如何通过 C#.net 中的 DeviceIoControl 使用 IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT？
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【中文标题】如何通过 C#.net 中的 DeviceIoControl 使用 IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT？【英文标题】：How to use IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT via DeviceIoControl from C#.net? 【发布时间】：2013-10-22 14:38:57 【问题描述】：我的任务是实施一个可靠的解决方案来检索硬盘驱动器的序列号。不幸的是，the WMI method 根本不可靠。所以我正在寻找另一种解决方案。
我找到了software 中的这个小piece，它正是我想在C#.net 中实现的。幸运的是，源代码也是available。
基本上我想在 C# 中实现来自 diskid32 的函数 ReadIdeDriveAsScsiDriveInNT。
我如何与设备通信：
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern bool DeviceIoControl(
SafeFileHandle device,
int inputOutputControlCode,
[In] ref sbyte[] inputBuffer,
int inputBufferSize,
[In] [Out] ref sbyte[] outputBuffer,
int outputBufferSize,
ref uint bytesCount,
int overlapped);
public static string GetSerialNumberUsingMiniportDriver(int deviceNumber)
using (var device = OpenScsi(2))
var bytesReturned = default(uint);
var sio = new ScsiRequestBlockInputOutputControl();
var sop = new SendCommandOutParameters();
var sip = new SendCommandInParameters();
var buffer = new byte[Marshal.SizeOf(sio) + Marshal.SizeOf(sop) + IdentifyBufferSize];
sio.HeaderLength = Marshal.SizeOf(sio);
sio.Timeout = 10000;
sio.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(sop) + IdentifyBufferSize;
sio.ControlCode = InputOutputControlSCSIMiniportIdentify;
sio.Signature = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("SCSIDISK".ToCharArray());
var ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(sio));
Marshal.StructureToPtr(sio, ptr, true);
Marshal.Copy(ptr, buffer, 0, Marshal.SizeOf(sio));
sip.DriveRegister.CommandRegister = IDEATAIdentify;
sip.DriveNumber = 0;
ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(sip));
Marshal.StructureToPtr(sip, ptr, true);
Marshal.Copy(ptr, buffer, Marshal.SizeOf(sio), Marshal.SizeOf(sip));
var signedBuffer = new sbyte[buffer.Length];
Buffer.BlockCopy(buffer, 0, signedBuffer, 0, buffer.Length);
if (
!DeviceIoControl(
device,
InputOutputControlSCSIMiniport,
ref signedBuffer,
Marshal.SizeOf(sio) + Marshal.SizeOf(sip) - 1,
ref signedBuffer,
Marshal.SizeOf(sio) + Marshal.SizeOf(sop) + IdentifyBufferSize,
ref bytesReturned,
0))
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
var result = new StringBuilder();
result.Append(buffer);
return result.ToString();
我如何创建句柄：
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFile(
string fileName,
int desiredAccess,
FileShare shareMode,
IntPtr securityAttributes,
FileMode creationDisposition,
FileAttributes flagsAndAttributes,
IntPtr templateFile);
private static SafeFileHandle OpenScsi(int scsiNumber)
var device = CreateFile(string.Format(@"\\.\Scsi0:", scsiNumber), 0, FileShare.ReadWrite, IntPtr.Zero, FileMode.Open, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
if (device.IsInvalid)
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
return device;
signedBuffer 包含与 diskid32 示例中的缓冲区完全相同的字节！ Diskid32 返回那个句柄 \\.\Scsi2: 和 DriveNumber = 0 一个结果，所以我使用相同的参数。
创建句柄时有所不同。我也尝试过 diskid32 中的内容。没有任何成功。
当我在 C# 中调用 DeviceIoControl 时，我总是得到一个 Win32Exception，即 Access denied。有人有想法吗？
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：主要问题是我以错误的权限访问了设备，并且其中一个结构的布局错误。
首先我下载了WinDDK 以了解这些结构的真实外观。我将使用过的结构翻译成C#。
这里有一个来自WinDDK\7600.16385.1\inc\api\ntddscsi.h的例子：
/// <summary>
/// The SRB_IO_CONTROL.
/// Define header for I/O control SRB.
/// </summary>
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct SRB_IO_CONTROL
/// <summary>
/// The HeaderLength.
/// </summary>
public uint HeaderLength;
/// <summary>
/// The Signature.
/// </summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 8)]
public byte[] Signature;
/// <summary>
/// The Timeout.
/// </summary>
public uint Timeout;
/// <summary>
/// The ControlCode.
/// </summary>
public uint ControlCode;
/// <summary>
/// The ReturnCode.
/// </summary>
public uint ReturnCode;
/// <summary>
/// The Length.
/// </summary>
public uint Length;
我已将访问设备的权限值更改为0x80000000 | 0x40000000。这是我打开设备句柄的方法：
/// <summary>
/// The open scsi.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="scsiNumber">
/// The scsi number.
/// </param>
/// <returns>
/// The <see cref="SafeFileHandle"/>.
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="Win32Exception">
/// Will be thrown, when the safe file handle is not valid.
