检测传入的 SMS 消息

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【中文标题】检测传入的 SMS 消息【英文标题】:Detecting incoming SMS messages 【发布时间】:2020-03-06 14:16:39 【问题描述】:

在我的 android 代码中,我试图。下面的代码自 2 年以来一直在工作,但现在它停止工作了。我错过了哪些更新?

public class SmsListener extends BroadcastReceiver 

    private String msgBody;
    private SharedPreferences preferences;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub


        if(intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"))

            Toast.makeText(context,"message received",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();           //---get the SMS message passed in---
            SmsMessage[] msgs = null;
            String msg_from;
            if (bundle != null)
                //---retrieve the SMS message received---
                try
                    Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                    msgs = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
                    for(int i=0; i<msgs.length; i++)
                        msgs[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])pdus[i]);
                        msg_from = msgs[i].getOriginatingAddress();
                        msgBody = msgs[i].getMessageBody();
                        MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody);
                    

                    Toast.makeText(context,"message is:"+msgBody,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                catch(Exception e)
                    Log.d("Exception caught",e.getMessage());
                
            
        
    

在我的主要活动中,我请求用户许可,并使用 SMS 接收器如下:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);



//Updated///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
           if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
            requestSmsPermission();
        else 
            smsListener = new SmsListener();
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
            registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        

        ///////Updated///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    


private void requestSmsPermission() 
    String permission = Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS;
    int grant = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission);
    if ( grant != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) 
        String[] permission_list = new String[1];
        permission_list[0] = permission;
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permission_list, 1);

    


  @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) 
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == 1) 
            smsListener = new SmsListener();
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
            registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        
    

我的 Manifest.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.zaidalmahmoud.expenseless">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />

    <application
        android:name=".MyApplication"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".GraphActivity"></activity>
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <receiver
            android:name=".SmsListener"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BROADCAST_SMS">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <activity android:name=".DetailedExpenseActivity" />
    </application>

</manifest>

收到短信后,我的 android 应用程序没有检测到它,但它没有崩溃或显示任何内容。为什么?谢谢。

注意:我对接收带有验证码的短信不感兴趣。我希望我的应用程序能够捕获任何传入的 SMS。

【问题讨论】:

【参考方案1】:

Android 应用需要 SMS 接收/读取权限才能检索 SMS 内容。 Google 引入了 SMS Retriever API,此 API 允许在您的应用程序中无需 SMS 权限即可检索 OTP。

为 SMS Retriever API 添加这些依赖项

implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:16.0.1'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-identity:16.0.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth:16.0.1'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth-api-phone:16.0.0'

然后创建如下界面:

public interface OnNewMessageListener 
    void onNewMessageReceived(String activationCode);

然后,创建一个广播接收器来接收短信:

public class SmsBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver 
    OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener;

    public SmsBroadcastReceiver() 
    

    public SmsBroadcastReceiver(OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener) 
        this.onNewMessageListener = onNewMessageListener;
    

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
        if (SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) 
            Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
            if (extras != null) 
                Status status = (Status) extras.get(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_STATUS);

                if (status != null)
                    switch (status.getStatusCode()) 
                        case CommonStatusCodes.SUCCESS:
                            // Get SMS message contents
                            String message = (String) extras.get(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_SMS_MESSAGE);
                            // Extract one-time code from the message and complete verification
                            // by sending the code back to your server.
                            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(message)) 
                                String activationCode = null;
                                Pattern p = Pattern.compile("your pattern like \\b\\d4\\b");
                                Matcher m = p.matcher(message);
                                if (m.find()) 
                                    activationCode = (m.group(0));  // The matched substring
                                

                                if (onNewMessageListener != null && !TextUtils.isEmpty(activationCode))
                                    onNewMessageListener.onNewMessageReceived(activationCode);
                            
                            break;
                        case CommonStatusCodes.TIMEOUT:
                            // Waiting for SMS timed out (5 minutes)
                            // Handle the error ...
                            break;
                    
            
        
    

在您的AndroidManifest 声明广播接收器:

        <receiver
            android:name=".SmsBroadcastReceiver"
            android:exported="true"
            tools:ignore="ExportedReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.google.android.gms.auth.api.phone.SMS_RETRIEVED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

在您的活动中添加以下代码:

    private SmsBroadcastReceiver smsListener;

     @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    // Get an instance of SmsRetrieverClient, used to start listening for a matching
            // SMS message.
            SmsRetrieverClient client = SmsRetriever.getClient(Objects.requireNonNull(getContext()) /* context */);

            // Starts SmsRetriever, which waits for ONE matching SMS message until timeout
            // (5 minutes). The matching SMS message will be sent via a Broadcast Intent with
            // action SmsRetriever#SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION.
            Task<Void> task = client.startSmsRetriever();

            // Listen for success/failure of the start Task. If in a background thread, this
            // can be made blocking using Tasks.await(task, [timeout]);
            task.addOnSuccessListener(aVoid -> 
                // Successfully started retriever, expect broadcast intent
                // ...
            );

            task.addOnFailureListener(e -> 
                // Failed to start retriever, inspect Exception for more details
                // ...
            );

            OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener = activationCode -> 
                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(activationCode)) 
                    editText.setText(String.valueOf(activationCode));
                
