在 Swift 中上传带参数的图像
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【中文标题】在 Swift 中上传带参数的图像【英文标题】：Upload image with parameters in Swift 【发布时间】：2014-10-02 14:05:42 【问题描述】：我正在尝试在 Swift 中上传带有参数的图像。当我尝试这段代码时，我可以得到参数，但不能得到图像
uploadFileToUrl(fotiño:UIImage)
var foto = UIImage(data: UIImageJPEGRepresentation(fotiño, 0.2))
var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL:NSURL(string: "URL"))
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
var bodyData = "id_user="PARAMETERS&ETC""
request.HTTPBody = bodyData.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding);
request.HTTPBody = NSData.dataWithData(UIImagePNGRepresentation(foto))
println("miraqui \(request.debugDescription)")
var response: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer<NSURLResponse?>=nil
var HTTPError: NSError? = nil
var JSONError: NSError? = nil
var dataVal: NSData? = NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request, returningResponse: response, error: &HTTPError)
if ((dataVal != nil) && (HTTPError == nil))
var jsonResult = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal!, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: &JSONError)
if (JSONError != nil)
println("Bad JSON")
else
println("Synchronous\(jsonResult)")
else if (HTTPError != nil)
println("Request failed")
else
println("No Data returned")
编辑 2：
我认为我保存的UIImage的路径有些问题，因为php告诉我该文件已经存在，我认为这是因为我发送它是空白的
func createRequest (#userid: String, disco: String, id_disco: String, pub: String, foto: UIImage) -> NSURLRequest
let param = [
"id_user" : userid,
"name_discoteca" : disco,
"id_discoteca" : id_disco,
"ispublic" : pub] // build your dictionary however appropriate
let boundary = generateBoundaryString()
let url = NSURL(string: "http....")
let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
request.timeoutInterval = 60
request.HTTPShouldHandleCookies = false
request.setValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=\(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
var imagesaver = ImageSaver()
var image = foto // However you create/get a UIImage
let documentsPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true)[0] as String
let destinationPath = documentsPath.stringByAppendingPathComponent("VipKing.jpg")
UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image,1.0).writeToFile(destinationPath, atomically: true)
self.saveImage(foto, withFileName: "asdasd22.jpg")
var path = self.documentsPathForFileName("asdasd22.jpg")
self.ViewImage.image = self.loadImageWithFileName("asdasd22.jpg")
// let path1 = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("asdasd22", ofType: "jpg", inDirectory: path) as String!
**//path1 always crash**
println(param.debugDescription)
println(path.debugDescription)
println(boundary.debugDescription)
request.HTTPBody = createBodyWithParameters(param, filePathKey: "asdasd22.jpg", paths: [path], boundary: boundary)
println(request.debugDescription)
return request
【问题讨论】：
你对filePathKey有什么问题我也面临同样的问题。？
上传图片简单...Using Alamofire
【参考方案1】：
在下面的评论中，您告知我们您正在使用$_FILES 语法来检索文件。这意味着您要创建一个multipart/form-data 请求。流程基本上是：
为您的multipart/form-data 请求指定边界。
指定请求的Content-Type，指定它为multipart/form-data 以及边界是什么。
创建请求正文，分隔各个组件（每个发布的值以及每次上传之间的值）。
有关详细信息，请参阅RFC 7578。无论如何，在 Swift 3 及更高版本中，这可能看起来像：
/// Create request
///
/// - parameter userid: The userid to be passed to web service
/// - parameter password: The password to be passed to web service
/// - parameter email: The email address to be passed to web service
///
/// - returns: The `URLRequest` that was created
func createRequest(userid: String, password: String, email: String) throws -> URLRequest
let parameters = [
"user_id" : userid,
"email" : email,
"password" : password] // build your dictionary however appropriate
let boundary = generateBoundaryString()
let url = URL(string: "https://example.com/imageupload.php")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=\(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
let fileURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "image1", withExtension: "png")!
request.httpBody = try createBody(with: parameters, filePathKey: "file", urls: [fileURL], boundary: boundary)
return request
/// Create body of the `multipart/form-data` request
///
/// - parameter parameters: The optional dictionary containing keys and values to be passed to web service.
/// - parameter filePathKey: The optional field name to be used when uploading files. If you supply paths, you must supply filePathKey, too.
/// - parameter urls: The optional array of file URLs of the files to be uploaded.
/// - parameter boundary: The `multipart/form-data` boundary.
///
/// - returns: The `Data` of the body of the request.
private func createBody(with parameters: [String: String]? = nil, filePathKey: String, urls: [URL], boundary: String) throws -> Data
var body = Data()
parameters?.forEach (key, value) in
body.append("--\(boundary)\r\n")
body.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(key)\"\r\n\r\n")
body.append("\(value)\r\n")
for url in urls
let filename = url.lastPathComponent
let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
body.append("--\(boundary)\r\n")
body.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(filePathKey)\"; filename=\"\(filename)\"\r\n")
body.append("Content-Type: \(url.mimeType)\r\n\r\n")
body.append(data)
body.append("\r\n")
body.append("--\(boundary)--\r\n")
return body
/// Create boundary string for multipart/form-data request
///
/// - returns: The boundary string that consists of "Boundary-" followed by a UUID string.
private func generateBoundaryString() -> String
return "Boundary-\(UUID().uuidString)"
与：
extension URL
/// Mime type for the URL
///
/// Requires `import UniformTypeIdentifiers` for ios 14 solution.
