GCM + AppEngine - 应用没有收到推送通知
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【中文标题】GCM + AppEngine - 应用没有收到推送通知【英文标题】：GCM + AppEngine - app does not receive push notifications 【发布时间】：2014-07-14 22:01:18 【问题描述】：我正在为我的 appengine 服务器开发一个应用客户端，该服务器支持推送通知服务。 我已经设置和部署了服务器部分并且能够注册我的设备，但是一旦我发送了推送通知，它就永远不会到达应用程序。
我在应用程序和后端都使用 android Studio，并按照此处的步骤操作：https://github.com/manfredzab/gradle-appengine-templates/tree/master/GcmEndpoints。
AndroidManifest：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.myapp" >
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name=".MyActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<receiver
android:name=".GcmBroadcastReceiver"
android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
<category android:name="com.example.myapp" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<service android:name=".GcmIntentService" />
</application>
<permission
android:name="com.example.myapp.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE" />
<!-- <uses-permission android:name="com.example.gcm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" /> -->
<uses-permission android:name="com.example.myapp.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.example.myapp.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE" />
</manifest>
主活动：
package com.example.myapp;
public class MyActivity extends ActionBarActivity
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);
new GcmRegistrationAsyncTask().execute(this);
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.my, menu);
return true;
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == R.id.action_settings)
return true;
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
广播接收器
public class GcmBroadcastReceiver extends WakefulBroadcastReceiver
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
// Explicitly specify that GcmIntentService will handle the intent.
ComponentName comp = new ComponentName(context.getPackageName(),
GcmIntentService.class.getName());
// Start the service, keeping the device awake while it is launching.
startWakefulService(context, (intent.setComponent(comp)));
setResultCode(Activity.RESULT_OK);
Log.i("blabla","notification received");
意图服务
public class GcmIntentService extends IntentService
public GcmIntentService()
super("GcmIntentService");
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent)
Log.i("blabla", "notification received");
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
GoogleCloudMessaging gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(this);
// The getMessageType() intent parameter must be the intent you received
// in your BroadcastReceiver.
String messageType = gcm.getMessageType(intent);
if (extras != null && !extras.isEmpty()) // has effect of unparcelling Bundle
// Since we're not using two way messaging, this is all we really to check for
if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_MESSAGE.equals(messageType))
Logger.getLogger("GCM_RECEIVED").log(Level.INFO, extras.toString());
showToast(extras.getString("message"));
GcmBroadcastReceiver.completeWakefulIntent(intent);
protected void showToast(final String message)
new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable()
@Override
public void run()
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), message, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
);
消息传递端点：
@Api(name = "messaging", version = "v1", namespace = @ApiNamespace(ownerDomain = "myapp.example.com", ownerName = "myapp.example.com", packagePath=""))
public class MessagingEndpoint
private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(MessagingEndpoint.class.getName());
/** Api Keys can be obtained from the google cloud console */
private static final String API_KEY = System.getProperty("gcm.api.key");
public void sendMessage(@Named("message") String message) throws IOException
if(message == null || message.trim().length() == 0)
log.warning("Not sending message because it is empty");
return;
// crop longer messages
if (message.length() > 1000)
message = message.substring(0, 1000) + "[...]";
Sender sender = new Sender(API_KEY);
Message msg = new Message.Builder().addData("message", message).build();
List<RegistrationRecord> records = ofy().load().type(RegistrationRecord.class).limit(1000).list();
for(RegistrationRecord record : records)
Result result = sender.send(msg, record.getRegId(), 10);
if (result.getMessageId() != null)
log.info("Message sent to " + record.getRegId());
String canonicalRegId = result.getCanonicalRegistrationId();
if (canonicalRegId != null)
// if the regId changed, we have to update the datastore
log.info("Registration Id changed for " + record.getRegId() + " updating to " + canonicalRegId);
record.setRegId(canonicalRegId);
ofy().save().entity(record).now();
else
String error = result.getErrorCodeName();
if (error.equals(Constants.ERROR_NOT_REGISTERED))
log.warning("Registration Id " + record.getRegId() + " no longer registered with GCM, removing from datastore");
// if the device is no longer registered with Gcm, remove it from the datastore
ofy().delete().entity(record).now();
else
log.warning("Error when sending message : " + error);
OfyService：
public class OfyService
static
ObjectifyService.register(RegistrationRecord.class);