            ;
            smsListener = new SmsBroadcastReceiver(onNewMessageListener);
            if (getContext() != null)
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) 
                    getContext().registerReceiver(smsListener, new IntentFilter(SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION));
                
    

    @Override
    public void onStop() 
        super.onStop();
        try 
            if (getContext() != null && smsListener != null) 
                getContext().unregisterReceiver(smsListener);
                smsListener = null;
            
         catch (Exception ignored) 
        
    

你的短信应该是这样的:

<#> Use 123456 as your verification code 
FC+7qAH5AZu

消息必须:

不超过 140 个字节 以前缀&lt;#&gt; 开头 包含客户端发送回您的服务器以完成验证流程的一次性代码 (see Generating a one-time code) 以 11 个字符的哈希字符串结尾,用于标识您的应用 (see Computing your app’s hash string)

有关更多信息,请参阅link。

更新

看到这个link。

编辑

将您的活动更改为:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);


    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
            requestSmsPermission();
        else 
            smsListener = new SmsListener();
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
            registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        


@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) 
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    if (requestCode == 1) 
    smsListener= new SmsListener();
    IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
    intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
    registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
    

更新

将您的 BroadcastReceiver 更改为:

public class SmsListener extends BroadcastReceiver 

    private String msgBody;
    private SharedPreferences preferences;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub


        if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")) 

            Toast.makeText(context, "message received", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
            try 
                if (bundle != null) 
                    final Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                    for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) 
                        SmsMessage smsMessage;
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
                            smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i], bundle.getString("format"));
                        else smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);

                        msg_from = smsMessage.getDisplayOriginatingAddress();
                        msgBody = smsMessage.getMessageBody();
                        MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody);
                    
                    Toast.makeText(context, "message is:" + msgBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                
             catch (Exception e) 
                Log.d("Exception caught", e.getMessage());
            
        
    

【讨论】:

感谢您的帮助,但我不想检测带有验证码的短信。我的问题是关于捕捉任何短信。事实上,我对一种完全不同的 SMS 很感兴趣。 谢谢,我尝试重用其中的一些代码,但我看不出我的代码和他的代码有什么不同,而且我的应用程序没有任何变化。未检测到短信。我需要知道我的错误到底在哪里。 嗨。我想告诉你,它只工作了一次,然后就停止工作了,我不知道为什么。我把你的代码放在最后一次编辑中 @TravelingSalesman 我认为您的问题在于: MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody);使用接口更新数据或将数据发送到主要活动。 我没有改变任何东西(可能除了一条祝酒消息),现在它又可以工作了。我会继续测试它,并让你知道。但我非常怀疑 MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody) 中是否存在问题,因为我对其进行了很好的测试,或者至少因为现在它可以正常工作而没有任何问题。【参考方案2】:

在您的 android 清单文件中声明 SMS 读取和接收权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />

那么我们需要一个 SMS Receiver 如下:

class SMSReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() 

override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent?) 
    if (intent != null && intent.action != null && intent.action!!.equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED", ignoreCase = true)) 
        val bundle = intent.extras
        if (bundle != null) 
            val sms = bundle.get(SMS_BUNDLE) as Array<Any>?
            val smsMsg = StringBuilder()

            var smsMessage: SmsMessage
            if (sms != null) 
                for (sm in sms) 
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) 
                        val format = bundle.getString("format")
                        smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu(sm as ByteArray, format)
                     else 
                        smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu(sm as ByteArray)
                    


                    val msgBody = smsMessage.messageBody.toString()
                    val msgAddress = smsMessage.originatingAddress

                    smsMsg.append("SMS from : ").append(msgAddress).append("\n")
                    smsMsg.append(msgBody).append("\n")
                

                sendBroadcast(smsMsg.toString())
            
        
    


private fun sendBroadcast(smsMSG: String) 
    val broadcastIntent = Intent()
    broadcastIntent.action = AppConstants.mBroadcastSMSUpdateAction
    broadcastIntent.putExtra(AppConstants.message, smsMSG)
    EventBus.getDefault().post(EventIntent(broadcastIntent))


companion object 

    val SMS_BUNDLE = "pdus"


您可以将收到的短信信息广播到您的 MainActivity。

然后你需要在你的 manifest 文件中声明 SMS Broadcast 接收器如下:

  <receiver
        android:name=".SMSReceiver"
        android:enabled="true">
        <intent-filter android:priority="2147483647">
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />

            <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

在 MainActivity 中启动应用程序后,您需要通过以下方式检查 SMS 权限:

Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS

您可以为此使用内置的 android 权限模块或 RxPermission:

  val rxPermissions = RxPermissions(this)
    rxPermissions.request(
            Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
            Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS)
            .subscribe(object : Observer<Boolean> 
                override fun onNext(t: Boolean) 
                    if (t) 

                     else 
                        Toast.makeText(activity, getString(R.string.permission_request_denied), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
                    
                
                override fun onSubscribe(d: Disposable) 
                override fun onError(e: Throwable) 
                override fun onComplete() 
            )

【讨论】:

您使用的是什么语言?那绝对不是java语法 @Traveling Salesman 这是 Kotlin 用于 Android 应用程序开发的新语言 不幸的是,我正在使用带有 Java 语法的 Android Studio。

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