Thymeleaf 的 XHTML 基本支持?

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【中文标题】Thymeleaf 的 XHTML 基本支持?【英文标题】:XHTML Basic support for Thymeleaf? 【发布时间】:2016-11-15 04:18:56 【问题描述】:

我正在尝试让 Spring 4.1.9 和 Thymeleaf 2.1.5 呈现 Xhtml Basic 1.1 页面,它们具有以下序言:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.1//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">

仅在模板中使用它是行不通的,因为 Thymeleaf 无法识别文档类型。

org.thymeleaf.exceptions.TemplateProcessingException:使用 PUBLICID“-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.1//EN”和 SYSTEMID“http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic11.dtd”请求的不受支持的实体。确保您的方言提供了相应的 org.thymeleaf.doctype.resolution.IDocTypeResolutionEntry 实现(索引:1)


设置

我浏览了 Thymeleaf extension documentation 和 source code 并以此为起点,定义了一个继承自 SpringStandardDialect 的新方言。我通过反复试验找出了缺少的模块,从 w3.org 下载它们并将它们添加到我的项目的资源目录中:

XhtmlBasicDialect.java

import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import org.thymeleaf.doctype.DocTypeIdentifier;
import org.thymeleaf.doctype.resolution.ClassLoaderDocTypeResolutionEntry;
import org.thymeleaf.doctype.resolution.IDocTypeResolutionEntry;
import org.thymeleaf.spring4.dialect.SpringStandardDialect;

public class XhtmlBasicDialect extends SpringStandardDialect 
    private static final String DTD_STANDARD_PATH = "org/thymeleaf/dtd/standard/";

    private static final DocTypeIdentifier XHTML_BASIC_11_PUBLICID = DocTypeIdentifier.forValue("-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.1//EN");
    private static final DocTypeIdentifier XHTML_BASIC_11_SYSTEMID = DocTypeIdentifier.forValue("http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic11.dtd");
    private static final DocTypeIdentifier ENTITIES_XHTML_BASIC_11_DOCUMENT_MODEL_1_PUBLICID = DocTypeIdentifier.forValue("-//W3C//ENTITIES XHTML Basic 1.1 Document Model 1.0//EN");
    private static final DocTypeIdentifier ELEMENTS_XHTML_BASIC_TABLES_1_PUBLICID = DocTypeIdentifier.forValue("-//W3C//ELEMENTS XHTML Basic Tables 1.0//EN");
    private static final DocTypeIdentifier ELEMENTS_XHTML_INPUTMODE_1_PUBLICID = DocTypeIdentifier.forValue("-//W3C//ELEMENTS XHTML Inputmode 1.0//EN");
    private static final DocTypeIdentifier ELEMENTS_XHTML_TARGET_1_PUBLICID = DocTypeIdentifier.forValue("-//W3C//ELEMENTS XHTML Target 1.0//EN");
    private static final IDocTypeResolutionEntry XHTML_BASIC_STRICT_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY = new ClassLoaderDocTypeResolutionEntry(XHTML_BASIC_11_PUBLICID, XHTML_BASIC_11_SYSTEMID, DTD_STANDARD_PATH + "xhtml-basic11.dtd");
    private static final IDocTypeResolutionEntry ENTITIES_XHTML_BASIC_11_DOCUMENT_MODEL_1_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY = new ClassLoaderDocTypeResolutionEntry(ENTITIES_XHTML_BASIC_11_DOCUMENT_MODEL_1_PUBLICID, DocTypeIdentifier.ANY, DTD_STANDARD_PATH + "xhtml-basic11-model-1.mod");
    private static final IDocTypeResolutionEntry ELEMENTS_XHTML_BASIC_TABLES_1_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY = new ClassLoaderDocTypeResolutionEntry(ELEMENTS_XHTML_BASIC_TABLES_1_PUBLICID, DocTypeIdentifier.ANY, DTD_STANDARD_PATH + "xhtml-basic-table-1.mod");
    private static final IDocTypeResolutionEntry ELEMENTS_XHTML_INPUTMODE_1_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY = new ClassLoaderDocTypeResolutionEntry(ELEMENTS_XHTML_INPUTMODE_1_PUBLICID, DocTypeIdentifier.ANY, DTD_STANDARD_PATH + "xhtml-inputmode-1.mod");
    private static final IDocTypeResolutionEntry ELEMENTS_XHTML_TARGET_1_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY = new ClassLoaderDocTypeResolutionEntry(ELEMENTS_XHTML_TARGET_1_PUBLICID, DocTypeIdentifier.ANY, DTD_STANDARD_PATH + "xhtml-target-1.mod");

