Java:如何将值从类/bean传递给servlet

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【中文标题】Java:如何将值从类/bean传递给servlet【英文标题】:Java:how to pass value from class/bean to servlet 【发布时间】:2011-03-21 11:19:39 【问题描述】:

我是 java 新手,我在将值从类/bean(存储在 arraylist 中)传递到 servlet 时遇到问题。知道如何实现吗?下面是我的代码。

package myarraylist;

public class fypjdbClass 

String timezone;
String location;

public String getTimezone() 
    return timezone;

public void setTimezone(String timezone) 
    this.timezone = timezone;

public String getLocation() 
    return location;



public void setLocation(String location) 
    this.location = location;


public fypjdbClass() 
    super();
    ArrayList<fypjdbClass> fypjdbList = new ArrayList<fypjdbClass>();
    this.timezone = timezone;
    this.location = location;


public static void main(String[] args) 


    //Establish connection to mysql database
    String connectionURL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/fypjdb";
    Connection connection=null;
    ResultSet rs;

    try 
         // Load the database driver
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

        // Get a Connection to the database
        connection = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionURL, "root", ""); 
        ArrayList<fypjdbClass> fypjdbList = new ArrayList<fypjdbClass>();
        //Select the data from the database
           String sql = "SELECT location,timezone FROM userclient";
        Statement s = connection.createStatement();
        //Create a PreparedStatement
        PreparedStatement stm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        rs = stm.executeQuery();
        //rs = s.getResultSet();
        while(rs.next())

            fypjdbClass f = new fypjdbClass(); 

            f.setTimezone(rs.getString("timezone"));
            f.setLocation(rs.getString("location"));

            fypjdbList.add( f);

        



        for (int j = 0; j < fypjdbList.size(); j++) 
            System.out.println(fypjdbList.get(j));

          
        //To display the number of record in arraylist
        System.out.println("ArrayList contains " + fypjdbList.size() + " key value pair.");


        rs.close ();
        s.close ();
        catch(Exception e)
        System.out.println("Exception is ;"+e);
        



这就是 Servlet

package myarraylist;

public class arraylistforfypjServlet extends HttpServlet 

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
 * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
 */
public arraylistforfypjServlet() 
    super();


public static ArrayList<fypjdbClass> fypjdbList = new ArrayList<fypjdbClass>();

/**
 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 */

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException 
    //processRequest(request, response); 

    RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/DataPage.jsp"); //You could give a relative URL, I'm just using absolute for a clear example.
    ArrayList<fypjdbClass> fypjdbList = new ArrayList<fypjdbClass>();// You can use any type of object you like here, Strings, Custom objects, in fact any object.
    request.setAttribute("fypjdbList", fypjdbList);
    rd.forward(request, response);


protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException 
    //processRequest(request, response);
    doGet(request,response);



我不知道我的代码是否正确,请告诉我。非常感谢^^

【问题讨论】:

您将数组存储在请求中,在 servlet doGet()doPost() 中执行该方法后,请求被清除。为什么不将其保存在 Session 中? (request.getSession().setAttribute(....). 【参考方案1】:

您不会将某些内容传递给 servlet。您只需让 servlet 访问某些内容。

您应该摆脱main() 方法并将数据库交互代码移动到DAO 类中。我还会给模型类(带有时区和位置)一个以大写开头的更敏感的名称。所以总而言之,您应该更新代码,使其如下所示:

模型类,Area(随便命名,只要它有意义),它应该只代表一个实体:

public class Area 
    private String location;
    private String timezone;

    public String getLocation()  return location; 
    public String getTimezone()  return timezone; 

    public void setLocation(String location)  this.location = location; 
    public void setTimezone(String timezone)  this.timezone = timezone; 

