Android 使用 mailto 和 tel 打开下载和 URL 时出现问题

Posted 2023-05-07

【中文标题】Android 使用 mailto 和 tel 打开下载和 URL 时出现问题

【英文标题】：Android problems opening downloads and urls with mailto and tel

【发布时间】：2017-06-13 04:47:50

【问题描述】：

所以我遇到了一个问题，我的 webapp 在 android studio 的 webview 中运行。

我希望像 pdf 文件一样下载并在手机上的本机应用程序中打开。使用 android studio 的下载管理器可以正常工作。 我也有以“mailto：”和“tel：”开头的链接，当我不覆盖方法“shouldOverrideUrlLoading”时，这些链接会给我一个错误，我可以在其中检查它是什么类型的 url。然后打开propper inten。

因此，当我将 2 下载管理器和扩展 WebViewClient 的自定义 NavigationHandler 结合起来时，它无法按预期工作。

为了更好地了解正在发生的事情。

当我点击一个带有 pdf 文件的按钮时，它会下载该文件并显示一条 toast 消息，并使用手机上的本机应用程序打开该文件。这没有覆盖“shouldOverrideURLLoading”，也没有我扩展 WebViewClient 的类。

当我还使用自己的 NavigationHandler 女巫从 WebViewClient 扩展时， 我的带有“mailto：”和“tel：”的网址在手机上使用本机应用程序打开。 当我现在点击一个带有 pdf 文件的按钮时，它会在浏览器中打开以供下载。女巫我不要。我尝试了很多方法来解决问题，但直到现在都没有成功。

我在 WebViewClient 中运行一个网站应用程序。

附：对不起，糟糕的代码，但它对我来说是新的，还没有找到我在 Android Studio 中编码的方式。

我的 NavigationHandler 类

package nl.firejob.selector;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.webkit.WebViewClient;

public class NavigationHandler extends WebViewClient 

    private static final String TEL_PREFIX = "tel:";
    private static final String MAILTO_PREFIX = "mailto:";

    @Override
    public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) 

        if ( url.startsWith( TEL_PREFIX ) ) 
            // This is a tel link, which should be opened with the native thing.
            Intent tel = new Intent( Intent.ACTION_DIAL, Uri.parse( url ) );

            view.getContext().startActivity( tel );
            return true;
         else if ( url.startsWith( MAILTO_PREFIX ) ) 
            // This is a mail link, which should be opened with the other native thing.
            Intent mail = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
            mail.setType("message/rfc822");
            mail.setData(Uri.parse( url ));

            view.getContext().startActivity( mail );
            return true;
         else if ( Uri.parse(url).getHost().startsWith("myurl.com") ) 
            // This is what we want to show in the app, so let the WebView handle it.
            return false;
        

        // Otherwise, the link is not for a page on my site, so launch another Activity that handles URLs
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse( url ) );

        view.getContext().startActivity( intent );
        return true;
    

我的 MainActivity 类

package nl.firejob.selector;

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.DownloadManager;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;

import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.webkit.DownloadListener;
import android.webkit.WebSettings;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity 

    private WebView mWebView;
    private DownloadManager dm;
    private Long myDownloadReference;
    private BroadcastReceiver receiveDownloadComplete;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);

        // Allow webview to use javascript
        WebSettings webSettings = mWebView.getSettings();
        webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);


        // Stop local links/redirects from opening in browser instead of WebView
        mWebView.setWebViewClient(new NavigationHandler() 

            @Override
            public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) 
                // Show the webview
                findViewById(R.id.webView).setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

                // Hide splashscreen objects
                findViewById(R.id.imageLogo).setVisibility(View.GONE);
                findViewById(R.id.textLogo).setVisibility(View.GONE);
            

        );

        mWebView.setDownloadListener(new DownloadListener() 

            @Override
            public void onDownloadStart(String url, String userAgent, String contentDisposition, String mimetype, long contentLength) 

                if( haveStoragePermission()) 

                    Log.i("download url",url);