public static Objectify ofy()
return ObjectifyService.ofy();
public static ObjectifyFactory factory()
return ObjectifyService.factory();
注册端点
@Api(name = "registration", version = "v1",
namespace = @ApiNamespace(ownerDomain = "myapp.example.com", ownerName = "myapp.example.com", packagePath = ""))
public class RegistrationEndpoint
private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(RegistrationEndpoint.class.getName());
/**
* Register a device to the backend
*
* @param regId The Google Cloud Messaging registration Id to add
*/
@ApiMethod(name = "register")
public void registerDevice(@Named("regId") String regId)
if (findRecord(regId) != null)
log.info("Device " + regId + " already registered, skipping register");
return;
RegistrationRecord record = new RegistrationRecord();
record.setRegId(regId);
ofy().save().entity(record).now();
/**
* Unregister a device from the backend
*
* @param regId The Google Cloud Messaging registration Id to remove
*/
@ApiMethod(name = "unregister")
public void unregisterDevice(@Named("regId") String regId)
RegistrationRecord record = findRecord(regId);
if (record == null)
log.info("Device " + regId + " not registered, skipping unregister");
return;
ofy().delete().entity(record).now();
/**
* Return a collection of registered devices
*
* @param count The number of devices to list
* @return a list of Google Cloud Messaging registration Ids
*/
@ApiMethod(name = "listDevices")
public CollectionResponse<RegistrationRecord> listDevices(@Named("count") int count)
List<RegistrationRecord> records = ofy().load().type(RegistrationRecord.class).limit(count).list();
return CollectionResponse.<RegistrationRecord>builder().setItems(records).build();
private RegistrationRecord findRecord(String regId)
return ofy().load().type(RegistrationRecord.class).filter("regId", regId).first().now();
注册记录
@Entity
public class RegistrationRecord
@Id
Long id;
@Index
private String regId;
// you can add more fields...
public RegistrationRecord()
public String getRegId()
return regId;
public void setRegId(String regId)
this.regId = regId;
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello, Google Cloud Messaging!</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.1.1/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css">
<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.0/jquery.min.js" > </script>
<script src="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.1.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"> </script>
</head>
<body role="document" style="padding-top: 70px;">
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Hello, Google Cloud Messaging!</a>
</div>
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data- toggle="dropdown">Documentation <b class="caret"></b></a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/java/">Google App Engine</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/java/endpoints/">Google Cloud Endpoints</a></li>
<li><a href="http://developer.android.com/google/gcm/">Google Cloud Messaging</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/gradle-appengine-templates/tree/master/GcmEndpoints">Connecting your Android application to this backend</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="/_ah/api/explorer">Google Cloud Endpoints API Explorer</a></li>
<li><a href="https://console.developers.google.com">Google Developers Console</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container theme-showcase" role="main">
<!--
Output from GCM call.
-->
<div class="alert alert-success" style="visibility: collapse;" id="outputAlert"></div>
<!--
A form that takes a message text and submits it to "messaging" Endpoints API,
access to this Endpoints API is enabled once the client is loaded below.
-->
<div class="jumbotron">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12">
<h1>Hello, Google Cloud Messaging!</h1>
<p>Enter your message below and press "Send Message" button to send it over Google Cloud Messaging to all registered devices.</p>
<form>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control input-lg" placeholder="Message text" id="messageTextInput" />
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-default btn-primary btn-group btn-lg" type="submit" id="sendMessageButton">Send Message »</button>
</span>
</div>
</form>
<br/>
<p>If you need step-by-step instructions for connecting your Android application to this backend module, see <a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/gradle-appengine-templates/tree/master/GcmEndpoints">"App Engine Backend with Google Cloud Messaging" template documentation</a>.</p>
<p>
<small>
For more information about Google App Engine for Java, check out the <a href="https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/java/">App Engine documentation</a>.<br />
To learn more about Google Cloud Endpoints, see <a href="https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/java/endpoints/">Cloud Endpoints documentation</a>.<br />
Similarly, for more information about Google Cloud Messaging, see <a href="http://developer.android.com/google/gcm/">Cloud Messaging documentation</a>.<br />
If you'd like to access your generated Google Cloud Endpoints APIs directly, see the <a href="/_ah/api/explorer">Cloud Endpoints API Explorer</a>.
