在 tomcat 上部署 grails 应用程序时创建名为“transactionManagerPostProcessor”的 bean 时出错

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【中文标题】在 tomcat 上部署 grails 应用程序时创建名为“transactionManagerPostProcessor”的 bean 时出错【英文标题】：Error creating bean with name 'transactionManagerPostProcessor' while deploying grails application on tomcat 【发布时间】：2013-09-04 03:06:06 【问题描述】：

我正在尝试在 tomcat 7.0.42 上部署我的 grails(2.2.1) 应用程序。所以我按照 grails 网站上的link 中给出的步骤进行操作。但是当我尝试从 Tomcat Web 应用程序管理器启动应用程序时，我在 Tomcat 控制台上看到以下错误日志：

    Error creating bean with name 'transactionManagerPostProcessor': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'hibernateProperties' while setting bean
property 'hibernateProperties'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.fa
ctory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'hibernateProperties'
: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dialectDetector' while setting bean property
 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect]; nested exception is org.springframew
ork.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dialectD
etector': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframew
ork.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while extracting DatabaseMetaDat
a; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create
 PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Locked by another p
rocess". Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use the server mode
[90020-164])
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean wit
h name 'transactionManagerPostProcessor': Initialization of bean failed; nested
exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error crea
ting bean with name 'transactionManager': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sess
ionFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is or
g.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with
name 'sessionFactory': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'hibernateProperties' wh
ile setting bean property 'hibernateProperties'; nested exception is org.springf
ramework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'hib
ernateProperties': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dialectDetector' while sett
ing bean property 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect]; nested exception is
 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean wi
th name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is
 org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while extractin
g DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedExcepti
on: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Lo
cked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use
 the server mode [90020-164])
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.
java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor
.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creati
ng bean with name 'transactionManager': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sessio
nFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is org.
springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with na
me 'sessionFactory': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'hibernateProperties' whil
e setting bean property 'hibernateProperties'; nested exception is org.springfra
mework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'hiber
nateProperties': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dialectDetector' while settin
g bean property 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect]; nested exception is o
rg.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with
 name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is o
rg.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while extracting
DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException
: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Lock
ed by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use t
he server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creati
ng bean with name 'sessionFactory': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'hibernateP
roperties' while setting bean property 'hibernateProperties'; nested exception i
s org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean w
ith name 'hibernateProperties': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dialectDetecto
r' while setting bean property 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect]; nested
 exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error cre
ating bean with name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method failed; nested
 exception is org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error wh
ile extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQL
NestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be alread
y in use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other conne
ction(s); use the server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creati
ng bean with name 'hibernateProperties': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'diale
ctDetector' while setting bean property 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect
]; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:
Error creating bean with name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method faile
d; nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException:
 Error while extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons
.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may
be already in use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all ot
her connection(s); use the server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creati
ng bean with name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method failed; nested ex
ception is org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while
 extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNes
tedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already i
n use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connecti
on(s); use the server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while
 extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNes
tedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already i
n use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connecti
on(s); use the server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableCon
nectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Locked by another process". Pos
sible solutions: close all other connection(s); use the server mode [90020-164])

