尝试在 Django 1.9 中迁移——奇怪的 SQL 错误 "django.db.utils.OperationalError: near ")": syntax er

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】尝试在 Django 1.9 中迁移——奇怪的 SQL 错误 "django.db.utils.OperationalError: near ")": syntax error"

【英文标题】：Trying to migrate in Django 1.9 -- strange SQL error "django.db.utils.OperationalError: near ")": syntax error"

【发布时间】：2016-10-23 16:25:26

【问题描述】：

我不知道是什么导致了这个错误。这似乎是一个没有修复的错误。谁能告诉我如何解决这个问题？这让我很沮丧。谢谢。

Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, optilab, auth, sessions
Running migrations:
  Rendering model states... DONE
  Applying optilab.0006_auto_20160621_1640...Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 345, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 348, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 399, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 200, in handle
    executor.migrate(targets, plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 92, in migrate
    self._migrate_all_forwards(plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 121, in _migrate_all_forwards
    state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 198, in apply_migration
    state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\migration.py", line 123, in apply
    operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\operations\fields.py", line 121, in database_forwards
    schema_editor.remove_field(from_model, from_model._meta.get_field(self.name))
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\schema.py", line 247, in remove_field
    self._remake_table(model, delete_fields=[field])
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\schema.py", line 197, in _remake_table
    self.quote_name(model._meta.db_table),
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 110, in execute
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 79, in execute
    return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 95, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 323, in execute
    return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: near ")": syntax error

这是 0006_auto_20160621_1640.py 的内容

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Generated by Django 1.9.6 on 2016-06-21 22:40
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.db import migrations


class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    dependencies = [
        ('optilab', '0005_test'),
    ]

    operations = [
        migrations.RemoveField(
            model_name='lasersubstrate',
            name='substrate_ptr',
        ),
        migrations.RemoveField(
            model_name='waveguidesubstrate',
            name='substrate_ptr',
        ),
        migrations.DeleteModel(
            name='LaserSubstrate',
        ),
        migrations.DeleteModel(
            name='WaveguideSubstrate',
        ),
    ]

这是运行'python manage.py sqlmigrate optilab 0006'产生的SQL

BEGIN;
--
-- Remove field substrate_ptr from lasersubstrate
--
ALTER TABLE "optilab_lasersubstrate" RENAME TO "optilab_lasersubstrate__old";
CREATE TABLE "optilab_lasersubstrate" ("substrate_ptr_id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES "optilab_substrate" ("id"));
INSERT INTO "optilab_lasersubstrate" () SELECT  FROM "optilab_lasersubstrate__old";
DROP TABLE "optilab_lasersubstrate__old";
--
-- Remove field substrate_ptr from waveguidesubstrate
--
ALTER TABLE "optilab_waveguidesubstrate" RENAME TO "optilab_waveguidesubstrate__old";
CREATE TABLE "optilab_waveguidesubstrate" ("substrate_ptr_id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES "optilab_substrate" ("id"));
INSERT INTO "optilab_waveguidesubstrate" () SELECT  FROM "optilab_waveguidesubstrate__old";
DROP TABLE "optilab_waveguidesubstrate__old";
--
-- Delete model LaserSubstrate
--
DROP TABLE "optilab_lasersubstrate";
--
-- Delete model WaveguideSubstrate
--
DROP TABLE "optilab_waveguidesubstrate";

COMMIT;

【问题讨论】：

@e4c5 抱歉，不知道那是什么，也不知道如何找到它。

使用find 命令或查看IDE 中的树视图很简单。但是，需要的是 optilab 的迁移文件夹中以 0006 开头的文件

@e4c5 感谢您的耐心等待。我正在使用文件编辑帖子...

@e4c5 它没有产生错误。

@e4c5 我包含了 sqlmigrate 输出。

【参考方案1】：

这似乎是导致错误的行：

 INSERT INTO "optilab_lasersubstrate" () SELECT  FROM "optilab_lasersubstrate__old";

通常希望您在这些括号中有一个列列表。例如INSERT INTO "optilab_lasersubstrate" (col1,col2,etc) 但是迁移产生了一个空白集！同样，SELECT FROM 部分应该读作SELECT col1,col2 FROM。通过一些奇怪的事件，您似乎设法创建了一个没有列的表！

我从您的迁移文件中看到，您无论如何都会删除此表。所以没有任何理由与RemoveField 部分抗争。与 RemoveField 相关的代码会导致错误。如下更改您的迁移：

class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    dependencies = [
        ('optilab', '0005_test'),
    ]

    operations = [
        migrations.DeleteModel(
            name='LaserSubstrate',
        ),
        migrations.DeleteModel(
            name='WaveguideSubstrate',
        ),
    ]

【讨论】：

很高兴能帮上忙

我也遇到了这个问题。这只是对原因的猜测 - 我创建并迁移了一个只是占位符 class Mumble: pass 的应用程序。它有 no 字段。

嗯，这也发生在我身上，但我所做的只是试图删除很多我不再使用的模型（它们与 Django-CMS 插件有关）

顺便说一句，我的迁移有 DeleteModel 命令，但只是在一些（不必要的？）RemoveFields 这似乎是问题的原因之后。

【参考方案2】：

在中断的行中编辑 base.py 并将其更新为：

def execute(self, query, params=None):
    if params is None:
        if '()' not in str(query):
            return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query)
    query = self.convert_query(query)
    if '()' not in str(query):
        return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)