将元素添加到结构中的 char 数组
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【中文标题】将元素添加到结构中的 char 数组【英文标题】：Adding elements to the char array in a struct 【发布时间】：2021-02-02 23:19:39 【问题描述】：我写的代码是一个从commands.txt逐行读取和执行命令的程序。如果程序读取一个名为 ADD 1 SENG101 的命令作为示例，它必须将学生号 1 添加到 seng101 课程中。我的 commands.txt 文件的一部分中有这 3 个命令。
ADD 1 SENG101
ADD 1 SENG202
ADD 2 SENG202
在调试我的程序时，我注意到ADD 1 SENG101工作正常，但是在执行以下命令时，我遇到了这样的问题。
Before SENG202 is added to the courses taken by the student:
After SENG202 is added to the courses taken by the student:
从我的鼠标尖端可以看出，需要添加的课程是“SSENG202”，即使它是“SENG202”。
我的代码中执行“添加”过程的部分：
else if (0 == strcmp("ADD", word1))
course_valid = 0;
lecturer_valid = 0;
student_valid = 0;
lecturer_course_load = 0;
student_course_load = 0;
student_taken_credits = 0;
who_is_taught = 0;
is_student_member_of_course = 0;
for (i = 0; i < number_of_courses; i++)
if (0 == strcmp(course[i].courseCode, word3))
course_valid = 1; //It was checked whether there was a course with the specified course name.
break;
for (j = 0; j < number_of_students; j++)
if (0 == strcmp(student[j].studentNumber, word2))
student_valid = 1; //It was checked whether there was a student with the specified name.
if (student[j].number_of_taken_courses < STUDENT_COURSE_LOAD)
student_course_load = 1; //The number of courses the specified student took was checked.
if (student[j].taken_credits < STUDENT_MAX_CREDITS)
student_taken_credits = 1; //The total course credits of the specified student were checked.
break;
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n");
if (student_taken_credits && student_course_load && student_valid && course_valid)
strcpy(&student[j].taken_courses[student[j].number_of_taken_courses], word3); //The specified course was added to the courses taken by the student.
student[j].number_of_taken_courses++; //The number of courses taken by the student has been increased.
strcpy(&course[i].who_is_taked[course[i].number_of_taked_students], word2); //The specified student has been added to the specified lesson.
course[i].number_of_taked_students++;
student[j].taken_credits += course[i].courseCredit;
else if (1 != (student_taken_credits && student_course_load && student_valid && course_valid))
fprintf(foutput, "Error!\n");
break;
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
如果你需要我所有的代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "stdlib.h"
#include <stdbool.h>
#pragma warning (disable:4996)
#define MAXCHAR 100
#define TEACHER_COURSE_LOAD 5
#define STUDENT_COURSE_LOAD 8
#define STUDENT_MAX_CREDITS 22
struct students
char studentNumber[50];
char studentName[50];
char studentSurname[50];
char taken_courses[50];
int number_of_taken_courses;
int taken_credits;
;
struct courses
char courseCode[10];
char courseName[50];
int courseCredit;
char who_is_taked[100];
char who_is_taught[100];
int number_of_taked_students;
;
struct lecturers
char regNumber[10];
char regSurname[50];
char regName[50];
char courses_taught[50];
int number_of_courses_taught;
;
/*
PLEASE SEND ARGUMENTS IN THE FOLLOWING ORDER TO THE PROGRAM
Ex: C:>DBMS students.txt lecturers.txt courses.txt commands.txt output.txt
*/
int main()
int number_of_students = -1;
int number_of_lecturers = -1;
int number_of_courses = -1;
char readed[MAXCHAR];
char word1[100];
char word2[100];
char word3[100];
FILE* fstudent = fopen("C:\\Users\\ayber\\Desktop\\Files\\students.txt", "r"); // "r" for read
FILE* flecturers = fopen("C:\\Users\\ayber\\Desktop\\Files\\lecturers.txt", "r"); // "r" for read
FILE* fcourses = fopen("C:\\Users\\ayber\\Desktop\\Files\\courses.txt", "r"); // "r" for read
FILE* fcommands = fopen("C:\\Users\\ayber\\Desktop\\Files\\commands.txt", "r"); // "r" for read
FILE* foutput = fopen("C:\\Users\\ayber\\Desktop\\Files\\output.txt", "a+"); // "a+" for append
while (fgets(readed, MAXCHAR, fstudent) != NULL)
number_of_students++; //Number of students has been founded!
