LIBADD 不会在 ubuntu 上将一个 libtool 库添加到另一个库？

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】LIBADD 不会在 ubuntu 上将一个 libtool 库添加到另一个库？

【英文标题】：LIBADD won't add one libtool library to another on ubuntu?

【发布时间】：2012-08-14 06:29:34

【问题描述】：

我有一个使用 GNU 自动工具的项目，Makefile.am 的部分如下所示：

lib_LTLIBRARIES += myproj/mysupport/libmysupport.la
myproj_mysupport_libmysupport_la_SOURCES = myproj/mysupport/some_sources.cc

lib_LTLIBRARIES += myproj/myapp/libmyapp.la
myproj_myapp_libmyapp_la_SOURCES = myproj/myapp/app_logic.cc
myproj_myapp_libmyapp_la_LIBADD = myproj/mysupport/libmysupport.la

sbin_PROGRAMS += myproj/myapp/myapp
myproj_myapp_myapp_SOURCES = myproj/myapp/main.cc
myproj_myapp_myapp_LDADD = myproj/myapp/libmyapp.la

在这里，我有一个支持 (libtool) 库、一个应用程序库和一个二进制文件。应用程序库包含二进制保存main 中的所有内容，这是二进制引入的唯一来源。

在我的 Mac 上，编译和链接都很好，一切都很好。然而，在 Ubuntu 上，我收到此链接错误：

/bin/bash ./libtool --tag=CXX   --mode=link g++ -Wall -Wextra -Werror -ansi -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage --coverage -g -O0 -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage  -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib  -o myproj/myapp/myapp myproj/myapp/main.o myproj/myapp/libmyapp.la -lgcov -llog4cplus  -lboost_filesystem-mt -lboost_iostreams-mt -lboost_program_options-mt -lboost_system-mt -lboost_thread-mt -lboost_system-mt -pthread 
libtool: link: g++ -Wall -Wextra -Werror -ansi -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage --coverage -g -O0 -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -o myproj/myapp/.libs/myapp myproj/myapp/main.o -pthread  -L/usr/local/lib myproj/myapp/.libs/libmyapp.so -lgcov /usr/lib/liblog4cplus.so -lboost_filesystem-mt -lboost_iostreams-mt -lboost_program_options-mt -lboost_thread-mt -lboost_system-mt -pthread
/usr/bin/ld: myproj/myapp/main.o: undefined reference to symbol 'myproj::mysupport::Application::main(sauce::Modules&, int, char**)'
/usr/bin/ld: note: 'myproj::mysupport::Application::main(sauce::Modules&, int, char**)' is defined in DSO /home/user/code/local-myproj/debug/myproj/mysupport/.libs/libmysupport.so.0 so try adding it to the linker command line
/home/user/code/local-myproj/debug/myproj/mysupport/.libs/libmysupport.so.0: could not read symbols: Invalid operation
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

这是在我的 mac 上运行的等效 libtool 命令：

/bin/sh ./libtool --tag=CXX   --mode=link g++-4.2 -Wall -Wextra -Werror -ansi -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage --coverage -g -O0 -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage  -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib  -o myproj/myapp/myapp myproj/myapp/main.o myproj/myapp/libmyapp.la -lgcov -llog4cplus -L/usr/local/lib -lintl -R/usr/local/lib -Wl,-framework -Wl,CoreFoundation -lboost_filesystem-mt -lboost_iostreams-mt -lboost_program_options-mt -lboost_system-mt -lboost_thread-mt -lboost_system-mt
libtool: link: g++-4.2 -Wall -Wextra -Werror -ansi -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage --coverage -g -O0 -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib -o myproj/myapp/.libs/myapp myproj/myapp/main.o -Wl,-framework -Wl,CoreFoundation -Wl,-bind_at_load  -L/usr/local/lib myproj/myapp/.libs/libmyapp.dylib /home/user/code/myproj/debug/myproj/mysupport/.libs/libmysupport.dylib -lgcov -llog4cplus -lintl -lboost_filesystem-mt -lboost_iostreams-mt -lboost_program_options-mt -lboost_thread-mt -lboost_system-mt

一个关键的区别似乎是/home/user/code/myproj/debug/myproj/mysupport/.libs/libmysupport.dylib 在第二个变体的libtool: 回声中的出现。确实，如果我在文字 ubuntu 命令中添加等效参数，它会成功完成。

缺少的参数对应于Makefile.am 中的LIBADD 行。所以，问题是：我这样做对吗？如果是这样，为什么它可以在 OS X 而不是 Ubuntu 上运行？

OS X 上的一些相关版本：

$ autoconf --version
autoconf (GNU Autoconf) 2.69
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+/Autoconf: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>, <http://gnu.org/licenses/exceptions.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Written by David J. MacKenzie and Akim Demaille.
$ automake --version
automake (GNU automake) 1.12.2
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Written by Tom Tromey <[e-mail]>
       and Alexandre Duret-Lutz <[e-mail]>.
$ libtool -V
Apple Inc. version cctools-822
$ g++-4.2 --version
i686-apple-darwin11-g++-4.2.1 (GCC) 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

现在在 Ubuntu 上：

$ autoconf --version
autoconf (GNU Autoconf) 2.68
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+/Autoconf: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>, <http://gnu.org/licenses/exceptions.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Written by David J. MacKenzie and Akim Demaille.
$ automake --version
automake (GNU automake) 1.11.3
Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Written by Tom Tromey <[e-mail]>
       and Alexandre Duret-Lutz <[e-mail]>.
$ libtool --version
libtool (GNU libtool) 2.4.2
Written by Gordon Matzigkeit <[e-mail]>, 1996

Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
$ g++ --version
g++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) 4.6.3
Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

【参考方案1】：

您真的需要安装您的支持库吗？因为您可以尝试在 noinst_LTLIBRARIES 中声明它，看看是否可行。

【讨论】：

行得通！不，我不需要安装支持库，假设我仍然可以在没有它们的情况下运行安装的二进制文件。不过，我还是不明白：为什么我之前的方法不起作用？

我认为是因为noinst_ 和check_ 是为了方便库：gnu.org/software/automake/manual/html_node/…