配置不当的静态文件
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【中文标题】配置不当的静态文件【英文标题】：ImproperlyConfigured staticfiles 【发布时间】：2015-12-23 17:57:34 【问题描述】：我在 Heroku 上部署了简单的博客应用程序，它在 Django=1.8.4 上运行，但我遇到了一些静态文件问题。
当打开我的应用程序时，我看到Application Error 页面，所以我尝试调试它并发现当我提交到 Heroku 时，它无法在我的静态文件夹上执行 collectstatic。其他一切正常，Heroku 向我展示 Build succeeded 但无法执行
remote: -----> Preparing static assets
remote: Collectstatic configuration error. To debug, run:
remote: $ heroku run python bloggy_project/manage.py collectstatic --noinput
所以 Heroku 想让我调试它。在我输入后
heroku run python bloggy_project/manage.py collectstatic --noinput
错误日志显示：
Running python bloggy_project/manage.py collectstatic --noinput on greenbloggy... up, run.4682
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "bloggy_project/manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 190, in fetch_command
klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 41, in load_command_class
return module.Command()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 32, in __init__
self.storage.path('')
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py", line 48, in path
raise ImproperlyConfigured("You're using the staticfiles app "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: You're using the staticfiles app without having set the STATIC_ROOT setting to a filesystem path.
已经尝试用谷歌搜索答案，我现在很困惑，因为我已经阅读了一堆关于静态文件的帖子。有人可以告诉我这里出了什么问题，这样我就可以学习和理解一些东西。
我的设置.py：
"""
Django settings for bloggy_project project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.8.4.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/
"""
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
import os
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'oi1+cyk&9g-n*nyiymkjzt6-es@!g7=edzpx+--rdsj4kw&4&3'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
# Local Apps
'blog',
# Third party apps
'django_forms_bootstrap',
)
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
)
ROOT_URLCONF = 'bloggy_project.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS':
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
,
,
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'bloggy_project.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES =
'default':
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': '',
'USER': '',
'PASSWORD': '',
'HOST': '',
'POST': '',
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'Europe/Belgrade'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, javascript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/static-files/
# Static asset configuration
# Allow all host hosts/domain names for this site
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
# Srse database configuration from $DATABASE_URL
import dj_database_url
DATABASES = 'default': dj_database_url.config()
# Honor the 'X-Forwarded-Proto' header for request.is_secure()
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')
# try to load development_settings.py if exists
try:
from .development_settings import *
except Exception, e:
pass
import os
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
# STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)
更新：
当我注释掉STATIC_ROOT，然后做
heroku run python bloggy_project/manage.py collectstatic --noinput
现在显示错误日志，这部分令人困惑，为什么现在出现这个错误，如果我需要将STATIC_ROOT 放在我的settings.py 中？
新的错误日志：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "bloggy_project/manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 393, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 168, in handle
collected = self.collect()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 97, in collect
for finder in get_finders():
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 264, in get_finders
yield get_finder(finder_path)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/lru_cache.py", line 101, in wrapper
result = user_function(*args, **kwds)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 277, in get_finder
return Finder()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 66, in __init__
"The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should not contain the STATIC_ROOT setting
【问题讨论】：
错误说明出了什么问题：你没有设置 STATIC_ROOT。出于某种原因，您在 settings.py 中注释掉了设置它的行。 @DanielRoseman，我更新了我的问题，做到了，注释掉了STATIC_ROOT，但现在它显示另一个错误，这部分让我很困惑，为什么现在出现这个错误？跨度>
【参考方案1】：
您收到此错误是因为您的设置变量 STATIC_ROOT 和 STATICFILES_DIRS 包含完全相同的路径 (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'))。这是一个无效的配置。
STATIC_ROOT 是您希望 Django 放置使用collectstatic 收集的静态文件的绝对路径。您的网络服务器将从该目录提供静态文件。
STATICFILES_DIRS 是您希望collectstatic 在收集静态文件时查看的目录列表。如果不能包含STATIC_ROOT 或其任何子目录。
尝试删除STATICFILES_DIRS 设置，看看是否有效。如果您将静态文件放在某个非标准位置，请更改设置以包含该位置。
【讨论】：
静态文件夹是我的项目根目录，其中 manage.py。在这里检查 [repository](github.com/Copser/BlogsterDj/tree/master/bloggy_project)，不在家里的 atm，但我会尝试按照你的建议和结果信息。 我解决了一个静态文件问题，需要在本地做./manage collectstatic，谢谢。【参考方案2】：
也许你没有在 Django setting.py 中给出 STATIC_ROOT 路径，所以请再次检查，如果没有提供路径。给出您选择的路径，然后运行它将运行的命令。
【讨论】：
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