/// Requires `import MobileCoreServices` for pre-iOS 14 solution
var mimeType: String
if #available(iOS 14.0, *)
return UTType(filenameExtension: pathExtension)?.preferredMIMEType ?? "application/octet-stream"
else
guard
let identifier = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, pathExtension as CFString, nil)?.takeRetainedValue(),
let mimeType = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(identifier, kUTTagClassMIMEType)?.takeRetainedValue() as String?
else
return "application/octet-stream"
return mimeType
extension Data
/// Append string to Data
///
/// Rather than littering my code with calls to `data(using: .utf8)` to convert `String` values to `Data`, this wraps it in a nice convenient little extension to Data. This defaults to converting using UTF-8.
///
/// - parameter string: The string to be added to the `Data`.
mutating func append(_ string: String, using encoding: String.Encoding = .utf8)
if let data = string.data(using: encoding)
append(data)
完成所有这些后，您现在需要提交此请求。我建议这是异步完成的。例如，使用URLSession，您可以执行以下操作：
let request: URLRequest
do
request = try createRequest(userid: userid, password: password, email: email)
catch
print(error)
return
let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) data, response, error in
guard let data = data, error == nil else
// handle error here
print(error ?? "Unknown error")
return
// parse `data` here, then parse it
// note, if you want to update the UI, make sure to dispatch that to the main queue, e.g.:
//
// DispatchQueue.main.async
// // update your UI and model objects here
//
task.resume()
如果您要上传大型资产（例如视频等），您可能希望使用上述基于文件的排列。见https://***.com/a/70552269/1271826。
对于 Swift 2 版本，请参阅 previous revision of this answer。
【讨论】：
谢谢！很有用！ 我尝试了很多东西保存在本地图像...让documentsPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true)[0] as String 我可以保存它，但php告诉我比我尝试上传它时已经存在的，我想我发送的图像是空白的，否则会出错......我想我在路径和 filePathKey 之间混淆了我编辑我的答案！ @NicolasMiari - 这是 Swift 2。正如mimeTypeForPath 的评论所说，你需要 MobileCoreServices。所以，在文件的顶部，做import MobileCoreServices。
@luke - 这是一个见仁见智的问题，但感觉客户端应用程序有点纠结于后端架构的实现细节。您还可能要处理两个身份验证系统和两个故障点。我可能会倾向于应用程序的单一端点，并让网络服务管理图像存储。
@KrutikaSonawala - 以上，我假设您有一个编写 JSON 响应的 Web 服务。 （这是让 Web 服务向客户端应用程序返回可解析响应的最可靠方法之一。）也许您的 Web 服务并非旨在返回 JSON 响应。或者，您的 Web 服务中可能存在错误，导致它无法创建正确的 JSON 响应。根据您的评论，我无法诊断。如果上述内容不清楚，我建议您发布您自己的问题，向我们展示您做了什么、您期望的回复以及您实际收到的回复。【参考方案2】：
AlamoFire 现在支持 Multipart：
https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire#uploading-multipartformdata
这是一篇博客文章，其中包含有关将 Multipart 与 AlamoFire 结合使用的示例项目。
http://www.thorntech.com/2015/07/4-essential-swift-networking-tools-for-working-with-rest-apis/
相关代码可能如下所示（假设您使用的是 AlamoFire 和 SwiftyJSON）：
func createMultipart(image: UIImage, callback: Bool -> Void)
// use SwiftyJSON to convert a dictionary to JSON
var parameterJSON = JSON([
"id_user": "test"
])
// JSON stringify
let parameterString = parameterJSON.rawString(encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, options: nil)
let jsonParameterData = parameterString!.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: true)
// convert image to binary
let imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 0.7)
// upload is part of AlamoFire
upload(
.POST,
URLString: "http://httpbin.org/post",
multipartFormData: multipartFormData in
// fileData: puts it in "files"
multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(fileData: jsonParameterData!, name: "goesIntoFile", fileName: "json.txt", mimeType: "application/json")
multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(fileData: imageData, name: "file", fileName: "iosFile.jpg", mimeType: "image/jpg")
// data: puts it in "form"
multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(data: jsonParameterData!, name: "goesIntoForm")
,
encodingCompletion: encodingResult in
switch encodingResult
case .Success(let upload, _, _):
upload.responseJSON request, response, data, error in
let json = JSON(data!)
println("json:: \(json)")
callback(true)
case .Failure(let encodingError):
callback(false)
)
let fotoImage = UIImage(named: "foto")
createMultipart(fotoImage!, callback: success in
if success
)
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：谢谢@Rob，您的代码运行良好，但就我而言，我正在从图库中检索图像并使用代码获取图像名称：
let filename = url.lastPathComponent
但是这段代码，显示图像扩展名为 .JPG（大写字母），但服务器不接受大写字母扩展名，所以我将代码更改为：
let filename = (path.lastPathComponent as NSString).lowercaseString
现在我的代码运行良好。
谢谢你:)
【讨论】：
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