休眠和使用数据库索引会在 CockroachDB 上创建 SQL 语法错误
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】休眠和使用数据库索引会在 CockroachDB 上创建 SQL 语法错误【英文标题】：Hibernate and using a database index creates an SQL syntax error on CockroachDB 【发布时间】：2018-08-27 01:13:50 【问题描述】：以下使用带有 Spring Boot、Hibernate、JpaRepository、CockroachDB 和 Kotlin 的数据库索引的最小示例无法重新启动。
我还使用 PostgresSQL 而不是 CockroachDB 进行了测试，这很好。
|------------------------------------------|
| | PostgresSQL | CockroachDB |
|-----------+---------------+--------------|
| no index | OK | OK |
| index | OK | ERROR |
|------------------------------------------|
但是对于 CockroachDB，它以 SQL 语法错误结尾（请参阅本问题末尾的日志）。
这是重现问题的代码。
./src/main/kotlin/ThingService.kt:
package things
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication
import org.springframework.boot.runApplication
import javax.persistence.Entity
import javax.persistence.Id
import javax.persistence.Table
import javax.persistence.Index
import javax.persistence.Column
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository
interface ThingRepository : JpaRepository<Thing, Long>
@RestController
class ThingController(private val repository: ThingRepository)
@Entity
@Table(indexes = [Index(name="value", columnList="value")])
data class Thing (
@Id
@Column(name="id")
var id: Long,
@Column(name="value")
var value: String
)
@SpringBootApplication
class Application
fun main(args: Array<String>)
runApplication<Application>(*args)
./src/main/resources/application.properties:
server.port=8082
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:26257/things_db?sslmode=disable
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL94Dialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
./build.gradle.kts:
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.KotlinCompile
plugins
val kotlinVersion = "1.2.20"
id("org.springframework.boot") version "2.0.0.RELEASE"
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm") version kotlinVersion
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.spring") version kotlinVersion
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.jpa") version kotlinVersion
id("io.spring.dependency-management") version "1.0.4.RELEASE"
version = "1.0.0-SNAPSHOT"
tasks.withType<KotlinCompile>
kotlinOptions
jvmTarget = "1.8"
freeCompilerArgs = listOf("-Xjsr305=strict")
val test by tasks.getting(Test::class)
useJUnitPlatform()
repositories
mavenCentral()
dependencies
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
compile("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8")
compile("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect")
compile("org.hibernate:hibernate-core")
compile("org.springframework.retry:spring-retry:1.2.2.RELEASE")
compile("org.postgresql:postgresql")
compile("org.json:json:20180130")
testCompile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
exclude(module = "junit")
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api")
testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine")
以下是重现问题的步骤。
下载并初始化 CockroachDB：
# download
wget -qO- https://binaries.cockroachdb.com/cockroach-v1.1.6.linux-amd64.tgz | tar xvz
# start
./cockroach-v1.1.6.linux-amd64/cockroach start --insecure
# leave terminal open in background
# init
./cockroach-v1.1.6.linux-amd64/cockroach sql --insecure -e "CREATE USER root WITH PASSWORD '123';"
./cockroach-v1.1.6.linux-amd64/cockroach sql --insecure -e "CREATE DATABASE things_db;"
./cockroach-v1.1.6.linux-amd64/cockroach sql --insecure -e "GRANT ALL ON DATABASE things_db TO root;"
运行数据服务：
gradle bootRun
# wait until started
# then ctrl+c to stop
现在让我们看一下数据库中生成的表：
./cockroach-v1.1.6.linux-amd64/cockroach sql --insecure -e "SHOW COLUMNS FROM things_db.thing;"
输出：
# Server version: CockroachDB CCL v1.1.6 (linux amd64, built 2018/03/12 17:58:05, go1.8.3) (same version as client)
# Cluster ID: 2f85d639-a096-4ebc-a478-216a4e7e3a14
+-------+-------------+-------+---------+---------------------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Default | Indices |
+-------+-------------+-------+---------+---------------------------+
| id | BIGINT | false | NULL | "primary","value_index" |
| value | STRING(255) | true | NULL | "value_index" |
+-------+-------------+-------+---------+---------------------------+
(2 rows)
然后
./cockroach-v1.1.6.linux-amd64/cockroach sql --insecure -e "SHOW INDEXES FROM things_db.thing;"
输出
# Server version: CockroachDB CCL v1.1.6 (linux amd64, built 2018/03/12 17:58:05, go1.8.3) (same version as client)
# Cluster ID: 2f85d639-a096-4ebc-a478-216a4e7e3a14
+-------+-------------+--------+-----+--------+-----------+---------+----------+
| Table | Name | Unique | Seq | Column | Direction | Storing | Implicit |
+-------+-------------+--------+-----+--------+-----------+---------+----------+
| thing | primary | true | 1 | id | ASC | false | false |
| thing | value_index | false | 1 | value | ASC | false | false |
| thing | value_index | false | 2 | id | ASC | false | true |
+-------+-------------+--------+-----+--------+-----------+---------+----------+
(3 rows)
但是运行
gradle bootRun
第二次不起作用。应用程序在启动时崩溃。
这是the log of the second (failing) run的摘录：
2018-03-18 10:57:06.419 ERROR 28412 --- [ main] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : ERROR: syntax error at or near "."
