使用 PyInstaller 打包后 PySide2 应用程序中的路径错误
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【中文标题】使用 PyInstaller 打包后 PySide2 应用程序中的路径错误【英文标题】:Path error in PySide2 application after packaging with PyInstaller 【发布时间】:2019-07-24 15:00:39 【问题描述】:我正在尝试使用以下结构打包 PySide2 测试应用程序:
.
├── main.py
├── main.spec
└── wizardUI
├── 10.toolBoxBtns.ui
├── 11.toolBoxShrCt.ui
├── 12.propertyBox.ui
├── 13.printing.ui
├── 14.settings.ui
├── 15.coclusion.ui
├── 1.welcomePage.ui
├── 2.graphicsScene.ui
├── 3.graphicsSceneText.ui
├── 4.textDialog.ui
├── 5.codeDialog.ui
├── 6.graphicsSceneBox.ui
├── 7.graphicsScenePixmap.ui
├── 8.graphicsSceneShrCt.ui
├── 9.toolbox.ui
└── wizard.py
当我尝试运行可执行文件时出现此错误:
FileNotFoundError: 没有这样的文件或目录:'/home/artem/Desktop/testUI/dist/main/wizardUI'
这是我的 wizard.py 文件
from PySide2 import QtCore, QtWidgets
from PySide2.QtUiTools import QUiLoader
import os
class tutorWizard(QtWidgets.QWizard):
""" Contains introduction tutorial """
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(tutorWizard, self).__init__(parent)
self.setWindowTitle("Introduction tutorial")
pages = self.findPages()
self.initPages(pages)
def findPages(self):
ui_files = []
cnt = 1
current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
while len(ui_files) != 15:
for file in os.listdir(current_dir):
if file.startswith(".".format(cnt)):
ui_files.append(os.path.join(current_dir, file))
cnt += 1
return ui_files
def initPages(self, files):
loader = QUiLoader()
for i in files:
file = QtCore.QFile(str(i))
file.open(QtCore.QFile.ReadOnly)
file.reset()
page = loader.load(file)
file.close()
self.addPage(page)
main.py 是:
from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication
from wizardUI.wizard import tutorWizard
import sys
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = tutorWizard()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
.spec 文件是:
# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-
block_cipher = None
a = Analysis(['main.py'],
pathex=['/home/artem/Desktop/testUI'],
binaries=[],
datas=[],
hiddenimports=['PySide2.QtXml'],
hookspath=[],
runtime_hooks=[],
excludes=[],
win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
win_private_assemblies=False,
cipher=block_cipher,
noarchive=False)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
a.scripts,
[],
exclude_binaries=True,
name='main',
debug=False,
bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
strip=False,
upx=True,
console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
a.binaries,
a.zipfiles,
a.datas,
strip=False,
upx=True,
upx_exclude=[],
name='main')
a.datas += Tree('/home/artem/Desktop/testUI/wizardUI')
有没有办法在 wizard.py 中不更改 current_dir
变量来解决此错误?
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:您的代码存在以下问题:
您在 COLLECT 之后将 Tree()
添加到 a.datas 中,因此它不会在编译中使用,您必须在之前添加它。
您不能再使用 __file__ 来获取目录路径,而必须使用 sys._MEIPASS。
我还会给出以下改进:
为了使 .spec 具有可移植性,我将使用 SPECPATH 变量。 我添加了第二个参数“wizardUI”来创建带有 .ui 的字典,我还排除了wizard.py。综合以上情况,解决方法如下:
main.py
from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication
from wizardUI.wizard import tutorWizard
import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = tutorWizard()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