                    //for downloading directly through download manager
                    DownloadManager.Request request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(url));

                    request.allowScanningByMediaScanner();
                    request.setVisibleInDownloadsUi(true);
                    request.setDescription("Doorvoerboek").setTitle("doorvoerboek.pdf");
                    request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE_NOTIFY_COMPLETED);
                    request.setDestinationInExternalPublicDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS, "doorvoerboek.pdf");
                    dm = (DownloadManager) getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);

                    myDownloadReference = dm.enqueue(request);

                    IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter( dm.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE);


                    receiveDownloadComplete = new BroadcastReceiver()

                        @Override
                        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 

                            long reference = intent.getLongExtra(DownloadManager.EXTRA_DOWNLOAD_ID, -1);

                            if (myDownloadReference == reference) 
                                DownloadManager.Query query = new DownloadManager.Query();
                                query.setFilterById(reference);
                                Cursor cursor = dm.query(query);
                                cursor.moveToFirst();
                                int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_STATUS);
                                int status = cursor.getInt(columnIndex);
                                int fileNameIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_TITLE);
                                String saveFilePath = cursor.getString(fileNameIndex);
                                Log.i("filename",saveFilePath);
                                int columnReason = cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_REASON);
                                int reason = cursor.getInt(columnReason);

                                switch (status)
                                    case DownloadManager.STATUS_SUCCESSFUL:
                                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Download Complete", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                                        Log.i("dir", Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getAbsolutePath() );

                                        File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getAbsolutePath() +"/doorvoerboek.pdf");
                                        Intent intentView = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
                                        intentView.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file),"application/pdf");
                                        intentView.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY);
                                        startActivity(intentView);
                                        break;
                                

                            

                        

                    ;

                    registerReceiver(receiveDownloadComplete,intentFilter);
                
            

        );



        mWebView.loadUrl("http://myurl.com/");

    


    public  boolean haveStoragePermission() 
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) 
            if (checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                    == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) 
                Log.e("Permission error","You have permission");
                return true;
             else 

                Log.e("Permission error","You have asked for permission");
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, 1);
                return false;
            
        
        else  //you dont need to worry about these stuff below api level 23
            Log.e("Permission error","You already have the permission");
            return true;
        
    



    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) 
        if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && mWebView.canGoBack()) 
            //if Back key pressed and webview can navigate to previous page
            mWebView.goBack();
            // go back to previous page
            return true;
        
        else
        
            finish();
            // finish the activity
        
        return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
    

【参考方案1】：

此代码下载任何文件。

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    webview = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);
    spinner = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar1);
    webview.setWebViewClient(new CustomWebViewClient());

    webview.getSettings().setUseWideViewPort(true);
    webview.getSettings().setLoadWithOverviewMode(true);

    webview.getSettings().setBuiltInZoomControls(true);
    webview.getSettings().setDisplayZoomControls(false);

    webview.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
    webview.getSettings().setDomStorageEnabled(true);
    webview.setOverScrollMode(WebView.OVER_SCROLL_NEVER);
    webview.loadUrl("http://www.website.com");


//Download file code ***.com
    webview.setDownloadListener(new DownloadListener() 
        @Override
        public void onDownloadStart(String url, String userAgent,
                                    String contentDisposition, String mimetype,
                                    long contentLength) 

            DownloadManager.Request request = new  DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(url));
            request.allowScanningByMediaScanner();
            request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE_NOTIFY_COMPLETED);
            DownloadManager dm = (DownloadManager) getSystemService(Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
            dm.enqueue(request);

            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "downloading",
                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();



        

    );
// Download section of code

  // Close of onCreate




 // mailto code  ***.com
    @Override
    public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) 

        if( url.startsWith("http:") || url.startsWith("https:") ) 
            return false;
        
        // Otherwise allow the OS to handle it
        else if (url.startsWith("tel:")) 
            Intent tel = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, Uri.parse(url));
            startActivity(tel);
            return true;
        
        else if (url.startsWith("mailto:")) 

            String body = "Enter your Question, Enquiry or Feedback below:\n\n";
            Intent mail = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);

            Intent intent = mail.setType("application/octet-stream");
            MailTo recipient = MailTo.parse(url);
            mail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[]recipient.getTo());
            mail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Contact");
            mail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body);
            startActivity(mail);
            return true;
        
        return true;
    


// mailto section of code