struct students* student = malloc(number_of_students * sizeof(struct students)); //Memory allocated for number_of_students students!
rewind(fstudent); //File refreshed for re-read!
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int k = 0;
while (fgets(readed, MAXCHAR, fstudent) != NULL)
readed[strcspn(readed, "\n")] = 0;
if (sscanf(readed, "%s %s %s", word1, word2, word3) == 3)
strcpy(student[i].studentNumber, word1);
strcpy(student[i].studentName, word2); //All students in the file are assigned to the required variables.
strcpy(student[i].studentSurname, word3);
student[i].number_of_taken_courses = 0;
student[i].taken_credits = 0;
i++;
while (fgets(readed, MAXCHAR, flecturers) != NULL)
number_of_lecturers++; //Number of lecturers has been founded!
struct lecturers* lecturer = malloc(number_of_lecturers * sizeof(struct lecturers)); //Memory allocated for number_of_lecturers lecturers!
rewind(flecturers); //File refreshed for re-read!
i = 0;
while (fgets(readed, MAXCHAR, flecturers) != NULL)
readed[strcspn(readed, "\n")] = 0;
if (sscanf(readed, "%s %s %s", word1, word2, word3) == 3)
strcpy(lecturer[i].regNumber, word1);
strcpy(lecturer[i].regSurname, word2); //All lecturers in the file are assigned to the required variables.
strcpy(lecturer[i].regName, word3);
lecturer[i].number_of_courses_taught = 0;
i++;
while (fgets(readed, MAXCHAR, fcourses) != NULL)
number_of_courses++; //Number of courses number has been founded!
struct courses* course = malloc(number_of_courses * sizeof(struct courses)); //Memory allocated for number_of_courses courses!
rewind(fcourses); //File refreshed for re-read!
i = 0;
while (fgets(readed, MAXCHAR, fcourses) != NULL)
readed[strcspn(readed, "\n")] = 0;
if (sscanf(readed, "%s %s %s", word1, word2, word3) == 3)
strcpy(course[i].courseCode, word1);
strcpy(course[i].courseName, word2); //All courses in the file are assigned to the required variables.
course[i].courseCredit = atoi(word3);
strcpy(course[i].who_is_taught, " ");
course[i].number_of_taked_students = 0;
i++;
bool course_valid;
bool lecturer_valid;
bool student_valid;
bool lecturer_course_load;
bool student_course_load;
bool student_taken_credits;
bool who_is_taught;
bool is_student_member_of_course;
while (fgets(readed, MAXCHAR, fcommands) != NULL) //STARTED TO READ COMMANDS.TXT
readed[strcspn(readed, "\n")] = 0;
if (sscanf(readed, "%s %s %s", word1, word2, word3) == 3)
if (0 == strcmp("ASSIGN", word1))
course_valid = 0;
lecturer_valid = 0;
student_valid = 0;
lecturer_course_load = 0;
student_course_load = 0;
student_taken_credits = 0;
who_is_taught = 0;
is_student_member_of_course = 0;
for (i = 0; i < number_of_courses; i++)
if (0 == strcmp(course[i].courseCode, word3))
course_valid = 1;
if (0 == strcmp(course[i].who_is_taught, " ")) //It was checked whether the name of the course and the person who is
//currently teaching the course.
