遍历嵌套的 JSON 对象并使用 Python 获取值

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】遍历嵌套的 JSON 对象并使用 Python 获取值

【英文标题】：iterate through nested JSON object and get values with Python

【发布时间】：2016-04-21 12:03:16

【问题描述】：

我正在使用 Python；我需要遍历 JSON 对象并检索嵌套值。我的数据的 sn-p 如下：

 "bills": [

  "url": "http:\/\/maplight.org\/us-congress\/bill\/110-hr-195\/233677",
  "jurisdiction": "us",
  "session": "110",
  "prefix": "H",
  "number": "195",
  "measure": "H.R. 195 (110\u003csup\u003eth\u003c\/sup\u003e)",
  "topic": "Seniors' Health Care Freedom Act of 2007",
  "last_update": "2011-08-29T20:47:44Z",
  "organizations": [
    
      "organization_id": "22973",
      "name": "National Health Federation",
      "disposition": "support",
      "citation": "The National Health Federation (n.d.). \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.thenhf.com\/government_affairs_federal.html\"\u003e\u003ccite\u003e Federal Legislation on Consumer Health\u003c\/cite\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e. Retrieved August 6, 2008, from The National Health Federation.",
      "catcode": "J3000"
    ,
    
      "organization_id": "27059",
      "name": "A Christian Perspective on Health Issues",
      "disposition": "support",
      "citation": "A Christian Perspective on Health Issues (n.d.). \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.acpohi.ws\/page1.html\"\u003e\u003ccite\u003ePart E - Conclusion\u003c\/cite\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e. Retrieved August 6, 2008, from .",
      "catcode": "X7000"
    ,
    
      "organization_id": "27351",
      "name": "Natural Health Roundtable",
      "disposition": "support",
      "citation": "Natural Health Roundtable (n.d.). \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/naturalhealthroundtable.com\/reform_agenda\"\u003e\u003ccite\u003eNatural Health Roundtable SUPPORTS the following bills\u003c\/cite\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e. Retrieved August 6, 2008, from Natural Health Roundtable.",
      "catcode": "J3000"
    
  ]
,

我需要遍历“票据”中的每个对象并获得“会话”、“前缀”等，我还需要遍历每个“组织”并获得“名称”、“处置”等。我有以下代码：

import csv
import json

path = 'E:/Thesis/thesis_get_data'

with open (path + "/" + 'maplightdata110congress.json',"r") as f:
data = json.load(f)
a = data['bills']
b = data['bills'][0]["prefix"]
c = data['bills'][0]["number"]

h = data['bills'][0]['organizations'][0]
e = data['bills'][0]['organizations'][0]['name']
f = data['bills'][0]['organizations'][0]['catcode']
g = data['bills'][0]['organizations'][0]['catcode']

for i in a:
    for index in e:
          print ('name')

它会多次返回字符串“name”。

建议？

【参考方案1】：

我在另一个论坛上找到了解决方案，并想在这里与大家分享，以防有人再次遇到这种情况。

import csv
import json

path = 'E:/Thesis/thesis_get_data'

with open (path + "/" + 'maplightdata110congress.json',"r") as f:
data = json.load(f)

for bill in data['bills']:
    for organization in bill['organizations']:
        print (organization.get('name'))`

【参考方案2】：

这可能会对你有所帮助。

def func1(data):
    for key,value in data.items():
        print (str(key)+'->'+str(value))
        if type(value) == type(dict()):
            func1(value)
        elif type(value) == type(list()):
            for val in value:
                if type(val) == type(str()):
                    pass
                elif type(val) == type(list()):
                    pass
                else:
                    func1(val)
func1(data)

您所要做的就是将 JSON 对象作为字典传递给函数。

还有这个 python 库可以帮助你。你可以在这里找到这个 -> JsonJ

和平兄弟！！！

【讨论】：

得到一些输出，但大多是错误：for key,value in data.items(): AttributeError: 'unicode' object has no attribute 'items'

@Shaze，你能不能请你交叉检查数据是 dict 类型还是其他类型..

【参考方案3】：

这个问题是双重嵌套的，所以两个for loops 有意义。

以下是 Pluralsight 使用他们的 GraphGL 的摘录，其中包含一个深入三个级别以获取进度、用户或课程信息的示例：

  "data": 
    "courseProgress": 
      "nodes": [
        
          "user": 
            "id": "1",
            "email": "[e-mail]",
            "startedOn": "2019-07-26T05:00:50.523Z"
          ,
          "course": 
            "id": "22",
            "title": "Building Machine Learning Models in Python with scikit-learn"
          ,
          "percentComplete": 34.0248,
          "lastViewedClipOn": "2019-07-26T05:26:54.404Z"
        
      ]
    
  

解析这个 JSON 的代码：

for item in items["data"]["courseProgress"]["nodes"]:
    print(item["user"].get('email'))
    print(item["course"].get('title'))
    print(item.get('percentComplete'))
    print(item.get('lastViewedClipOn'))

【参考方案4】：

细化为@Joish's answer

def func1(data):
    for key,value in data.items():
        print (str(key)+'->'+str(value))
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            func1(value)
        elif isinstance(value, list):
            for val in value:
                if isinstance(val, str):
                    pass
                elif isinstance(val, list):
                    pass
                else:
                    func1(val)
func1(data)

同实现here