        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createPoolableConnectionFacto
ry(BasicDataSource.java:1549)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSou
rce.java:1388)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource
.java:1044)
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Database may be already in use: "Locked
 by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use the
 server mode [90020-164]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:329)
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:169)
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:146)
        at org.h2.store.FileLock.getExceptionAlreadyInUse(FileLock.java:439)
        at org.h2.store.FileLock.lockFile(FileLock.java:336)
        at org.h2.store.FileLock.lock(FileLock.java:128)
        at org.h2.engine.Database.open(Database.java:542)
        at org.h2.engine.Database.openDatabase(Database.java:222)
        at org.h2.engine.Database.<init>(Database.java:217)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.openSession(Engine.java:56)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.openSession(Engine.java:159)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.createSessionAndValidate(Engine.java:138)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.createSession(Engine.java:121)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.createSession(Engine.java:28)
        at org.h2.engine.SessionRemote.connectEmbeddedOrServer(SessionRemote.jav
a:305)
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.<init>(JdbcConnection.java:110)
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.<init>(JdbcConnection.java:94)
        at org.h2.Driver.connect(Driver.java:72)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DriverConnectionFactory.createConnection(Driv
erConnectionFactory.java:38)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnectionFactory.makeObject(Poolable
ConnectionFactory.java:582)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.validateConnectionFactory(Bas
icDataSource.java:1556)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createPoolableConnectionFacto
ry(BasicDataSource.java:1545)
        ... 5 more
2013-08-31 19:17:32,185 [http-apr-8081-exec-4] ERROR context.GrailsContextLoader
  - Error initializing Grails: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager
PostProcessor': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springfra
mework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'trans
actionManager': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sessionFactory' while setting
bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.fa
ctory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory': Can
not resolve reference to bean 'hibernateProperties' while setting bean property
'hibernateProperties'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.Bea
nCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'hibernateProperties': Cannot
resolve reference to bean 'dialectDetector' while setting bean property 'propert
ies' with key [hibernate.dialect]; nested exception is org.springframework.beans
.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dialectDetector':
 Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.
support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested
 exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create Poolable
ConnectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Locked by another process".
Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use the server mode [90020-16
4])
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean wit
h name 'transactionManagerPostProcessor': Initialization of bean failed; nested
exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error crea
ting bean with name 'transactionManager': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sess
ionFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is or
g.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with
name 'sessionFactory': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'hibernateProperties' wh
ile setting bean property 'hibernateProperties'; nested exception is org.springf
ramework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'hib
ernateProperties': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dialectDetector' while sett
ing bean property 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect]; nested exception is
 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean wi
th name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is
 org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while extractin
g DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedExcepti
on: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Lo
cked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use
 the server mode [90020-164])
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.
java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor
.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creati
ng bean with name 'transactionManager': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sessio
nFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is org.
springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with na
me 'sessionFactory': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'hibernateProperties' whil
e setting bean property 'hibernateProperties'; nested exception is org.springfra
mework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'hiber
nateProperties': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dialectDetector' while settin
g bean property 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect]; nested exception is o
rg.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with
 name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is o
rg.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while extracting
DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException
: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Lock
ed by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use t
he server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creati
ng bean with name 'sessionFactory': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'hibernateP
roperties' while setting bean property 'hibernateProperties'; nested exception i
s org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean w
ith name 'hibernateProperties': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'dialectDetecto
r' while setting bean property 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect]; nested
 exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error cre
ating bean with name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method failed; nested
 exception is org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error wh
ile extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQL
NestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be alread
y in use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other conne
ction(s); use the server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creati
ng bean with name 'hibernateProperties': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'diale
ctDetector' while setting bean property 'properties' with key [hibernate.dialect
]; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:
Error creating bean with name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method faile
d; nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException:
 Error while extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons
.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may
be already in use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all ot
her connection(s); use the server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creati
ng bean with name 'dialectDetector': Invocation of init method failed; nested ex
ception is org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while
 extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNes
tedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already i
n use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connecti
on(s); use the server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.springframework.jdbc.support.MetaDataAccessException: Error while
 extracting DatabaseMetaData; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNes
tedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already i
n use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connecti
on(s); use the server mode [90020-164])
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableCon
nectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Locked by another process". Pos
sible solutions: close all other connection(s); use the server mode [90020-164])

