运行 Brew Doctor 时的主要警告

Posted 2023-02-16

【中文标题】运行 Brew Doctor 时的主要警告

【英文标题】：Major Warnings when Running Brew Doctor

【发布时间】：2014-08-22 00:19:16

【问题描述】：

我运行brew doctor 并收到一些警告消息，我想我知道要采取哪些措施来修复，但想看看我是否走在正确的轨道上。以下是我收到的警告列表：

Warning: /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig isn't writable.

This can happen if you "sudo make install" software that isn't managed by
by Homebrew. If a formula tries to write a file to this directory, the
install will fail during the link step.

You should probably `chown` /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig

Warning: Some directories in /usr/local/share/man aren't writable.
This can happen if you "sudo make install" software that isn't managed
by Homebrew. If a brew tries to add locale information to one of these
directories, then the install will fail during the link step.
You should probably `chown` them:

    /usr/local/share/man/mann

Warning: Unbrewed dylibs were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected dylibs:
    /usr/local/lib/libtcl8.6.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libtk8.6.dylib

Warning: Unbrewed .pc files were found in /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .pc files:
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tcl.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tk.pc

Warning: Unbrewed static libraries were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected static libraries:
    /usr/local/lib/libtclstub8.6.a
    /usr/local/lib/libtkstub8.6.a

Warning: You have unlinked kegs in your Cellar
Leaving kegs unlinked can lead to build-trouble and cause brews that depend on
those kegs to fail to run properly once built. Run `brew link` on these:

    libyaml

对于第一种情况，我应该运行chown <user>/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig

Warning: /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig isn't writable.

    This can happen if you "sudo make install" software that isn't managed by
    by Homebrew. If a formula tries to write a file to this directory, the
    install will fail during the link step.

    You should probably `chown` /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig

然后chown <user>/usr/local/share/man/mann 发送下一条消息

Warning: Some directories in /usr/local/share/man aren't writable.
    This can happen if you "sudo make install" software that isn't managed
    by Homebrew. If a brew tries to add locale information to one of these
    directories, then the install will fail during the link step.
    You should probably `chown` them:

        /usr/local/share/man/mann

不确定如何处理这些有关删除文件的警告。 (???)

Warning: Unbrewed dylibs were found in /usr/local/lib.
    If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
    building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

    Unexpected dylibs:
        /usr/local/lib/libtcl8.6.dylib
        /usr/local/lib/libtk8.6.dylib

    Warning: Unbrewed .pc files were found in /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig.
    If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
    building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

    Unexpected .pc files:
        /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tcl.pc
        /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tk.pc

    Warning: Unbrewed static libraries were found in /usr/local/lib.
    If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
    building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

    Unexpected static libraries:
        /usr/local/lib/libtclstub8.6.a
        /usr/local/lib/libtkstub8.6.a

最后运行brew link libyaml？

Warning: You have unlinked kegs in your Cellar
    Leaving kegs unlinked can lead to build-trouble and cause brews that depend on
    those kegs to fail to run properly once built. Run `brew link` on these:

        libyaml

【参考方案1】：

要解决权限问题，您可以chown -R your_username /usr/local 递归更改/usr/local 下所有内容的所有权。

你应该brew link libyaml。

关于 dylibs 的警告告诉你，你有一个 Tcl/Tk 库安装到 /usr/local。如果您知道它是如何到达那里的并且您知道您不需要它，您可以卸载它。如果你不知道它是如何到达那里的，你可以重命名它的文件，这样构建就不会拾取它（如果你发现某些东西依赖于它们，你可以把它们放回去）。除非并且直到某些东西以与 Tk 相关的方式发生故障，否则将其留在原处可能很好；它可能永远不会给你带来麻烦。

【讨论】：

如果机器上有多个用户怎么办？当然，让一个用户拥有 /usr/local 的所有权是没有意义的。

在这种情况下，所有有权使用 Homebrew 安装软件的用户都必须具有对 Homebrew 前缀的写入权限。设置适当的组权限和 umask 应该可以正常工作。 Brewdo 是另一种使用专用 Homebrew 用户帐户的方法：github.com/zigg/brewdo 或者，用户可以在其用户文件夹中管理自己的安装。

谢谢蒂姆，这是有道理的。最好在 Homebrew 站点的安装帮助指南或常见问题解答中解释这些选项。介意我给他们发一个你评论的链接吗？

当然，我是 Homebrew 维护者。如果您想在github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/issues 上打开一个问题，那会很有帮助，谢谢！没有一个维护者在多用户配置中使用或测试 Homebrew（我认为这有点不寻常），所以我想花一点时间来确保它是健壮的，并具体弄清楚为组权限推荐哪些命令案例。

【参考方案2】：

我通过运行sudo chown <user>/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig、sudo chown <user>/usr/local/share/man/mann 解决了这个问题。

然后我删除了推荐的文件并运行brew link libyaml，一切都很好。