为啥这个表创建脚本会给我错误？
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【中文标题】为啥这个表创建脚本会给我错误？【英文标题】：Why does this table-creation script give me errors?为什么这个表创建脚本会给我错误？ 【发布时间】：2009-04-20 19:06:11 【问题描述】：CREATE TABLE DEPARTMENTS (
dept_num NUMBER (8)
dept_name VARCHAR2 (20) NOT NULL,
dept_loc VARCHAR2 (25),
dept_phone CHAR (13),
CONSTRAINT dept_num_pk PRIMARY KEY (dept_num)
) ;
CREATE TABLE JOB_HISTORY (
rank CHAR (20),
date_attendance NUMERIC (10) NOT NULL,
fac_num INTEGER (8),
CONSTRAINT rank_pk PRIMARY KEY (rank),
CONSTRAINT fk_fac_num FOREIGN KEY (fac_num) REFERENCES FACULTY (fac_num)
) ;
CREATE TABLE FACULTY (
fac_num INTEGER (8),
fac_name CHAR (15) NOT NULL,
fac_last_name CHAR (15) NOT NULL,
street VARCHAR2 (30),
city VARCHAR2 (20),
state VARCHAR2 (2),
zip_code VARCHAR2 (10),
salary NUMERIC (6,2),
earn_ytd NUMERIC (6,2),
start_date DATE NOT NULL,
degree VARCHAR2 (15) NOT NULL,
field CHAR (15) NOT NULL,
curr_rank CHAR (20) NOT NULL ,
dept_num NUMBER (8),
CONSTRAINT fac_num_pk PRIMARY KEY (fac_num),
CONSTRAINT fk_curr_rank FOREIGN KEY (curr_rank) REFERENCES JOB_HISTORY (rank),
CONSTRAINT fk_dept_num FOREIGN KEY (dept_num) REFERENCES DEPARTMENTS (dept_num)
);
CREATE TABLE SPEAKING_TOPICS (
code CHAR (10),
title CHAR (20) NOT NULL,
last_given CHAR (20),
time_given NUMBER (3),
fac_num_fke INTEGER (8),
CONSTRAINT code_pk PRIMARY KEY (code),
CONSTRAINT fk_fac_num FOREIGN KEY (fac_num) REFERENCES FACULTY (fac_num)
) ;
CREATE TABLE FACULTY ( fac_num INTERG ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis -
3 0.08 CREATE TABLE JOB_HISTORY ( rank ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis -
4 0.09 CREATE TABLE SPEAKING_TOPICS ( code ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis
【问题讨论】：
我们可以去掉标题中的请帮助噪音吗？ 【参考方案1】：一些提示：
您不能对INTEGER 使用精度。使用INTEGER 而不是INTEGER(8)。 （INTEGER其实和NUMBER(38)是一样的，所以已经有了精度。）
DEPARTMENTS 表中dept_num 列后面缺少逗号。
您不能在尚不存在的表上创建外键约束。 CREATE TABLE JOB_HISTORY ... 语句尝试在 FACULTY 表上创建外键约束，但此时尚未创建 FACULTY 表。从CREATE TABLE JOB_HISTORY 语句中删除约束fk_fac_num。在创建表FACULTY 后，使用类似的东西添加约束
ALTER TABLE JOB_HISTORY ADD CONSTRAINT fk_fac_num ...
SPEAKING_TOPICS 中没有名为 fac_num_fke 的列。你的意思是fac_num吗？
所有约束都必须具有不同的名称。将SPEAKING_TOPICS 中的外键约束的名称更改为其他名称。
对您的 SQL 进行这些更改后，我能够运行它并成功创建表。
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：下面是一个更正的脚本，带有注释块来解释什么是错误的。
/*
A comma was missing
*/
create table departments (
dept_num number(8)
,dept_name varchar2(20) not null
,dept_loc varchar2(25)
,dept_phone char(13)
,constraint dept_num_pk primary key(dept_num)
);
/*
Don't specify INTEGER(8)... just say INTEGER.
Also, you can't reference the FACULTY table before you've created it.
I've made that constraint into a separate command,
after FACULTY is created.
*/
create table job_history(
rank char(20)
,date_attendance numeric(10) not null
,fac_num integer
,constraint rank_pk primary key(rank)
--,constraint fk_fac_num foreign key (fac_num) references faculty(fac_num)
);
/*
Same issue with the INTEGER precision.
*/
create table faculty(
fac_num integer
,fac_name char(15) not null
,fac_last_name char(15) not null
,street varchar2(30)
,city varchar2(20)
,state varchar2(2)
,zip_code varchar2(10)
,salary numeric(6,2)
,earn_ytd numeric(6,2)
,start_date date not null
,degree varchar2(15) not null
,field char(15) not null
,curr_rank char(20) not null
,dept_num number(8)
,constraint fac_num_pk
primary key(fac_num)
,constraint fk_curr_rank
foreign key(curr_rank)
references job_history(rank)
,constraint fk_dept_num
foreign key(dept_num)
references departments(dept_num)
);
/*
This line is new.
JOB_HISTORY has to wait until FACULTY exists before
referencing it.
*/
alter table job_history
add constraint fk_fac_num
foreign key(fac_num)
references faculty(fac_num);
/*
The INTEGER had a precision argument, again.
Also, the name of your foreign key on faculty(fac_num) was not unique; it
matched the one used by JOB_HISTORY to refer to faculty(fac_num).
I've modified the name of that constraint to make it unique.
Finally, the foreign_key had the wrong field name.
It needs to refer to the
local field name, whose name includes an "fke" @ the end
*/
create table speaking_topics(
code char(10)
,title char(20) not null
,last_given char(20)
,time_given number(3)
,fac_num_fke integer
,constraint code_pk primary key(code)
,constraint fk_spk_top_fac_num
foreign key(fac_num_fke)
references faculty(fac_num)
);
/*
If you want to DROP these tables, you must do so in a specific order,
since they reference each other.
You must also take an extra step to break the link btwn
JOB_HISTORY and FACULTY.
The below script will do it, but I've commented it out to avoid accidental
execution.
*/
--drop table speaking_topics;
--alter table job_history drop constraint fk_fac_num;
--drop table faculty;
--drop table job_history;
--drop table departments;
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：我不确定是否存在数据类型 INTERGER。
【讨论】：
【参考方案4】：您在 FACULTY 表定义中有错字：“INTERGER”而不是 INTEGER
在 JOB_HISTORY 中相同。
【讨论】：
【参考方案5】：Oracle 没有 INTEGER 数据类型。使用 NUMBER(10,0) 将保存 32 位整数样值。
Oracle 没有 NUMERIC 数据类型，您需要使用 NUMBER (8,2)。
这主要是拼写错误，但 Oracle 对其表数据类型非常挑剔。
【讨论】：
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