如何在 django 中返回这个 JSON 而不会被转义？

Posted 2023-03-12

【中文标题】如何在 django 中返回这个 JSON 而不会被转义？

【英文标题】：How do I return this JSON in django without it being escaped?

【发布时间】：2018-03-08 14:47:39

【问题描述】：

在我的 Django 项目中，我试图返回 JsonResponse，但返回的数据正在“某处”转义。当我通过 Jupyter Notebook 运行代码时，我没有问题。我的 DataFrame 结构是：

---

我的 Django 响应读入我的 DataFrame pickle 并像这样处理它：

def API_FTEs_month(request, storeCode):
    df1=pd.read_pickle(storeCode+'.pickle')
    result=(df1.groupby(['Date','Job Role'], as_index=False)
        .apply(lambda i: i[['Department', 'Team', 'Days']].to_dict('r'))
         .reset_index()
         .rename(columns=0: 'Assignments')
         .to_json(orient='records'))
return JsonResponse(result, safe=False)

我不知道为什么，但是响应被这样转义了：

"[\"Date\":\"2017-12-31\",\"Job Role\":\"Junior\",\"Assignments\":[\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"A\",\"Days\":12.8311126233,\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"B\",\"Days\":9.7797036952,\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"C\",\"Days\":12.4532628859,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"A\",\"Days\":13.2005991473,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"B\",\"Days\":11.2217690247,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"C\",\"Days\":9.9799650502],\"Date\":\"2017-12-31\",\"Job Role\":\"Senior\",\"Assignments\":[\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"A\",\"Days\":12.3088204188,\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"B\",\"Days\":11.6027520428,\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"C\",\"Days\":8.4242249342,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"A\",\"Days\":10.2680664459,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"B\",\"Days\":10.7355819544,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"C\",\"Days\":14.4751405746],\"Date\":\"2018-01-31\",\"Job Role\":\"Junior\",\"Assignments\":[\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"A\",\"Days\":9.8390990646,\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"B\",\"Days\":7.8840336082,\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"C\",\"Days\":7.4098884623,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"A\",\"Days\":6.5804561812,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"B\",\"Days\":7.9109739164,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"C\",\"Days\":7.6766255979],\"Date\":\"2018-01-31\",\"Job Role\":\"Senior\",\"Assignments\":[\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"A\",\"Days\":5.9779944185,\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"B\",\"Days\":7.8300778676,\"Department\":\"Electronics\",\"Team\":\"C\",\"Days\":7.9050436379,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"A\",\"Days\":6.9225874658,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"B\",\"Days\":7.6001780124,\"Department\":\"Household\",\"Team\":\"C\",\"Days\":6.5897367619]]"

---

在 Jupyter Notebook 中重新创建尝试我似乎得到了有效的 JSON：

笔记本：

我假设这是我的 to_json() 或 JsonResponse 中的问题，但我已尝试将其他 JSON 尝试插入到我的 JsonResponse 中，例如以下内容，这给了我有效的 JSON（但不是所需的结构）无需转义：

def nested_dict():
    return collections.defaultdict(nested_dict)
result=nested_dict()

for row in df4.itertuples():
    result[row.Index[0]][row.Index[1]][row[1]][row[2]]['sales'] = row.Days

json.dumps(result)

【问题讨论】：

如果把to_json改成to_dict，效果如何？

JsonResponse 需要一个 Python 对象，该对象随后将被 JSON 编码。您已经在传递 JSON，从而生成 JSON 编码的 JSON。

天啊！谢谢你们！

【参考方案1】：

你需要改变：

.to_json(orient='records')

致to_dict:

.to_dict(orient='records')

为了防止双重编码json。

这在Klaus D.的评论中有更好的解释：

JsonResponse 需要一个 Python 对象，然后该对象将被 JSON 编码。您已经传入 JSON，导致 JSON 编码的 JSON。