Detail: source SQL:
SELECT NULL AS TABLE_CAT, n.nspname AS TABLE_SCHEM, ct.relname AS TABLE_NAME, NOT i.indisunique AS NON_UNIQUE, NULL AS INDEX_QUALIFIER, ci.relname AS INDEX_NAME, CASE i.indisclustered WHEN true THEN 1 ELSE CASE am.amname WHEN 'hash' THEN 2 ELSE 3 END END AS TYPE, (i.keys).n AS ORDINAL_POSITION, trim(both '"' from pg_catalog.pg_get_indexdef(ci.oid, (i.keys).n, false)) AS COLUMN_NAME, CASE am.amcanorder WHEN true THEN CASE i.indoption[(i.keys).n - 1] & 1 WHEN 1 THEN 'D' ELSE 'A' END ELSE NULL END AS ASC_OR_DESC, ci.reltuples AS CARDINALITY, ci.relpages AS PAGES, pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(i.indpred, i.indrelid) AS FILTER_CONDITION FROM pg_catalog.pg_class ct JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON (ct.relnamespace = n.oid) JOIN (SELECT i.indexrelid, i.indrelid, i.indoption, i.indisunique, i.indisclustered, i.indpred, i.indexprs, information_schema._pg_expandarray(i.indkey) AS keys FROM pg_catalog.pg_index i) i ON (ct.oid = i.indrelid) JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class ci ON (ci.oid = i.indexrelid) JOIN pg_catalog.pg_am am ON (ci.relam = am.oid) WHERE true AND n.nspname = 'things_db' AND ct.relname = 'thing' ORDER BY NON_UNIQUE, TYPE, INDEX_NAME, ORDINAL_POSITION
^
2018-03-18 10:57:06.420 WARN 28412 --- [ main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
2018-03-18 10:57:06.420 INFO 28412 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Shutdown initiated...
2018-03-18 10:57:06.421 INFO 28412 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Shutdown completed.
2018-03-18 10:57:06.422 INFO 28412 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Stopping service [Tomcat]
2018-03-18 10:57:06.432 INFO 28412 --- [ main] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener :
Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2018-03-18 10:57:06.433 ERROR 28412 --- [ main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Application run failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1710) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:583) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:502) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
// truncated to fit post
at things.ThingServiceKt.main(ThingService.kt:40) [main/:na]
Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.persistenceException(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:970) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:895) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:57) ~[spring-orm-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:365) ~[spring-orm-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:388) ~[spring-orm-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:377) ~[spring-orm-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:341) ~[spring-orm-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1769) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1706) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
... 16 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: Error accessing index information: things_db.thing
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLStateConversionDelegate.convert(SQLStateConversionDelegate.java:106) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:42) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:111) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:97) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.extract.internal.InformationExtractorJdbcDatabaseMetaDataImpl.convertSQLException(InformationExtractorJdbcDatabaseMetaDataImpl.java:98) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
// truncated to fit post
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:892) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
... 23 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: syntax error at or near "."
Detail: source SQL:
SELECT NULL AS TABLE_CAT, n.nspname AS TABLE_SCHEM, ct.relname AS TABLE_NAME, NOT i.indisunique AS NON_UNIQUE, NULL AS INDEX_QUALIFIER, ci.relname AS INDEX_NAME, CASE i.indisclustered WHEN true THEN 1 ELSE CASE am.amname WHEN 'hash' THEN 2 ELSE 3 END END AS TYPE, (i.keys).n AS ORDINAL_POSITION, trim(both '"' from pg_catalog.pg_get_indexdef(ci.oid, (i.keys).n, false)) AS COLUMN_NAME, CASE am.amcanorder WHEN true THEN CASE i.indoption[(i.keys).n - 1] & 1 WHEN 1 THEN 'D' ELSE 'A' END ELSE NULL END AS ASC_OR_DESC, ci.reltuples AS CARDINALITY, ci.relpages AS PAGES, pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(i.indpred, i.indrelid) AS FILTER_CONDITION FROM pg_catalog.pg_class ct JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON (ct.relnamespace = n.oid) JOIN (SELECT i.indexrelid, i.indrelid, i.indoption, i.indisunique, i.indisclustered, i.indpred, i.indexprs, information_schema._pg_expandarray(i.indkey) AS keys FROM pg_catalog.pg_index i) i ON (ct.oid = i.indrelid) JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class ci ON (ci.oid = i.indexrelid) JOIN pg_catalog.pg_am am ON (ci.relam = am.oid) WHERE true AND n.nspname = 'things_db' AND ct.relname = 'thing' ORDER BY NON_UNIQUE, TYPE, INDEX_NAME, ORDINAL_POSITION
^
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2422) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2167) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:306) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeInternal(PgStatement.java:441) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.execute(PgStatement.java:365) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeWithFlags(PgStatement.java:307) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeCachedSql(PgStatement.java:293) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeWithFlags(PgStatement.java:270) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeQuery(PgStatement.java:224) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgDatabaseMetaData.getIndexInfo(PgDatabaseMetaData.java:2334) ~[postgresql-42.2.1.jar:42.2.1]
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.extract.internal.InformationExtractorJdbcDatabaseMetaDataImpl.getIndexes(InformationExtractorJdbcDatabaseMetaDataImpl.java:719) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.14.Final.jar:5.2.14.Final]
... 35 common frames omitted
关于什么可能导致这个问题或如何解决它的任何想法？
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：来自https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/issues/24010的交叉发帖：
您正在点击#16971，这在 CockroachDB 1.1 或即将推出的 2.0 中尚未修复。
解决此问题的方法是避免尝试通过 JDBC 创建或修改架构，而是自己执行架构管理或使用 Flyway 等外部工具。
一个积极进取的 Java 专家可能会创建一种方言，避免使用 _pg_expandarray 特殊记录语法——这正是 CockroachDB 所遇到的问题。这是查询的一部分，看起来像(i.keys).n - 它正在做的是从位于i.keys 的记录类型中请求命名字段“n”。 CockroachDB 还不支持记录类型，因此很麻烦。
【讨论】：
以上是关于休眠和使用数据库索引会在 CockroachDB 上创建 SQL 语法错误的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章