wizard.py
import os
import sys
from PySide2 import QtCore, QtWidgets, QtUiTools
# https://***.com/a/42615559/6622587
if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
# If the application is run as a bundle, the pyInstaller bootloader
# extends the sys module by a flag frozen=True and sets the app
# path into variable _MEIPASS'.
current_dir = os.path.join(sys._MEIPASS, "wizardUI")
else:
current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
class tutorWizard(QtWidgets.QWizard):
""" Contains introduction tutorial """
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(tutorWizard, self).__init__(parent)
self.setWindowTitle("Introduction tutorial")
pages = self.findPages()
self.initPages(pages)
def findPages(self):
ui_files = []
cnt = 1
while len(ui_files) < 15:
for file in os.listdir(current_dir):
if file.startswith(".".format(cnt)):
ui_files.append(os.path.join(current_dir, file))
cnt += 1
return ui_files
def initPages(self, files):
loader = QtUiTools.QUiLoader()
for i in files:
file = QtCore.QFile(str(i))
if file.open(QtCore.QFile.ReadOnly):
page = loader.load(file)
self.addPage(page)
main.spec
# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-
# https://***.com/a/50402636/6622587
import os
spec_root = os.path.abspath(SPECPATH)
block_cipher = None
a = Analysis(['main.py'],
pathex=[spec_root],
binaries=[],
datas=[],
hiddenimports=['PySide2.QtXml', 'packaging.specifiers', 'packaging.requirements'],
hookspath=[],
runtime_hooks=[],
excludes=[],
win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
win_private_assemblies=False,
cipher=block_cipher,
noarchive=False)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
a.scripts,
[],
exclude_binaries=True,
name='main',
debug=False,
bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
strip=False,
upx=True,
console=True )
a.datas += Tree(os.path.join(spec_root, 'wizardUI'), 'wizardUI', excludes=["*.py"])
coll = COLLECT(exe,
a.binaries,
a.zipfiles,
a.datas,
strip=False,
upx=True,
upx_exclude=[],
name='main')
另一种选择是使用Qt Resource
代替数据。
resource.qrc
<RCC>
<qresource prefix="/">
<file>wizardUI/1.welcomePage.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/2.graphicsScene.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/3.graphicsSceneText.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/4.textDialog.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/5.codeDialog.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/6.graphicsSceneBox.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/7.graphicsScenePixmap.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/8.graphicsSceneShrCt.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/9.toolbox.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/10.toolBoxBtns.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/11.toolBoxShrCt.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/12.propertyBox.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/13.printing.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/14.settings.ui</file>
<file>wizardUI/15.coclusion.ui</file>
</qresource>
</RCC>
然后使用 pyside2-rcc 将其转换为 .py:
pyside2-rcc resource.qrc -o resource_rc.py
然后你必须修改脚本:
main.py
from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication
from wizardUI.wizard import tutorWizard
import sys
import resource_rc
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = tutorWizard()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
wizard.py
from PySide2 import QtCore, QtWidgets, QtUiTools
class tutorWizard(QtWidgets.QWizard):
""" Contains introduction tutorial """
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(tutorWizard, self).__init__(parent)
self.setWindowTitle("Introduction tutorial")
pages = self.findPages()
self.initPages(pages)
def findPages(self):
ui_files = []
cnt = 1
while len(ui_files) < 15:
it = QtCore.QDirIterator(":/wizardUI")
while it.hasNext():
filename = it.next()
name = QtCore.QFileInfo(filename).fileName()
if name.startswith(".".format(cnt)):
ui_files.append(filename)
cnt += 1
return ui_files
def initPages(self, files):
loader = QtUiTools.QUiLoader()
for i in files:
file = QtCore.QFile(str(i))
if file.open(QtCore.QFile.ReadOnly):
page = loader.load(file)
self.addPage(page)
最后你的项目结构如下:
├── main.py
├── main.spec
├── resource.qrc
├── resource_rc.py
└── wizardUI
├── 10.toolBoxBtns.ui
├── 11.toolBoxShrCt.ui
├── 12.propertyBox.ui
├── 13.printing.ui
├── 14.settings.ui
├── 15.coclusion.ui
├── 1.welcomePage.ui
├── 2.graphicsScene.ui
├── 3.graphicsSceneText.ui
├── 4.textDialog.ui
├── 5.codeDialog.ui
├── 6.graphicsSceneBox.ui
├── 7.graphicsScenePixmap.ui
├── 8.graphicsSceneShrCt.ui
├── 9.toolbox.ui
└── wizard.py
两种解决方案都找到here
【讨论】:
感谢您的解决方案。不幸的是,打包后应用程序不起作用。它进入一个无限循环。杀死一个进程后,我不时收到以下错误File "wizardUI/wizard.py", line 19, in findPages while it.hasNext(): KeyboardInterrupt
[16227] Failed to execute script main
@Artem 您是否能够运行 main.py 而无需将其转换为可执行文件?
@Artem 这对我来说似乎很奇怪,它对我来说是正确的。我要寻找另一种选择【参考方案2】:
这是路径的问题,
简单来说,
我们应该使用这个条件来获取ui文件的路径:
if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
ui_file_path = os.path.join(sys._MEIPASS, ui_file)
else:
ui_file_path = os.path.join(sys.path[0], ui_file)
【讨论】:
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