发送python电子邮件时添加excel文件附件

Posted 2023-02-16

【中文标题】发送python电子邮件时添加excel文件附件

【英文标题】：add excel file attachment when sending python email

【发布时间】：2014-10-10 08:16:53

【问题描述】：

如何在使用 python 发送电子邮件时添加文档附件？ 我收到要发送的电子邮件 （请忽略：我正在循环发送电子邮件以每 5 秒发送一次，仅用于测试目的，我希望它每 30 分钟发送一次，只需将 5 更改为 1800）

到目前为止，这是我的代码。如何从我的计算机附加文档？

#!/usr/bin/python

import time
import smtplib

while True:
    TO = '[e-mail]'
    SUBJECT = 'Python Email'
    TEXT = 'Here is the message'

    gmail_sender = '[e-mail]'
    gmail_passwd = 'xxxx'

    server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com',587)
    server.ehlo()
    server.starttls()
    server.ehlo()
    server.login(gmail_sender, gmail_passwd)
    BODY = '\n'.join([
        'To: %s' % TO,
        'From: %s' % gmail_sender,
        'Subject:%s' % SUBJECT,
        '',
        TEXT

        ])

    try:
        server.sendmail(gmail_sender,[TO], BODY)
        print 'email sent'
    except:
        print 'error sending mail'

    time.sleep(5)

server.quit()

【参考方案1】：

要发送附件，请创建一个 MIMEMultipart 对象并将附件添加到该对象。这是来自 python email examples 的示例。

# Import smtplib for the actual sending function
import smtplib

# Here are the email package modules we'll need
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

COMMASPACE = ', '

# Create the container (outer) email message.
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = 'Our family reunion'
# me == the sender's email address
# family = the list of all recipients' email addresses
msg['From'] = me
msg['To'] = COMMASPACE.join(family)
msg.preamble = 'Our family reunion'

# Assume we know that the image files are all in PNG format
for file in pngfiles:
    # Open the files in binary mode.  Let the MIMEImage class automatically
    # guess the specific image type.
    fp = open(file, 'rb')
    img = MIMEImage(fp.read())
    fp.close()
    msg.attach(img)

# Send the email via our own SMTP server.
s = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
s.sendmail(me, family, msg.as_string())
s.quit()

【讨论】：

我的文件也是excel文件

Here 是另一个堆栈溢出答案，它显示了如何将任何文件编码为 mime 附件。

【参考方案2】：

这是对我有用的代码——在 python 中发送带有附件的电子邮件

#!/usr/bin/python
import smtplib,ssl
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formatdate
from email import encoders

def send_mail(send_from,send_to,subject,text,files,server,port,username='',password='',isTls=True):
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg['From'] = send_from
    msg['To'] = send_to
    msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime = True)
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg.attach(MIMEText(text))

    part = MIMEBase('application', "octet-stream")
    part.set_payload(open("WorkBook3.xlsx", "rb").read())
    encoders.encode_base64(part)
    part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="WorkBook3.xlsx"')
    msg.attach(part)

    #context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3)
    #SSL connection only working on Python 3+
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP(server, port)
    if isTls:
        smtp.starttls()
    smtp.login(username,password)
    smtp.sendmail(send_from, send_to, msg.as_string())
    smtp.quit()

【讨论】：

它工作得很好，但试图通过这一行中的变量发送文件名：part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="WorkBook3.xlsx"') 我想从参数列表中添加文件，然后是文件名本身，例如part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename=files')

【参考方案3】：

这里只是对上面 SoccerPlayer 帖子的一个小调整，它让我完成了 99% 的任务。我找到了一个 sn-p Here，它让我走完了剩下的路。没有功劳归于我。只是发布以防万一它有助于下一个人。

file = 'File.xlsx'
username=''
password=''
send_from = ''
send_to = 'recipient1 , recipient2'
Cc = 'recipient'
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = send_to
msg['Cc'] = Cc
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime = True)
msg['Subject'] = ''
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com')
port = '587'
fp = open(file, 'rb')
part = MIMEBase('application','vnd.ms-excel')
part.set_payload(fp.read())
fp.close()
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='Name File Here')
msg.attach(part)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com')
smtp.ehlo()
smtp.starttls()
smtp.login(username,password)
smtp.sendmail(send_from, send_to.split(',') + msg['Cc'].split(','), msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

【讨论】：

这更容易理解并且对我有用，谢谢

【参考方案4】：

我找到了一种简单的方法，使用 Corey Shafer 在this video 中关于使用 python 发送电子邮件的解释。

import smtplib
from email.message import EmailMessage

SENDER_EMAIL = "[e-mail]"
APP_PASSWORD = "xxxxxxx"

def send_mail_with_excel(recipient_email, subject, content, excel_file):
    msg = EmailMessage()
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg['From'] = SENDER_EMAIL
    msg['To'] = recipient_email
    msg.set_content(content)

    with open(excel_file, 'rb') as f:
        file_data = f.read()
    msg.add_attachment(file_data, maintype="application", subtype="xlsx", filename=excel_file)

    with smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465) as smtp:
        smtp.login(SENDER_EMAIL, APP_PASSWORD)
        smtp.send_message(msg)

【讨论】：

关于xlsx，正确的子类型应该是vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet proof

【参考方案5】：

使用python 3，可以使用MIMEApplication：

import os, smtplib, traceback
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication

def sendMail(sender,
             subject,
             recipient,
             username,
             password,
             message=None,
             xlsx_files=None):

    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg["Subject"] = subject
    msg["From"] = sender
    if type(recipient) == list:
        msg["To"] = ", ".join(recipient)
    else:
        msg["To"] = recipient
    message_text = MIMEText(message, 'html')
    msg.attach(message_text)

    if xlsx_files:
        for f in xlsx_files:
            attachment = open(f, 'rb')
            file_name = os.path.basename(f)
            part = MIMEApplication(attachment.read(), _subtype='xlsx')
            part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=file_name)
            msg.attach(part)

    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465)
        server.ehlo()
        server.login(username, password)
        server.sendmail(sender, recipient, msg.as_string())
        server.close()
    except Exception as e:
        error = traceback.format_exc()
        print(error)
        print(e)

注意*我在这个例子中只使用了print(error)。通常，我将错误发送到logging.critical(error)