Django3.0：来自数据库的图像在 debug=False 后未显示

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】Django3.0：来自数据库的图像在 debug=False 后未显示

【英文标题】：Django3.0: Images from database not showing-up after debug=False

【发布时间】：2020-12-12 11:29:15

【问题描述】：

在我的设置中debug=False 之后。数据库中的图像没有显示，否则它们会显示。静态文件显示得非常好。甚至我的媒体文件也出现在debug=False 之前。数据库有正确的文件地址，但覆盖不显示。

以下是代码，我如何访问封面图片。

<div class="product-top">
     <img src=" product.cover.url " >
     <h5> product.title </h5>
</div>

我的settings.py相关代码：

import os
import django_heroku

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
TEMP_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')


# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'abc'


# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']


EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com'
EMAIL_HOST_USER = '[e-mail]'
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'xyz'
EMAIL_PORT = 25
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = '[e-mail]'
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
BASE_URL = '127.0.0.1:8000'

MANAGERS = (
    ('abc', "[e-mail]"),
)

ADMINS = MANAGERS


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'debug_toolbar',
    'crispy_forms',
    # myapps

    'myapp',

]

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'accounts.User'

STRIPE_SECRET_KEY = 'abc'
STRIPE_PUB_KEY = 'abc'

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware',
    # Simplified static file serving.
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'project.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [TEMP_DIR]
        ,
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': 
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        ,
    ,
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'project.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = 
    'default': 
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    

## Password hashing (included)

    PASSWORD_HASHERS = [
    
        'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2PasswordHasher',
        'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher',
        'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher',
    ]

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    ,
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    ,
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, javascript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_br = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,
                         'bookrepo/static')


STATIC_seller = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'seller/static')

STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    STATIC_br, STATIC_seller
]
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles/')

# MEDIA INFORMATION:

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media/')

正如我的terminal 在debug=false 之后所说：

[23/Aug/2020 23:07:00] "GET /media/covers/product1.PNG HTTP/1.1" 404 11974

正如我的terminal 在debug=true 之后所说：

[23/Aug/2020 23:25:15] "GET /media/covers/product1.PNG HTTP/1.1" 200 103898

【问题讨论】：

当使用带有DEBUG=True url 模式的runserver 来为您的静态和媒体文件提供服务时。要在生产环境中提供文件，您需要配置网络服务器以提供这些目录

@lain 如果您能用一些相关代码告诉我出路，请多多关照。我什至部署到 heroku，静态文件也显示在那里，但没有媒体文件。

这与代码无关，更多与配置部署有关，请参阅静态文件的 Django 文档（这也适用于使用基于文件的后端时的媒体文件）docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/static-files/deployment

【参考方案1】：

值得注意的是，当 debug 为 false 时，django 本身不提供静态和媒体文件。如果您在生产中，则应使用反向代理，如 ha proxy 或 nginx，否则将 debug 设置为 true 以进行本地开发 下面是为您的应用程序、静态和媒体文件提供服务的 nginx 服务器块的示例。

server 
    server_name your_server_ip;
    proxy_read_timeout 600s;
    client_max_body_size 25M;

    location /static 
            alias /home/trello/static/;
    


    location /media 
            alias /home/trello/media/;
    


    location / 
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_redirect off;
    

   

【讨论】：

对不起，我是初学者。那么，请您告诉我在哪里以及如何将此块用于本地服务器http://127.0.0.1:8000。谢谢

如果你在 Linux 上，你应该安装 nginx 然后在 'etc/nginx/sites-available/' 创建配置脚本 'your_configuration.conf' 然后添加你的块并运行命令：'ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/reverse-proxy.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/your_configuration.conf' 符号链接然后最后'nginx -t' 来测试配置