Gatsby new 安装锐包失败

Posted 2023-03-06

【中文标题】Gatsby new 安装锐包失败

【英文标题】：Gatsby new fails to install the sharp package and breaks

【发布时间】：2020-03-14 02:35:17

【问题描述】：

我无法启动 gatsby 入门项目。 new 命令进程在初始化过程中发生故障，并导致错误和不可编译的项目。

命令如下：

> gatsby new gatsby-test

以下过程开始，在npm install期间尝试安装锐利包时失败。

info Creating new site from git:
Cloning into 'gatsby-test'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 10, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (10/10), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6/6), done.
remote: Total 2309 (delta 4), reused 10 (delta 4), pack-reused 2299
Receiving objects: 100% (2309/2309), 12.62 MiB | 7.98 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (1487/1487), done.
success Created starter directory layout
info Installing packages...

> sharp@0.23.2 install /home/developer/projects/gatsby-test/node_modules/sharp
> (node install/libvips && node install/dll-copy && prebuild-install) || (node-gyp rebuild && node install/dll-copy)

info sharp Downloading https://github.com/lovell/sharp-libvips/releases/download/v8.8.1/libvips-8.8.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
fs.js:114
    throw err;
    ^

Error: EACCES: permission denied, copyfile '/tmp/1890-libvips-8.8.1-linux-x64.tar.gz' -> '/home/developer/.npm/_libvips/libvips-8.8.1-linux-x64.tar.gz'
    at Object.copyFileSync (fs.js:1728:3)
    at WriteStream.<anonymous> (/home/developer/projects/gatsby-test/node_modules/sharp/install/libvips.js:104:16)
    at WriteStream.emit (events.js:198:13)
    at lazyFs.close (internal/fs/streams.js:207:14)
    at FSReqWrap.args [as oncomplete] (fs.js:140:20)
make: Entering directory '/home/developer/projects/gatsby-test/node_modules/sharp/build'
  TOUCH Release/obj.target/libvips-cpp.stamp
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/sharp/src/common.o
In file included from ../src/common.cc:25:0:
/usr/include/vips/vips8:35:10: fatal error: glib-object.h: No such file or directory
 #include <glib-object.h>
          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
sharp.target.mk:129: recipe for target 'Release/obj.target/sharp/src/common.o' failed
make: *** [Release/obj.target/sharp/src/common.o] Error 1
make: Leaving directory '/home/developer/projects/gatsby-test/node_modules/sharp/build'
gyp ERR! build error 
gyp ERR! stack Error: `make` failed with exit code: 2
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.onExit (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/build.js:194:23)
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:198:13)
gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:248:12)
gyp ERR! System Linux 4.15.0-70-generic
gyp ERR! command "/usr/bin/node" "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" "rebuild"
gyp ERR! cwd /home/developer/projects/gatsby-test/node_modules/sharp
gyp ERR! node -v v10.17.0
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v5.0.5
gyp ERR! not ok 
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.2.9 (node_modules/fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.9: wanted "os":"darwin","arch":"any" (current: "os":"linux","arch":"x64")
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@2.1.2 (node_modules/chokidar/node_modules/fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@2.1.2: wanted "os":"darwin","arch":"any" (current: "os":"linux","arch":"x64")

npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! sharp@0.23.2 install: `(node install/libvips && node install/dll-copy && prebuild-install) || (node-gyp rebuild && node install/dll-copy)`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the sharp@0.23.2 install script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /home/developer/.npm/_logs/2019-11-18T16_45_16_026Z-debug.log

 ERROR 

Command failed with exit code 1: npm install



  Error: Command failed with exit code 1: npm install

  - error.js:56 makeError
    [lib]/[gatsby-cli]/[execa]/lib/error.js:56:11

  - index.js:114 handlePromise
    [lib]/[gatsby-cli]/[execa]/index.js:114:26

  - next_tick.js:68 process._tickCallback
    internal/process/next_tick.js:68:7

知道这里发生了什么吗？我看到过去sharp 存在一些问题，但现在这应该是一个已解决且已解决的问题。我在这里错过了什么？

【问题讨论】：

gatsby 项目维护者推荐yarn 用于构建项目。 npm 经常导致这些无法解释的构建错误。我知道您应该选择包管理器。根据我的经验，自从我使用了 yarn，我再也没有遇到这些错误了。

@EliteRaceElephant 但是所有的文档教程和示例都是用npm完成的，是yarn和官方推荐的吗？

我也通过从 npm 切换到 yarn 解决了这个问题。

【参考方案1】：

下面一行：

Error: EACCES: permission denied, copyfile '/tmp/1890-libvips-8.8.1-linux-x64.tar.gz' -> '/home/developer/.npm/_libvips/libvips-8.8.1-linux-x64.tar.gz'

建议您将 tmp 文件移动到用户本地 .npm 目录时出现权限错误。如果不了解有关哪个用户运行命令等的更多上下文，很难说出为什么会这样。

---

下面一行：

fatal error: glib-object.h: No such file or directory

建议您没有正确安装 sharp 或 vips。

npm install sharp

对于 Ubuntu：

sudo apt-get install -y libvips-tools

Mac 版：

brew update vips

对于archlinux/manjaro：

sudo pacman -S libvips

【讨论】：

我已经安装了它，运行sudo apt-get install -y libvips-tools 确认它。问题仍然存在。 `

sharp 怎么样？测试npm view sharp version

但是sharp 应该全局安装吗？ gatsby new <dir> 期望目录不存在。如何安装任何 npm 模块？

另外，试试sudo gatsby new gatsby-test，看看会发生什么。如果它运行没有错误，它看起来是一个权限错误，如果是这种情况，我会冒险猜测这是因为使用 sudo 安装 gatsby（例如，sudo npm i -g gatsby）

npm view sharp version 输出：0.23..3

【参考方案2】：

您可以通过在终端中运行以下命令来解决此问题...

rm -rf /Users/username/.npm/_libvips

brew install vips 

rm -rf node_modules

npm install

【参考方案3】：

为了解决这个问题，我跑了：

rm -rf node_modules yarn cache clean yarn add --dev yarn-upgrade-all npx yarn-upgrade-all

然后，当我运行命令升级所有包时，我重新安装了从 package.json 中删除的所有必要包。 之后，我跑了gatsby build和gatsby develop

【参考方案4】：

我遇到了同样的问题。我通过手动下载包并粘贴来解决它

从https://github.com/lovell/sharp-libvips/releases/download/v8.8.1/libvips-8.8.1-linux-x64.tar.gz下载libvips

将 lib 复制到 .npm 文件夹中

sudo cp libvips-8.8.1-linux-x64.tar.gz /home/[YOURNAME]/.npm/_libvips/

删除损坏的 gatsby-test 文件夹

运行

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