SQL Server 2014 合并重叠日期范围

Posted 2023-03-29

【中文标题】SQL Server 2014 合并重叠日期范围

【英文标题】：SQL Server 2014 Merging Overlapping Date Ranges

【发布时间】：2017-12-23 07:23:56

【问题描述】：

我在 SQL Server 2014 数据库中有一个包含 200.000 行的表，如下所示：

CREATE TABLE DateRanges
(
     Contract VARCHAR(8),
     Sector VARCHAR(8),
     StartDate DATE,
     EndDate DATE
);

INSERT INTO DateRanges (Contract, Sector, StartDate, Enddate)
   SELECT '111', '999', '01-01-2014', '03-31-2014'
   union
   SELECT '111', '999', '04-01-2014', '06-30-2014'
   union
   SELECT '111', '999', '07-01-2014', '09-30-2014'
   union
   SELECT '111', '999', '10-01-2014', '12-31-2014'
   union
   SELECT '111', '888', '08-01-2014', '08-31-2014'
   union
   SELECT '111', '777', '08-15-2014', '08-31-2014'
   union
   SELECT '222', '999', '01-01-2014', '03-31-2014'
   union
   SELECT '222', '999', '04-01-2014', '06-30-2014'
   union
   SELECT '222', '999', '07-01-2014', '09-30-2014'
   union
   SELECT '222', '999', '10-01-2014', '12-31-2014'
   union
   SELECT '222', '666', '11-01-2014', '11-30-2014'
   UNION
   SELECT '222', '555', '11-15-2014', '11-30-2014';

如您所见，每份合同可能有多个重叠，我想要的是这样的结果

    Contract   Sector   StartDate     EndDate
    ---------------------------------------------
    111        999      01-01-2014    07-31-2014
    111        888      08-01-2014    08-14-2014
    111        777      08-15-2014    08-31-2014
    111        999      09-01-2014    12-31-2014

    222        999      01-01-2014    10-31-2014
    222        666      11-01-2014    11-14-2014
    222        555      11-15-2014    11-30-2014
    222        999      12-01-2014    12-31-2014

我不知道如何做到这一点，而且我在这个网站上看到的例子完全不适合我的问题。

【问题讨论】：

EndDate '07-31-2014' 是如何计算的？它不在您的数据中。

该日期不在数据中。它应该计算为开始具有不同部门的新日期范围之前的最后日期

类似的问题已经被问过很多次了，例如： ***.com/questions/2561130/…你可以试试这篇文章更深入的解释如何解决它：experts-exchange.com/articles/3952/…

我已经尝试了以上两个链接，但我似乎并没有按照我想要的方式得到它。如果有人可以用代码示例指导我，我将不胜感激

【参考方案1】：

这个答案使用了几种不同的技术。第一个是recursive-cte，它使用每个相关的cal_date 创建一个表，然后使用唯一的Contract 值获取cross apply'd，以获得这两个值的每个组合。第二个是window-functions 如lag 和row_number 来确定下面cmets 中详述的各种事物。最后，可能也是最重要的一点，gaps-and-islands 确定一个 Contract/Sector 组合何时结束，下一个组合何时开始。

答案：

--determine range of dates 
declare @bgn_dt date = (select min(StartDate) from DateRanges)
    , @end_dt date = (select max(EndDate) from DateRanges)

--use a recursive CTE to create a record for each day / Contract
; with dates as
    (
        select @bgn_dt as cal_date
        union all
        select dateadd(d, 1, a.cal_date) as cal_date
        from dates as a
        where a.cal_date < @end_dt
    )
select d.cal_date
, c.Contract
into #contract_dates
from dates as d
cross apply (select distinct Contract from DateRanges) as c
option (maxrecursion 0)

--Final Select
select f.Contract
, f.Sector
, min(f.cal_date) as StartDate
, max(f.cal_date) as EndDate
from (
    --Use the sum-over to obtain the Island Numbers
    select dr.Contract
    , dr.Sector
    , dr.cal_date
    , sum(dr.IslandBegin) over (partition by dr.Contract order by dr.cal_date asc) as IslandNbr
    from (
        --Determine if the record is the start of a new Island
        select a.Contract
        , a.Sector
        , a.cal_date
        , case when lag(a.Sector, 1, NULL) over (partition by a.Contract order by a.cal_date asc) = a.Sector then 0 else 1 end as IslandBegin
        from (
            --Determine which Contract/Date combinations are valid, and rank the Sectors that are in effect
            select cd.cal_date
            , dr.Contract
            , dr.Sector
            , dr.EndDate
            , row_number() over (partition by dr.Contract, cd.cal_date order by dr.StartDate desc) as ConractSectorRnk
            from #contract_dates as cd
            left join DateRanges as dr on cd.Contract = dr.Contract
                                      and cd.cal_date between dr.StartDate and dr.EndDate
            ) as a
        where a.ConractSectorRnk = 1
        and a.Contract is not null
        ) as dr
    ) as f
group by f.Contract
, f.Sector
, f.IslandNbr
order by f.Contract asc
, min(f.cal_date) asc

输出：

+----------+--------+------------+------------+
| Contract | Sector | StartDate  |  EndDate   |
+----------+--------+------------+------------+
|      111 |    999 | 2014-01-01 | 2014-07-31 |
|      111 |    888 | 2014-08-01 | 2014-08-14 |
|      111 |    777 | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-31 |
|      111 |    999 | 2014-09-01 | 2014-12-31 |
|      222 |    999 | 2014-01-01 | 2014-10-31 |
|      222 |    666 | 2014-11-01 | 2014-11-14 |
|      222 |    555 | 2014-11-15 | 2014-11-30 |
|      222 |    999 | 2014-12-01 | 2014-12-31 |
+----------+--------+------------+------------+

【讨论】：

感谢您的出色工作和麻烦回答我的问题