who_is_taught = 1;
break;
for (j = 0; j < number_of_lecturers; i++)
if (0 == strcmp(lecturer[j].regNumber, word2))
lecturer_valid = 1;
if (lecturer[j].number_of_courses_taught < TEACHER_COURSE_LOAD) //The teacher's validation and the course load of the teacher was checked.
lecturer_course_load = 1;
break;
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n");
if (lecturer_course_load && lecturer_valid && course_valid && who_is_taught)
strcpy(&lecturer[j].courses_taught[lecturer[j].number_of_courses_taught], word3); //The specified course was added to the courses given by the teacher
lecturer[j].number_of_courses_taught++; //The number of lectures given by the teacher has been increased.
if (0 == strcmp(course[i].courseCode, word3))
strcpy(course[i].who_is_taught, word2); //The specified teacher has been appointed to the specified lesson.
else if (1 != (lecturer_course_load && lecturer_valid && course_valid && who_is_taught))
fprintf(foutput, "Error!\n");
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (0 == strcmp("ADD", word1))
course_valid = 0;
lecturer_valid = 0;
student_valid = 0;
lecturer_course_load = 0;
student_course_load = 0;
student_taken_credits = 0;
who_is_taught = 0;
is_student_member_of_course = 0;
for (i = 0; i < number_of_courses; i++)
if (0 == strcmp(course[i].courseCode, word3))
course_valid = 1; //It was checked whether there was a course with the specified course name.
break;
for (j = 0; j < number_of_students; j++)
if (0 == strcmp(student[j].studentNumber, word2))
student_valid = 1; //It was checked whether there was a student with the specified name.
if (student[j].number_of_taken_courses < STUDENT_COURSE_LOAD)
student_course_load = 1; //The number of courses the specified student took was checked.
if (student[j].taken_credits < STUDENT_MAX_CREDITS)
student_taken_credits = 1; //The total course credits of the specified student were checked.
break;
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n");
if (student_taken_credits && student_course_load && student_valid && course_valid)
strcpy(&student[j].taken_courses[student[j].number_of_taken_courses], word3); //The specified course was added to the courses taken by the student.
student[j].number_of_taken_courses++; //The number of courses taken by the student has been increased.
strcpy(&course[i].who_is_taked[course[i].number_of_taked_students], word2); //The specified student has been added to the specified lesson.
course[i].number_of_taked_students++;
student[j].taken_credits += course[i].courseCredit;
else if (1 != (student_taken_credits && student_course_load && student_valid && course_valid))
fprintf(foutput, "Error!\n");
break;
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (0 == strcmp("DROP", word1))
course_valid = 0;
lecturer_valid = 0;
student_valid = 0;
lecturer_course_load = 0;
student_course_load = 0;
student_taken_credits = 0;
who_is_taught = 0;
is_student_member_of_course = 0;
for (i = 0; i < number_of_courses; i++)
if (0 == strcmp(course[i].courseCode, word3))
course_valid = 1; //It was checked whether there was a course with the specified course name.
for (i = 0; i < number_of_students; i++)
if (0 == strcmp(student[i].studentNumber, word2))
student_valid = 1; //It was checked whether there was a student with the specified name.
for (j = 0; j < number_of_courses; j++)
if (0 == strcmp(&student[i].taken_courses[j], word3))
is_student_member_of_course = 1; //It was checked whether the student took the course or not.
