数据传输对象 (dto):Hibernate 重复表映射
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【中文标题】数据传输对象 (dto):Hibernate 重复表映射【英文标题】:Data Transfer Object (dto): Hibernate duplicate table mapping 【发布时间】:2015-05-06 08:29:44 【问题描述】:我有一些大型 JPA (Hibernate) 实体,我想在一个大列表中显示它们。为了获得合理的性能并避免大量'joins',我想为我的实体创建一些 DTO。
实体有一个超类,所以我使用“表每类继承映射”:
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
对于 DTO,我使用了相同的 JPA 映射注释,但排除了较大的字段。但这会导致异常:
org.hibernate.DuplicateMappingException: Duplicate table mapping
完整的堆栈跟踪:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:74)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:116)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:82)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:212)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:199)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:251)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:253)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:216)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:82)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:60)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:67)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:162)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:252)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:141)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class org.nuytsm.HibernateDtoDuplicateTableMapping.springconfig.SpringOrmConfig: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: PU] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1568)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:540)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:229)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:298)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:956)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:747)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:480)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:125)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:108)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:260)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:63)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:83)
... 31 more
Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: PU] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.persistenceException(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1239)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.access$600(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:120)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:855)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:845)
at org.hibernate.boot.registry.classloading.internal.ClassLoaderServiceImpl.withTccl(ClassLoaderServiceImpl.java:398)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:844)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:60)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:341)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:318)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1627)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1564)
... 46 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.DuplicateMappingException: Duplicate table mapping SubClass1
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration$MappingsImpl.addDenormalizedTable(Configuration.java:2965)
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.TableBinder.buildAndFillTable(TableBinder.java:289)
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.TableBinder.buildAndFillTable(TableBinder.java:339)
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.EntityBinder.bindTable(EntityBinder.java:594)
at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder.bindClass(AnnotationBinder.java:677)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration$MetadataSourceQueue.processAnnotatedClassesQueue(Configuration.java:3845)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration$MetadataSourceQueue.processMetadata(Configuration.java:3799)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.secondPassCompile(Configuration.java:1412)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1846)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:852)
... 54 more
是的,异常说明了我想要实现的目标:-)。
实体:
超类:
@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
public class SuperClass
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE)
@Column(name = "SID", nullable = false)
private Long id;
@Column(name = "NAME")
private String name;
子类1:
@Entity
@Table(name = "SubClass1")
public class SubClass1 extends SuperClass
@Column(name="LONGSTRING")
@Lob
private String tooLongStringSoINeedDTO;
子类2:
@Entity
@Table(name = "SubClass2")
public class SubClass2 extends SuperClass
@Column(name="BYTEARRAY")
@Lob
private byte[] someBigArray;
超类DTO:
@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
public class SuperClassDto
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE)
@Column(name = "SID", nullable = false)
private Long id;
@Column(name = "NAME")
private String name;
SubClass1DTO:
@Entity
@Table(name = "SubClass1")
public class SubClass1Dto extends SuperClassDto
子类2DTO:
@Entity
@Table(name = "SubClass2")
public class SubClass2Dto extends SuperClassDto
我不厌其烦地制作了一个最小的github maven project 来说明这个问题,请随意尝试。您可以运行 OrmTest junit 测试来获取异常。
任何建议都将不胜感激。 谢谢
【问题讨论】:
添加完整的堆栈跟踪以便更好地理解。 很抱歉,它现在已包含在内。 这应该可以工作,只要你不让休眠创建你的表。但是有一个问题,您为什么将 DTO 创建为实体?为什么不将它们保留为简单的 POJO 并在查询中使用 constructor expressions,例如select new mypackage.Subclass1DTO(sc1) from Subclass1 sc where ...
我正在使用 Spring Data JPA。所以我想为这些 DTO 提供一些 spring 数据存储库。所以他们应该是实体不是吗?而且不管怎样,我想尽量避免写纯sql。
您仍然可以使用 Spring Data 存储库,但您必须对所有方法使用 @Query
,因为据我所知,它们不支持构造函数表达式。这不是 SQL,它是完全合法且记录在案的 JPQL,请查看我在之前评论中发布的链接。
【参考方案1】:
这可以通过使用 @ Embedded 和 @ Embeddable 注释来实现。
例如:
@Entity
public class Employee
@Embedded
private EmployeeDetails details;
@Embeddable
public class EmployeeDetails
您还可以在超类中创建一个仅包含必填字段的嵌入类。 从而消除了创建 DTO 的开销。
或
如果您更喜欢使用 XML 映射,那么
<!-- Hibernate Mapping 1 -->
<class name="com.SubClass1" table="SubClass1_Table">
<!-- Hibernate Mapping 2 -->
<class name="com.SubClass1" table="SubClass1_Table">
【讨论】:
一旦我从数据库加载员工,嵌入的员工详细信息也默认加载?所以我最终不会得到同样的重物吗? 默认情况下,它们可用于 Employee 对象,但您可以使用 @Basic(fetch=FetchType.LAZY) 根据需要获取 Embedded 对象。 非常感谢,这是我实现我想做的最接近的目标。【参考方案2】:您对两个不同的类使用相同的表名。例外情况也说明了这一点。
DTO-s 不是实体。删除那些注释。我假设,SuperClassDTO
也不是一个实体。 (你有一个名为SUPER_CLASS_DTO
的表吗?)
我认为您应该将@MappedSuperclass
用于基本实体,将@Entity
用于子类。然后,DTO-s 应该扩展超类,没有任何注释。
要了解区别,check this answer
编辑
超类:
@MappedSuperclass
public class SuperClass
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE)
@Column(name = "SID", nullable = false)
private Long id;
@Column(name = "NAME")
private String name;
子类1:
@Entity
@Table(name = "SubClass1")
public class SubClass1 extends SuperClass
@Column(name="LONGSTRING")
@Lob
private String tooLongStringSoINeedDTO;
子类2:
@Entity
@Table(name = "SubClass2")
public class SubClass2 extends SuperClass
@Column(name="BYTEARRAY")
@Lob
private byte[] someBigArray;
超类DTO:
删除
SubClass1DTO:
public class SubClass1Dto extends SuperClass
子类2DTO:
public class SubClass2Dto extends SuperClass
【讨论】:
Idd,它们不是真正的实体,没有表 super_class_dto。但是使用完整的实体会破坏制作 dto 的意义。我不想加载完整的实体对象,只加载我真正需要的字段。 是的,这就是为什么你应该扩展超类:public class SubClassDto extends SuperClass
。那么 DTO 将不包含 @Clob
例如
但是 subclassdto 仍然会映射到与子类相同的表?
你不需要SuperClassDto
我试过了,和以前一样的错误,因为subclassdto仍然指向与子类相同的表。所以也许我必须按照 Predrag Maric 的建议删除实体注释,但是我不能使用 spring data jpa 存储库..以上是关于数据传输对象 (dto):Hibernate 重复表映射的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
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