需要根据日期范围参数包含不同列的报告

Posted 2023-03-23

【中文标题】需要根据日期范围参数包含不同列的报告

【英文标题】：Need a report with varying columns depending on Date range parameter

【发布时间】：2015-04-27 15:18:47

【问题描述】：

我是 SQL 的新手。我目前正在开发一个 Oracle 数据库，并创建了一个根据日期范围参数提取数据的报告。

代码如下：

SELECT 
  DISTINCT C.CUSTOMER_CODE
, MS.SALESMAN_NAME
, SUM(C.REVENUE_AMT) Rev_Amt


FROM 
    C_REVENUE_ANALYSIS C
  , M_CUSTOMER_H MC
  , M_SALESMAN MS


WHERE C.COMPANY_CODE = 'W1'
  AND C.CUSTOMER_CODE = MC.CUSTOMER_CODE
  AND MC.SALESMAN_CODE = MS.SALESMAN_CODE
  AND trunc(C.REVENUE_DATE) between to_date(<STARTDATE>,'YYYYMMDD') and to_date(<ENDDATE>,'YYYYMMDD')
  AND MS.COMPANY_CODE = '00'

GROUP BY C.CUSTOMER_CODE, MS.SALESMAN_NAME

ORDER BY C.CUSTOMER_CODE, MS.SALESMAN_NAME

1 月 1 日至 4 月 30 日期间生成的报告是：

+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer   |Salesman Name |Revenue Amount|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 1 |Salesman 1    |       5000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 2 |Salesman 1    |       8000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 3 |Salesman 2    |        300.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 4 |Salesman 3    |        600.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 5 |Salesman 3    |       5000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 6 |Salesman 3    |       8000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 7 |Salesman 4    |       9000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 8 |Salesman 5    |       2000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer 9 |Salesman 6    |       1000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer10 |Salesman 6    |       5000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer11 |Salesman 7    |       6000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+
|Customer12 |Salesman 8    |       8000.00|
+-----------+--------------+--------------+

我需要显示从 1 月到 4 月每个月每个销售员的收入明细。

所以我希望结果如下所示：

+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer   |Salesman Name |Rev for Jan|Rev for Feb|Rev for Mar|Rev for Apr|Total Rev Amt|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 1 |Salesman 1    |    1000.00|    1000.00|    1000.00|    2000.00|      5000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 2 |Salesman 1    |    2000.00|    2000.00|    2000.00|    2000.00|      8000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 3 |Salesman 2    |     100.00|       0.00|     100.00|     100.00|       300.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 4 |Salesman 3    |     100.00|     200.00|     100.00|     200.00|       600.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 5 |Salesman 3    |    1000.00|    2000.00|    1000.00|    1000.00|      5000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 6 |Salesman 3    |    1000.00|    2000.00|    1000.00|    4000.00|      8000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 7 |Salesman 4    |    2000.00|    2000.00|    3000.00|    2000.00|      9000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 8 |Salesman 5    |     500.00|     400.00|     500.00|     600.00|      2000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer 9 |Salesman 6    |     200.00|     200.00|     200.00|     400.00|      1000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer10 |Salesman 6    |    1000.00|    1000.00|    2000.00|    1000.00|      5000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer11 |Salesman 7    |    2000.00|    2000.00|    1000.00|    1000.00|      6000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+
|Customer12 |Salesman 8    |    2000.00|    2000.00|    2000.00|    2000.00|      8000.00|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-------------+

现在，挑战：

列数需要根据日期范围而有所不同。例如; when Jan to April is selected, I should get 4 columns for revenue plus 1 column for Total revenue.当上一年的10月到今年4月份被选中时，我应该获得7列的收入加1栏，总收入。

【问题讨论】：

如果你在使用Oracle，那么不要标记为SQL Server！

感谢理查德的帮助。

您将需要使用解码，已删除我的答案，因为它不能满足您的要求

什么是“解码”以及如何使用它？谢谢你的回答。这是最明智的。

基于月份转换数据很容易，尤其是在您使用 11g 的情况下（但您也标记为 10g，这令人困惑）。但是，基于数据的动态列数并不容易；使用动态 SQL 是可能的，并且有一些聪明的解决方案，但它可能有点矫枉过正。您的报告能否显示今年剩余时间的零值列？

【参考方案1】：

您必须在 select & group by 中添加 trunc(C.REVENUE_DATE,'MM')。然后您的结果将按列显示。然后你必须做枢轴才能得到你所展示的。

SELECT 
  DISTINCT C.CUSTOMER_CODE
, MS.SALESMAN_NAME
, SUM(C.REVENUE_AMT) Rev_Amt
trunc(C.REVENUE_DATE,'MM')

from ...
...
where ...
GROUP BY C.CUSTOMER_CODE, MS.SALESMAN_NAME , trunc(C.REVENUE_DATE,'MM')

ORDER BY C.CUSTOMER_CODE, MS.SALESMAN_NAME

【讨论】：

感谢您的回复。我很感激。但是，当我按照您的建议添加该代码时，我只有一列给出了完整的日期。例如; 2015-01-01T00:00:00-08:00