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n");
if ((student_valid && course_valid) && (is_student_member_of_course !=0))
for (i = 0; i < number_of_courses; i++)
if (0 == strcmp(course[i].courseCode, word3))
for (j = 0; j < number_of_students; j++)
if (0 == strcmp(student[j].studentNumber, word2))
for (k = 0; k < student[j].number_of_taken_courses; k++)
if (0 == strcmp(&student[j].taken_courses[k], word3))
student[j].taken_courses[k] = 0;
student[j].taken_credits -= course[i].courseCredit;
student[j].number_of_taken_courses--;
for (k = 0; k < course[i].number_of_taked_students; k++)
if (0 == strcmp(&course[i].who_is_taked[k], word2))
course[i].who_is_taked[k] = 0;
course[i].number_of_taked_students--;
else if (1 != ((student_valid && course_valid) && (is_student_member_of_course != 0)))
fprintf(foutput, "Error!\n");
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (sscanf(readed, "%s %s", word1, word2) == 2)
if (0 == strcmp("LIST4", word1))
course_valid = 0;
lecturer_valid = 0;
student_valid = 0;
lecturer_course_load = 0;
student_course_load = 0;
student_taken_credits = 0;
who_is_taught = 0;
is_student_member_of_course = 0;
for (i = 0; i < number_of_students; i++)
if (0 == strcmp(student[i].studentNumber, word2))
student_valid = 1; //It was checked whether there was a student with the specified name.
break;
for (j = 0; j < student[i].number_of_taken_courses; j++)
for (k = 0; k < number_of_courses; k++)
if (0 == strcmp(&student[i].taken_courses[j], course[k].courseCode))
is_student_member_of_course = 1;
break;
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n");
if (student_valid && is_student_member_of_course)
fprintf(foutput,"Student : %s - %s %s\n", student[i].studentNumber, student[i].studentName, student[i].studentSurname);
fprintf(foutput, "Participating Courses : %d\n",student[i].number_of_taken_courses);
for (k = 0; k < student[i].number_of_taken_courses; k++)
for (j = 0; j < number_of_courses; j++)
if (0 == strcmp(&student[i].taken_courses[k], course[j].courseCode))
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s %d\n", course[j].courseCode, course[j].courseName, course[j].courseCredit);
fprintf(foutput, "Achieved Credits: %d\n", student[i].taken_credits);
else if((student_valid && is_student_member_of_course) != 1)
fprintf(foutput, "Error!\n");
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (0 == strcmp("LIST5", word1))
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n"); //The function of LIST5 will be added...
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (0 == strcmp("LIST6", word1))
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n"); //The function of LIST6 will be added...
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (0 == strcmp("LIST7", word1))
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n"); //The function of LIST7 will be added...
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (sscanf(readed, "%s", word1) == 1)
if (0 == strcmp("LIST1", word1))
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n"); //The function of LIST1 (Working Propery)
for (i = 0; i < number_of_students; i++)
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s %s", student[i].studentNumber, student[i].studentName, student[i].studentSurname);
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (0 == strcmp("LIST2", word1)) //The function of LIST2 (Working Propery)
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n");
for (i = 0; i < number_of_lecturers; i++)
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s %s", lecturer[i].regNumber, lecturer[i].regName, lecturer[i].regSurname);
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else if (0 == strcmp("LIST3", word1))
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s \n%s", "Command: ", readed, "Result: \n"); //The function of LIST3 (Working Propery)
for (i = 0; i < number_of_courses; i++)
fprintf(foutput, "%s %s %d", course[i].courseCode, course[i].courseName, course[i].courseCredit);
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
fprintf(foutput, "\n");
else
printf("Error\n");
// ERROR
return 0;
请你帮我解决这个问题？
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：我认为你的问题在这里
struct students
char studentNumber[50];
char studentName[50];
char studentSurname[50];
char taken_courses[50]; <---------- Can only save one string/name
int number_of_taken_courses;
int taken_credits;
;
这里
strcpy(&student[j].taken_courses[student[j].number_of_taken_courses], word3);
student[j].number_of_taken_courses++;
您似乎尝试在taken_courses 中保存多个名称。
也许你真的想要：
struct students
char studentNumber[50];
char studentName[50];
char studentSurname[50];
char taken_courses[MAX_NUM_COURSES][50];
int number_of_taken_courses;
int taken_credits;
;
并相应地更新到strcpy。
【讨论】：
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