如何通过 Swift3 将 HTML 字符串分隔为数组或字典？

Posted 2023-03-04

【中文标题】如何通过 Swift3 将 HTML 字符串分隔为数组或字典？

【英文标题】：How to separate HTML string into array or dictionary by Swift3?

【发布时间】：2018-03-07 09:10:39

【问题描述】：

我从 API 中得到了这样的 html 字符串：

let a: String = "<a href="https://www.google.com.tw">https://www.google.com.tw </a>"
let b: String = "<a href="myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg">@Tim </a>Hello Tim"
let c: String = "<a href="myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg">@Tim </a><a href="https://www.google.com.tw">https://www.google.com.tw </a>"

let splitedArray1: [String] = a.componentsSeparatedByString("?????") //splited string which is the best 
let splitedArray2: [String] = b.componentsSeparatedByString("?????") //splited string which is the best
let splitedArray3: [String] = c.componentsSeparatedByString("?????") //splited string which is the best

我想将链接与它们分开并获取如下数据

print(splitedArray1) //["https://www.google.com.tw","https://www.google.com.tw"]
print(splitedArray2) //["myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg","@Tim ","Hello Tim"]
print(splitedArray3) //["myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg","@Tim ","https://www.google.com.tw","https://www.google.com.tw "]

【参考方案1】：

可能的解决方案：使用NSAttributedString然后枚举NSLinkAttributeName，如果没有，则表示没有链接标签，所以你只保留“字符串”，否则，你添加链接，然后字符串。

在 Playground 中快速编写：

let a: String = "<a href=\"https://www.google.com.tw\">https://www.google.com.tw </a>"
let b: String = "<a href=\"myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg\">@Tim </a>Hello Tim"
let c: String = "<a href=\"myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg\">@Tim </a><a href=\"https://www.google.com.tw\">https://www.google.com.tw </a>"

let values:[String] = [a, b, c]



for aHTMLString in values

    let attributedString = try! NSAttributedString.init(data: aHTMLString.data(using: .utf8)!,
                                                        options: [.documentType: NSAttributedString.DocumentType.html],
                                                        documentAttributes: nil)
    var retValues = [String]()
    attributedString.enumerateAttribute(.link,
                                        in: NSRange(location: 0, length: attributedString.string.count),
                                        options: [],
                                        using:  (attribute, range, pointerStop) in
                                            if let attribute = attribute as? URL
                                            
                                                retValues.append(attribute.absoluteString)
                                            
                                            let subString = (attributedString.string as NSString).substring(with: range)
                                            retValues.append(subString)
    )

    print("*** retValues: \(retValues)")


let targetResult1 = ["https://www.google.com.tw","https://www.google.com.tw"]
let targetResult2 = ["myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg","@Tim ","Hello Tim"]
let targetResult3 = ["myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg","@Tim ","https://www.google.com.tw","https://www.google.com.tw "]
print("targetResult1: \(targetResult1)")
print("targetResult2: \(targetResult2)")
print("targetResult3: \(targetResult3)")

输出：

*** retValues: ["https://www.google.com.tw/", "https://www.google.com.tw "]
*** retValues: ["myappname://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg", "@Tim ", "Hello Tim"]
*** retValues: ["myappname://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg", "@Tim ", "https://www.google.com.tw/", "https://www.google.com.tw "]
targetResult1: ["https://www.google.com.tw", "https://www.google.com.tw"]
targetResult2: ["myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg", "@Tim ", "Hello Tim"]
targetResult3: ["myAppName://app/user/aa3b77411825b88b318d77gg", "@Tim ", "https://www.google.com.tw", "https://www.google.com.tw "]

有一些小的差异，我复制了你的“目标”（splitArray），它在最后一个中缺少一个空格，我的代码倾向于在链接上添加最后一个“/”。

【参考方案2】：

我创建了这个扩展来获取 url。

extension String 
  func getUrl() -> String? 
      let rss = self.split  (char) -> Bool in
          return char == ">"
      
      if let final = rss.last?.split(separator: "<"), let first = final.first 
          return String(first)
      
      return nil
  

  var hrefUrl: String 
    let matchString = "=\""
    let arrComponents = self.components(separatedBy: matchString)
    if let first = arrComponents.last, let str = first.split(separator: "\"").first 

        return String(str)
    
    return ""
  

用法：

let a: String = "<a href=\"https://www.google.com.tw\">https://www.google.com.tw </a>"
a.getUrl()  //output: https://www.google.com.tw 

//or

a.hrefUrl //output: https://www.google.com.tw 

【讨论】：

这是swift4？我使用 swift3 playgound 进行测试，“让 rss = self.split .......”出现错误。字符串没有拆分功能。

【参考方案3】：

没有库的简单解决方案 - 只需使用 String.replaceOccurences(of:... 将奇怪的字符串替换为 href、a 到拆分参数（如“|”），然后使用 componentsSeparatedByString(“|”) 来获取您的组件.

【参考方案4】：

使用正则表达式提取 URL。下面我写了sn-p的代码。

        let text = "<a href=\"https://www.google.com\">"

        let regex = try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "<a[^>]+href=\"(.*?)\"[^>]*>")
        let range = NSMakeRange(0, text.characters.count)
        let matches = regex.matches(in: text, range: range)
        for match in matches 
            let strURL = (text as NSString).substring(with: match.rangeAt(1))
            print(strURL)
        

【讨论】：

但我的文字是 google.com.tw\">google.com.tw 。我想打印数组而不是字符串