如何在 oracle 中使用 utl_file 写入文件

Posted 2023-03-27

【中文标题】如何在 oracle 中使用 utl_file 写入文件

【英文标题】：How to write to files using utl_file in oracle

【发布时间】：2010-09-20 09:38:01

【问题描述】：

如何使用 put 函数。我的程序不是用 put 编译的。但 putline 工作正常。我想在同一行打印

【问题讨论】：

当你说“不编译”的时候，想必有错误信息吧？让我们知道它说了什么会很方便。

【参考方案1】：

这是一个使用 UTL_FILE.PUT 和 UTL_FILE.PUT_LINE 调用的代码示例：

declare 
  fHandle  UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE;
begin
  fHandle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN('my_directory', 'test_file', 'w');

  UTL_FILE.PUT(fHandle, 'This is the first line');
  UTL_FILE.PUT(fHandle, 'This is the second line');
  UTL_FILE.PUT_LINE(fHandle, 'This is the third line');

  UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(fHandle);
EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS THEN
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Exception: SQLCODE=' || SQLCODE || '  SQLERRM=' || SQLERRM);
    RAISE;
end;

这个输出看起来像：

This is the first lineThis is the second lineThis is the third line

分享和享受。

【参考方案2】：

这是一个使用 UTL_File.putline 的强大函数，其中包括必要的错误处理。它还处理页眉、页脚和其他一些例外情况。

PROCEDURE usp_OUTPUT_ToFileAscii(p_Path IN VARCHAR2, p_FileName IN VARCHAR2, p_Input IN refCursor, p_Header in VARCHAR2, p_Footer IN VARCHAR2, p_WriteMode VARCHAR2) IS

              vLine VARCHAR2(30000);
              vFile UTL_FILE.file_type; 
              vExists boolean;
              vLength number;
              vBlockSize number;
    BEGIN

        UTL_FILE.fgetattr(p_path, p_FileName, vExists, vLength, vBlockSize);

                 FETCH p_Input INTO vLine;
         IF p_input%ROWCOUNT > 0
         THEN
            IF vExists THEN
               vFile := UTL_FILE.FOPEN_NCHAR(p_Path, p_FileName, p_WriteMode);
            ELSE
               --even if the append flag is passed if the file doesn't exist open it with W.
                vFile := UTL_FILE.FOPEN(p_Path, p_FileName, 'W');
            END IF;
            --GET HANDLE TO FILE
            IF p_Header IS NOT NULL THEN 
              UTL_FILE.PUT_LINE(vFile, p_Header);
            END IF;
            UTL_FILE.PUT_LINE(vFile, vLine);
            DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Record count > 0');

             --LOOP THROUGH CURSOR VAR
             LOOP
                FETCH p_Input INTO vLine;

                EXIT WHEN p_Input%NOTFOUND;

                UTL_FILE.PUT_LINE(vFile, vLine);

             END LOOP;


             IF p_Footer IS NOT NULL THEN 
                UTL_FILE.PUT_LINE(vFile, p_Footer);
             END IF;

             CLOSE p_Input;
             UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(vFile);
        ELSE
          DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Record count = 0');

        END IF; 


    EXCEPTION
       WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_PATH THEN 
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('invalid_path'); 
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
           RAISE;

       WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_MODE THEN 
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('invalid_mode'); 
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
           RAISE;

       WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_FILEHANDLE THEN 
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('invalid_filehandle'); 
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
           RAISE;

       WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_OPERATION THEN 
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('invalid_operation'); 
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
           RAISE;

       WHEN UTL_FILE.READ_ERROR THEN  
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('read_error');
           DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
           RAISE;

       WHEN UTL_FILE.WRITE_ERROR THEN 
          DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('write_error'); 
          DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
           RAISE;

       WHEN UTL_FILE.INTERNAL_ERROR THEN 
          DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('internal_error'); 
          DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
          RAISE;            
       WHEN OTHERS THEN
          DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('other write error'); 
          DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
          RAISE;
    END;

【参考方案3】：

您可以查看以下示例，了解如何在 PL/SQL 中使用 utl_file 进行记录/写入。

DECLARE
fhandle  utl_file.file_type;
BEGIN
fhandle := utl_file.fopen(
                   'UTL_DIR_***'-- File location
                 , 'Check_Logging.txt'    -- File name
                 , 'a'                    -- Open mode: a = append, w = write
                     );
utl_file.put(fhandle, '***' );
utl_file.fclose(fhandle);
END;

你可能面临的问题-

---

无效的目录对象

 Then you can create your own directory object and use the below query.

 create or replace directory UTL_DIR_*** as '/tmp/';

【参考方案4】：

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SP_EXPORT_TO_CSV(P_OWNER       VARCHAR2,
                                                            P_OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2,
                                                            P_FILE_NAME   VARCHAR2 --,
                                                            --   P_DELIMITED CHAR
                                                            ) AS

  -- declaration
  TYPE C_DATA_CURSOR IS REF CURSOR;
  C_DATA C_DATA_CURSOR;

  v_file        UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE;
  V_COLUMNS     VARCHAR2(32767);
  X             VARCHAR2(32767);
  V_FILE_NAME   VARCHAR2(2000);
  V_OWNER       VARCHAR2(100);
  V_OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2(1000);
  V_SQL         VARCHAR2(32767);
  V_DELIMITED   VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
  -- set value
  V_FILE_NAME   := P_FILE_NAME;
  V_OBJECT_NAME := P_OBJECT_NAME;
  V_OWNER       := P_OWNER;
  --V_DELIMITED:=P_DELIMITED;

  SELECT REPLACE(LISTAGG(COLUMN_NAME, '|') WITHIN
                 GROUP(ORDER BY COLUMN_ID),
                 '|',
                 ' || ' || '''|''' || ' || ')
    INTO V_COLUMNS
    FROM ALL_TAB_COLUMNS W
   WHERE W.TABLE_NAME = V_OBJECT_NAME
     AND W.OWNER = V_OWNER
   ORDER BY COLUMN_ID;

  -- SET OUTPUT PARAMETER --'EXPORTED_TO_TEXT_LOCATION'
  v_file := UTL_FILE.FOPEN(location     => 'MYLOCATION',
                           filename     => V_FILE_NAME,
                           open_mode    => 'w',
                           max_linesize => 32767);
  UTL_FILE.PUT_LINE(v_file, REPLACE(V_COLUMNS, ' || ''|'' || ', '|'));
  X := 'SELECT ' || V_COLUMNS || ' AS RECORD FROM ' || V_OWNER || '.' ||
       V_OBJECT_NAME;

  OPEN C_DATA FOR X;
  LOOP
    FETCH C_DATA
      INTO V_SQL;
    EXIT WHEN C_DATA%NOTFOUND;
    UTL_FILE.PUT_LINE(v_file, V_SQL);
  END LOOP;
  CLOSE C_DATA;

  UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(v_file);

 
END;