/// </exception>
private static SafeFileHandle OpenScsi(int scsiNumber)
var device = FileManagement.CreateFile(
string.Format(@"\\.\Scsi0:", scsiNumber),
WinNT.GENERIC_READ | WinNT.GENERIC_WRITE,
FileShare.ReadWrite,
IntPtr.Zero,
FileMode.Open,
0,
IntPtr.Zero);
if (device.IsInvalid)
throw new NativeException(string.Format(@"Error during the creation of a safe file handle for \\.\Scsi0:", scsiNumber));
return device;
最后，我的代码如何收集设备序列号：
/// <summary>
/// The get serial number using miniport driver.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="busNumber">
/// The bus number.
/// </param>
/// <param name="deviceNumber">
/// The device number.
/// </param>
/// <returns>
/// The <see cref="string"/>.
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="NativeException">
/// Throws an excpetion, if the device io control couldn't execute successfully!
/// </exception>
internal static string GetSerialNumberUsingMiniportDriver(int busNumber, byte deviceNumber = 0)
using (var device = OpenScsi(busNumber))
var bytesReturned = default(uint);
var sic = new SCSI.SRB_IO_CONTROL();
var sop = new Disk.SENDCMDOUTPARAMS();
var sip = new Disk.SENDCMDINPARAMS();
var id = new ATA.IDENTIFY_DEVICE_DATA();
var buffer = new byte[Marshal.SizeOf(sic) + Marshal.SizeOf(sop) + Marshal.SizeOf(id)];
sic.HeaderLength = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(sic);
sic.Timeout = 10000;
sic.Length = (uint)(Marshal.SizeOf(sop) + Marshal.SizeOf(id));
sic.ControlCode = SCSI.IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT_IDENTIFY;
// disk access signature
sic.Signature = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("SCSIDISK".ToCharArray());
var ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(sic));
Marshal.StructureToPtr(sic, ptr, true);
Marshal.Copy(ptr, buffer, 0, Marshal.SizeOf(sic));
sip.irDriveRegs.bCommandReg = (byte)ATA.CTRL_CMDS.ATA_IDENTIFY;
sip.bDriveNumber = deviceNumber;
ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(sip));
Marshal.StructureToPtr(sip, ptr, true);
Marshal.Copy(ptr, buffer, Marshal.SizeOf(sic), Marshal.SizeOf(sip));
if (
!FileManagement.DeviceIoControl(
device,
SCSI.IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT,
buffer,
(uint)(Marshal.SizeOf(sic) + Marshal.SizeOf(sip) - 1),
buffer,
(uint)(Marshal.SizeOf(sic) + Marshal.SizeOf(sop) + Marshal.SizeOf(id)),
ref bytesReturned,
IntPtr.Zero))
throw new NativeException("P/invoke error on SCSI MINIPORT IDENTIFY");
var resultPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(id));
Marshal.Copy(buffer, Marshal.SizeOf(sic) + Marshal.SizeOf(sop), resultPtr, Marshal.SizeOf(id));
id = (ATA.IDENTIFY_DEVICE_DATA)Marshal.PtrToStructure(resultPtr, typeof(ATA.IDENTIFY_DEVICE_DATA));
var model = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(id.ModelNumber).Replace('\0', ' ').Trim();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(model))
model = model.Swap();
Logging.Add(
Message.Type.INFO,
string.Format("Found model definition (via IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT) for storage device #0/1: 2", busNumber, deviceNumber, model));
var serial = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(id.SerialNumber).Replace('\0', ' ').Trim();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(serial))
serial = serial.Swap();
Logging.Add(
Message.Type.INFO,
string.Format("Found serial number (via IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT) for storage device #0/1: 2", busNumber, deviceNumber, serial));
else
Logging.Add(
Message.Type.INFO,
string.Format("Couldn't find serial number (via IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT) for storage device #0/1", busNumber, deviceNumber));
return serial.Trim();
如果您想使用代码，您需要执行以下操作：
实现结构（您可以在 WinDDK 中找到它们）：SENDCMDOUTPARAMS、SENDCMDINPARAMS、IDENTIFY_DEVICE_DATA 和 SRB_IO_CONTROL
定义 const 值：IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT、IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT_IDENTIFY 和 ATA_IDENTIFY
我已经实现了一个 string 扩展来交换字符，它被使用了。
我的字符串扩展交换：
/// <summary>
/// The swap.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="input">
/// The input.
/// </param>
/// <returns>
/// The <see cref="string"/>.
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentException">
/// Can't swap input, which is null, empty or a white space!
/// </exception>
public static string Swap(this string input)
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(input))
throw new ArgumentException("Can't swap input, which is null, empty or a white space!");
var characters = input.ToCharArray();
var returnValue = new StringBuilder();
for (var i = 0; i < characters.Length; i++)
if (i % 2 != 0)
continue;
if ((i + 1) < characters.Length)
returnValue.Append(characters[i + 1]);
returnValue.Append(characters[i]);
return returnValue.ToString();
【讨论】：
看起来很棒@Mehrdad。我会调查一下。谢谢！ :-)以上是关于如何通过 C#.net 中的 DeviceIoControl 使用 IOCTL_SCSI_MINIPORT？的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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