        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createPoolableConnectionFacto
ry(BasicDataSource.java:1549)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSou
rce.java:1388)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource
.java:1044)
        ... 3 more
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Database may be already in use: "Locked
 by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use the
 server mode [90020-164]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:329)
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:169)
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:146)
        at org.h2.store.FileLock.getExceptionAlreadyInUse(FileLock.java:439)
        at org.h2.store.FileLock.lockFile(FileLock.java:336)
        at org.h2.store.FileLock.lock(FileLock.java:128)
        at org.h2.engine.Database.open(Database.java:542)
        at org.h2.engine.Database.openDatabase(Database.java:222)
        at org.h2.engine.Database.<init>(Database.java:217)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.openSession(Engine.java:56)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.openSession(Engine.java:159)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.createSessionAndValidate(Engine.java:138)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.createSession(Engine.java:121)
        at org.h2.engine.Engine.createSession(Engine.java:28)
        at org.h2.engine.SessionRemote.connectEmbeddedOrServer(SessionRemote.jav
a:305)
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.<init>(JdbcConnection.java:110)
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.<init>(JdbcConnection.java:94)
        at org.h2.Driver.connect(Driver.java:72)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DriverConnectionFactory.createConnection(Driv
erConnectionFactory.java:38)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnectionFactory.makeObject(Poolable
ConnectionFactory.java:582)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.validateConnectionFactory(Bas
icDataSource.java:1556)
        at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createPoolableConnectionFacto
ry(BasicDataSource.java:1545)
        ... 5 more
Aug 31, 2013 7:17:32 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
SEVERE: Error listenerStart
Aug 31, 2013 7:17:32 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
SEVERE: Context [/BskDPP2013ExcelImportToDatabase-0.1] startup failed due to pre
vious errors
Aug 31, 2013 7:17:32 PM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader clearRefere
ncesJdbc
SEVERE: The web application [/BskDPP2013ExcelImportToDatabase-0.1] registered th
e JDBC driver [org.h2.Driver] but failed to unregister it when the web applicati
on was stopped. To prevent a memory leak, the JDBC Driver has been forcibly unre
gistered.

应用程序在通过 run-app 命令运行时（在 intellij 中）工作正常。

此外，如果我们从日志中看到这一行：Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Database may be already in use: "Locked by another process". Possible solutions: close all other connection(s); use the server mode [90020-164])，它表示数据库正在被其他进程使用。但是，这不可能发生，因为数据库是 Grails 应用程序内部的 HSQLDB，并且没有使用其他外部 DBMS。

我肯定会赞成（如果它是最终的，也接受）任何解决（或至少给出解决方向）上述问题的解决方案。

编辑： 这是我的 DataSource.groovy

dataSource 
    pooled = true
    driverClassName = "org.h2.Driver"
    username = "sa"
    password = ""

hibernate 
    cache.use_second_level_cache = true
    cache.use_query_cache = false
    cache.region.factory_class = 'net.sf.ehcache.hibernate.EhCacheRegionFactory'

// environment specific settings
environments 
    development 
        dataSource 
            dbCreate = "update" // one of 'create', 'create-drop', 'update', 'validate', ''
            url = "jdbc:h2:mem:devDb;MVCC=TRUE;LOCK_TIMEOUT=10000"

        
    
    test 
        dataSource 
            dbCreate = "update"
            url = "jdbc:h2:mem:testDb;MVCC=TRUE;LOCK_TIMEOUT=10000"
        
    
    production 
        dataSource 
            dbCreate = "update"
            url = "jdbc:h2:file:prodDb;MVCC=TRUE;LOCK_TIMEOUT=10000"
            pooled = true
            properties 
               maxActive = -1
               minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=1800000
               timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=1800000
               numTestsPerEvictionRun=3
               testOnBorrow=true
               testWhileIdle=true
               testOnReturn=true
               validationQuery="SELECT 1"

【问题讨论】：

显示DataSource.groovy。 @dmahapatro 查看编辑。 您是否有其他配置相同的 grails 应用程序部署到 Tomcat？可以尝试将内存中的prodDb改成prodDb1，然后部署到Tomcat上使用吗？ @dmahapatro 不，我没有在 Tomcat 中部署其他 grails 应用程序。我也尝试将 prodDb 更改为 prodDb1。但同样的结果。 【参考方案1】： 
url = "jdbc:h2:file:prodDb;MVCC=TRUE;LOCK_TIMEOUT=10000"

指的是 H2 file 数据库。如果您的意图不是引用文件数据库，您可以尝试在内存中使用prodDb 吗？

url = "jdbc:h2:prodDb;MVCC=TRUE;LOCK_TIMEOUT=10000"

【讨论】：

您指的是 url = "jdbc:h2:mem:prodDb;MVCC=TRUE;LOCK_TIMEOUT=10000"...'mem' 在上面的答案中丢失...【参考方案2】：

因为“grails war”命令默认使用DataSource.groovy 中定义的生产 环境生成war 文件。也许生产数据库还没有工作，所以你可以尝试运行“grails test war”来与你的测试数据库建立战争。

【讨论】：

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