    @Override
    protected Set<IDocTypeResolutionEntry> getAdditionalDocTypeResolutionEntries() 
        final Set<IDocTypeResolutionEntry> docTypeResolutionEntries = new LinkedHashSet<IDocTypeResolutionEntry>();
        docTypeResolutionEntries.add(XHTML_BASIC_STRICT_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY);
        docTypeResolutionEntries.add(ENTITIES_XHTML_BASIC_11_DOCUMENT_MODEL_1_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY);
        docTypeResolutionEntries.add(ELEMENTS_XHTML_BASIC_TABLES_1_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY);
        docTypeResolutionEntries.add(ELEMENTS_XHTML_INPUTMODE_1_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY);
        docTypeResolutionEntries.add(ELEMENTS_XHTML_TARGET_1_DOC_TYPE_RESOLUTION_ENTRY);
        return docTypeResolutionEntries;
    

我配置自定义方言如下:

mvc-config.xml

...
<bean id="templateResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".xhtml" />
    <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
    <property name="templateMode" value="XHTML" />
    <property name="xhtmlTemplateModePatterns" value="*.xhtml" /> 
</bean>

<bean id="templateEngine" class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.SpringTemplateEngine">
    <property name="templateResolver" ref="templateResolver" />
    <property name="additionalDialects">
        <set>
            <bean class="demo.XhtmlBasicDialect" />
        </set>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean id="xhtmlViewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
    <property name="templateEngine" ref="templateEngine" />
    <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
    <property name="contentType" value="application/xhtml+xml" />
</bean>
...

我的模板如下:

DemoTemplate.xhtml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.1//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
    <head>
        <title>Demo</title>
        <link th:href="$'style' + '.css'" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
    </head>
    <body>      
        <div>
            <p>Demo content</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

问题

乍一看,这似乎很好,只是生成的 XHTML 缺少 XML 标头,并且有几个额外的属性添加到每个元素。

渲染输出:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic11.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.1//EN">
    <head xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
        <title xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Demo</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:space="preserve" href="style.css" />
    </head>
    <body xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:space="preserve">      
        <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:space="preserve">
            <p xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:space="preserve">Demo content</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

这与 XHTML Basic preamable 不太匹配;一方面,我想保留 XML 声明 &lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;

更重要的是,我不希望几乎每个元素都添加xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xml:space="preserve" 属性。还有一个version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.1//EN" 属性添加到&lt;html&gt; 元素。

我是不是做错了什么,我需要进行不同的配置,还是我在自定义方言中遗漏了一些东西?

【问题讨论】:

同意这么令人沮丧。 【参考方案1】:

好吧,我没有“规范的”证据表明 XHTML Basic 模板不能按照您希望的方式使用 Thymeleaf 2.x 进行处理,并且可能有一种方法可以通过足够的努力。但我确实看到了:

Thymeleaf 2.1 中的 XhtmlAndHtml5NonValidatingSAXTemplateParser 看起来很可疑,在 Thymeleaf 3.0 中不再存在 XHTML TemplateModexhtmlTemplateModePatterns 现已弃用 所有parsing code in 2.1 在3.0 中都是rewritten

这一点,加上我自己努力让某件事情发挥作用,让我相信 Thymeleaf 2.X 中的 XHTML 处理从未完全成熟。然而,它似乎在 3.0 中工作得很好,没有特别的努力。只需配置一个ViewResolver,如下:

<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
    <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    <property name="templateEngine">
        <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.SpringTemplateEngine">
            <property name="enableSpringELCompiler" value="true"/>
            <property name="templateResolver">
                <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
                    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
                    <property name="suffix" value=".xhtml"/>
                    <property name="templateMode" value="XML"/>
                </bean>
            </property>
        </bean>
    </property>
</bean>

我发了complete working example on github。

【讨论】:

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