</small>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
// A function that attaches a "Send Message" button click handler
function enableClick()
document.getElementById('sendMessageButton').onclick = function()
var message = document.getElementById('messageTextInput').value;
if (!message)
message = '(Empty message)';
gapi.client.messaging.messagingEndpoint.sendMessage('message': message).execute(
function(response)
var outputAlertDiv = document.getElementById('outputAlert');
outputAlertDiv.style.visibility = 'visible';
if (response && response.error)
outputAlertDiv.className = 'alert alert-danger';
outputAlertDiv.innerHTML = '<b>Error Code:</b> ' + response.error.code + ' [' + response.error.message +']';
else
outputAlertDiv.className = 'alert alert-success';
outputAlertDiv.innerHTML = '<b>Success:</b> Message \"' + message + '\" sent to all registered devices!</h2>';
);
return false;
// This is called initially
function init()
var apiName = 'messaging'
var apiVersion = 'v1'
// set the apiRoot to work on a deployed app and locally
var apiRoot = '//' + window.location.host + '/_ah/api';
var callback = function()
enableClick();
gapi.client.load(apiName, apiVersion, callback, apiRoot);
</script>
<!--
Load the Google APIs Client Library for JavaScript
More info here : https://developers.google.com/api-client- library/javascript/reference/referencedocs
-->
<script src="https://apis.google.com/js/client.js?onload=init"></script>
</body>
</html>
appengine-web.xml
<appengine-web-app xmlns="http://appengine.google.com/ns/1.0">
<application>app-name-from-developers-console</application>
<version>1</version>
<threadsafe>true</threadsafe>
<system-properties>
<property name="java.util.logging.config.file" value="WEB-INF/logging.properties"/>
<property name="gcm.api.key" value="gcm-SERVER-api-key-from-dev-console"/>
</system-properties>
我不知道还要添加什么，后端似乎运行良好，因为注册已成功进行。我没有收到任何错误，什么都没有。我错过了什么？一定是某个地方出了点小错误，我看不出来。我假设所有的东西都已经建立好了，可以立即发送推送通知，因为它都是生成的。我的服务 api 密钥设置正确，并且已将 IPS 设置为允许的任何 IP。
【问题讨论】：
gcm 服务器是否成功响应？ 推送消息？我应该去哪里看？ 有几件事，你是使用本地开发服务器还是部署到 apppot。此外，在发送消息时打开浏览器开发工具并检查是否发现任何有趣的地方。 Appspot。我稍后会研究并让你知道“有趣”的部分。 确保您明确使用 https，一些旧版本的 appengine 模板的 javascript 页面不能很好地处理这个问题。您需要确保端点请求通过 https 并且端点 javascript 东西从地址栏中提取地址。 【参考方案1】：唯一的问题是我在 GCM 的主页 url 中有 http 而不是 https。改变这个解决了我的问题。
在 index.html 中我改变了
// This is called initially
function init()
var apiName = 'messaging'
var apiVersion = 'v1'
// set the apiRoot to work on a deployed app and locally
var apiRoot = '//' + window.location.host + '/_ah/api';
var callback = function()
enableClick();
gapi.client.load(apiName, apiVersion, callback, apiRoot);
到
// This is called initially
function init()
var apiName = 'messaging'
var apiVersion = 'v1'
// set the apiRoot to work on a deployed app and locally
var apiRoot = 'https://' + window.location.host + '/_ah/api';
var callback = function()
enableClick();
gapi.client.load(apiName, apiVersion, callback, apiRoot);
【讨论】：
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