一对多多列加入 Spring Data JPA

Posted 2023-02-26

【中文标题】一对多多列加入 Spring Data JPA

【英文标题】：One to Many Multi Column Join Spring Data JPA

【发布时间】：2022-01-02 15:13:23

【问题描述】：

我有一个实体 Event 和 Category。每个Event 可以有多个Category，并且一个类别属于一个事件。在Event 实体中，我有ageLevelsAllowed（允许的年龄级别列表）和genders（性别列表）基于创建并映射到锦标赛的类别。

例如，如果列表中有年龄级别 U10 和 U20，性别为 M 和 F，我想为事件 E1 创建 4 个类别，

E1 类别1 U10 M

E1 类别2 U10 F

E1 Category3 U20 M

E1 Category4 U20 F

目前，我的事件实体看起来像这样 -

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import lombok.*;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;


@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@Table(name="TBL_EVENT", uniqueConstraints = 
        @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "name")
)
public class Event 

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE)
    private int id;

    @NotBlank
    @Column(name = "name",unique=true)
    private String name;

    @NotBlank
    @ElementCollection
    @CollectionTable(name = "event_ageLevels", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "id"))
    @Column(name = "ageLevels")
    private Set<AgeLevel> ageLevels;

    @NotBlank
    @ElementCollection
    @CollectionTable(name = "event_genders", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "id"))
    @Column(name = "genders")
    private Set<Gender> genders;

    @NotBlank
    @DateTimeFormat
    private String registrationEndDate;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "event")
    private Set<Category> categories;

类别实体就是这样定义的。

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;

import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString
@Entity
@Table(name="TBL_Categories")
public class Category 

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE)
    private int category_id;

    @NotBlank
    private String categoryName;

    @ManyToOne
    @JsonIgnore
    @JoinColumns(
            @JoinColumn(name="id", nullable = false),
            @JoinColumn(name="ageLevels", nullable = false),
            @JoinColumn(name="genders", nullable = false)
    )
    private Event event;

当我尝试执行此操作以创建具有三个外键引用的表时，我收到如下错误。

2021-11-24 00:58:58.050 ERROR 31404 --- [           main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Failed to initialize JPA EntityManagerFactory: A Foreign key refering com.proj.entity.Event from com.proj.entity.Category has the wrong number of column. should be 1
2021-11-24 00:58:58.050 ERROR 31404 --- [           main] o.s.b.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatStarter  : Error starting Tomcat context. Exception: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException. Message: Error creating bean with name 'jwtFilter': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'groupUserDetailsService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'groupUserDetailsService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'repository'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userRepository' defined in com.proj.repository.UserRepository defined in @EnableJpaRepositories declared on JpaRepositoriesRegistrar.EnableJpaRepositoriesConfiguration: Cannot create inner bean '(inner bean)#465b38e6' of type [org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator] while setting bean property 'entityManager'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '(inner bean)#465b38e6': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'entityManagerFactory' while setting constructor argument; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.AnnotationException: A Foreign key refering com.ser515.proj.entity.Event from com.proj.entity.Category has the wrong number of column. should be 1
2021-11-24 00:58:58.067  INFO 31404 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Stopping service [Tomcat]
2021-11-24 00:58:58.068  WARN 31404 --- [           main] o.a.c.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase       : The web application [ROOT] appears to have started a thread named [HikariPool-1 housekeeper] but has failed to stop it. This is very likely to create a memory leak. Stack trace of thread:
 java.base@15.0.2/jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)

【问题讨论】：

这能回答你的问题吗？ Multi-Column Join in Hibernate/JPA Annotations

【参考方案1】：

这部分有问题：

@JoinColumns(
        @JoinColumn(name="id", nullable = false),
        @JoinColumn(name="ageLevels", nullable = false),
        @JoinColumn(name="genders", nullable = false)
)
private Event event;

在您的情况下，Event 的主键应该是复合主键，因此您需要使用带有 id、ageLevels 和性别的 @EmbeddedId 作为主键。 这个答案可能会有所帮助： https://***.com/a/31389777/7214251