users\myname\Documents\Projects\Project Migration\SeleniumExamplePy>pyinstaller --onefile --clean ExtractRules.spec**
83 INFO: PyInstaller: 4.4
83 INFO: Python: 3.10.0b4
100 INFO: Platform: Windows-10-10.0.18363-SP0
110 INFO: UPX is not available.
110 INFO: Removing temporary files and cleaning cache in C:\Users\myname\AppData\Local\pyinstaller
113 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths
['C:\\Users\\myname\\Documents\\Projects\\Project '
 'Migration\\SeleniumExamplePy',
 'C:\\Users\\myname\\Documents\\Projects\\Project '
 'Migration\\SeleniumExamplePy']
126 INFO: checking Analysis
126 INFO: Building Analysis because Analysis-00.toc is non existent
126 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph...
126 INFO: Caching module graph hooks...
139 INFO: Analyzing base_library.zip ...
3449 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook distutils from 'c:\\users\\myname\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python310\\lib\\site-packages\\PyInstaller\\hooks\\pre_find_module_path\\hook-distutils.py'.
3449 INFO: distutils: retargeting to non-venv dir 'c:\\users\\myname\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python310\\lib'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\runpy.py", line 196, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\runpy.py", line 86, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "C:\Users\myname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\Scripts\pyinstaller.exe\__main__.py", line 7, in <module>
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\__main__.py", line 126, in run
    run_build(pyi_config, spec_file, **vars(args))
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\__main__.py", line 65, in run_build
    PyInstaller.building.build_main.main(pyi_config, spec_file, **kwargs)
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\building\build_main.py", line 758, in main
    build(specfile, kw.get('distpath'), kw.get('workpath'), kw.get('clean_build'))
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\building\build_main.py", line 705, in build
    exec(code, spec_namespace)
  File "ExtractRules.spec", line 7, in <module>
    a = Analysis(['ExtractRules.py'],
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\building\build_main.py", line 254, in __init__
    self.__postinit__()
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\building\datastruct.py", line 159, in __postinit__
    self.assemble()
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\building\build_main.py", line 354, in assemble
    self.graph = initialize_modgraph(
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\analysis.py", line 882, in initialize_modgraph
    graph = PyiModuleGraph(
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\analysis.py", line 122, in __init__
    self._analyze_base_modules()
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\analysis.py", line 289, in _analyze_base_modules
    self._base_modules = [mod
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\analysis.py", line 291, in <listcomp>
    for mod in self.import_hook(req)]
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\lib\modulegraph\modulegraph.py", line 1505, in import_hook
    target_package, target_module_partname = self._find_head_package(
  File "c:\users\myname\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\lib\modulegraph\modulegraph.py", line 1711, in _find_head_package
    raise ImportError("No module named " + target_package_name)
ImportError: No module named _bootlocale

我看了这条评论 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1899950 AzyCrw4282 发布链接以回应一个非常相似的问题PyInstaller - ImportError: No module named _bootlocale Victor Stinner 2021-01-19 10:25:32 UTC

发表声明

“哦，_bootlocale 是一个私有模块，不应该被导入 直接地。我删除它并用新的替换它 Python 3.10 中的 _locale._get_locale_encoding() 函数"

那么，如果模块被删除了，为什么最新的 pyinstaller 仍然试图将其拉入？ 是因为我使用的是 Python 3.10b4 并且 pyinstaller 还没有更新吗？ 有没有办法从可执行文件构建中排除 _bootlocale 模块以便能够构建可执行文件？

我对我的程序进行了详尽的测试，从 .py 运行时它没有问题。我不会调用任何直接引用 bootlocale 模块的东西，也不是 100% 确定它在从 3.10 中删除之前做了什么。

【问题讨论】：

请注意，作者可能已经在here解决了他的问题。

它的问题只在python中看到v3.10我安装了v3.7.6并且问题消失了。

【参考方案1】：

这是一个 python 3.10 兼容性问题，它被提到： https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/issues/5693

在命令行中添加--exclude-module _bootlocale 解决了我的问题。

【参考方案2】：

遇到同样的问题，你只需要安装pyinstaller，然后安装3.10支持。

用途：

pip install pyinstaller
pip install https://github.com/rokm/pyinstaller/archive/refs/heads/python-3.10.zip

【讨论】：

一切正常

我收到ERROR: HTTP error 404 while getting https://github.com/rokm/pyinstaller/archive/refs/heads/python-3.10.zip