基本连接管理器类Database,在这里您只需加载一次驱动程序并为连接提供一个getter:

public class Database 
    private String url;
    private String username;
    private String password;

    public Database(String driver, String url, String username, String password) 
        try  
            Class.forName(driver);
         catch (ClassNotFoundException e) 
            throw new RuntimeException("Driver class is missing in classpath", e);
        
        this.url = url;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    

    public Connection getConnection() 
        return DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
    

DAO 类,AreaDAO,这里放了所有的 DB 交互方法:

public class AreaDAO 
    private Database database;

    public AreaDAO(Database database) 
        this.database = database;
    

    public List<Area> list() throws SQLException 
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        ResultSet resultSet = null;
        List<Area> areas = new ArrayList<Area>();

        try 
            connection = database.getConnection();
            statement = connection.prepareStatement("SELECT location, timezone FROM userclient");
            resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
            while (resultSet.next()) 
                Area area = new Area();
                area.setLocation(resultSet.getString("location"));
                area.setTimezone(resultSet.getString("timezone"));
                areas.add(area);
            
         finally 
            if (resultSet != null) try  resultSet.close();  catch (SQLException logOrIgnore) 
            if (statement != null) try  statement.close();  catch (SQLException logOrIgnore) 
            if (connection != null) try  connection.close();  catch (SQLException logOrIgnore) 
        

        return areas;
    

最后,在servlet中初始化一次DAO,并在HTTP方法中获取列表:

public class AreaServlet extends HttpServlet 
    private AreaDAO areaDAO;

    public void init() throws ServletException 
        String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dbname";
        String username = "user";
        String password = "pass";
        Database database = new Database(driver, url, username, password);
        this.areaDAO = new AreaDAO(database);
    

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)  throws ServletException, IOException 
        try 
            List<Area> areas = areaDAO.list();
            request.setAttribute("areas", areas);
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/areas.jsp").forward(request, response);
         catch (SQLException e) 
            throw new ServletException("Cannot retrieve areas", e);
        
    

将此 servlet 映射到 web.xml 中的 /areasurl-pattern 上,以便您可以通过 http://example.com/contextname/areas 调用它

/WEB-INF/areas.jsp 可能看起来像这样,假设您想在表格中显示区域:

<table>
    <c:forEach items="$areas" var="area">
        <tr>
            <td>$area.location</td>
            <td>$area.timezone</td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
</table>

另见:

Beginning and intermediate JSP/Servlet tutorials Advanced JSP/Servlet tutorials DAO tutorial(包含更高级/灵活的 DAO 示例) Hidden features of JSP/Servlet

【讨论】:

很好的答案!您的代码清楚地揭示了 MVC 模式。感谢您为初学者发布如此出色的答案【参考方案2】:

您似乎正在尝试将数据从数据库加载到您的 servlet 中的 fypjdbList ArrayList 中。

它不起作用,因为您的 servlet 没有调用数据库代码。您的数据库代码在 fypjdbClass 的main 方法中; main 方法通常由 Java 控制台或桌面应用程序使用,但在 Java servlet 应用程序中不使用。

从数据库中检索数据的更好方法是创建数据访问对象 (DAO)。这是一个仅包含访问数据库的代码的 Java 类。 DAO 为您检索数据,但不存储数据本身(它不会包含timezonelocation)。 DAO 的概念在http://java.sun.com/blueprints/corej2eepatterns/Patterns/DataAccessObject.html

进行了解释

Google 会为您找到许多关于 DAO 的教程(我无法在此处发布链接,因为作为 Stack Overflow 的新成员,我只能发布一个链接!)

在学习 Java 时编写 servlet 很有用,但如果您想构建一个完整的网站,您可能会发现使用像 Spring MVC(Spring 框架的一部分)这样的框架会更容易。 Spring MVC 提供了一个全面的分步教程,如果您是 Java Web 开发新手,这将非常有用。

【讨论】:

【参考方案3】:

为什么要让不同模式的新手混淆! @OP - 更改您的 main() 方法以返回数据而不是 void 并在 servlet 中为该类创建一个实例。

【讨论】:

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