在 NodeJs 中调用我的合约方法时执行恢复
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【中文标题】在 NodeJs 中调用我的合约方法时执行恢复【英文标题】：Execution reverted when calling a method of my contract in NodeJs 【发布时间】：2021-05-31 14:31:14 【问题描述】：我正在尝试在 Solidity 中创建自己的令牌，并使用 Web3 将令牌从一个帐户转移到另一个帐户，使用 NodeJS/ExpressJS。
我一直在使用Infura 和rinkeby。
我可以调用我的方法balanceOf，但我不能调用transferFrom
错误：
返回错误：执行恢复
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const web3 = require('web3');
const INFURA_BASE_URL = 'https://rinkeby.infura.io/v3/';
const INFURA_API_KEY = '........';
web3js = new web3(new web3.providers.HttpProvider(INFURA_BASE_URL + INFURA_API_KEY));
/*
Sender & Receiver keys
*/
const SENDER_PUBLIC_KEY = '........';
const SENDER_PRIVATE_KEY = '.......';
const RECEIVER_PUBLIC_KEY = '......';
/*
Contract ABI.
*/
const CONTRACT_ABI = [
"constant": true,
"inputs": [],
"name": "name",
"outputs": [
"name": "",
"type": "string"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "view",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": false,
"inputs": [
"name": "_spender",
"type": "address"
,
"name": "_value",
"type": "uint256"
],
"name": "approve",
"outputs": [
"name": "success",
"type": "bool"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": true,
"inputs": [],
"name": "totalSupply",
"outputs": [
"name": "",
"type": "uint256"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "view",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": false,
"inputs": [
"name": "_from",
"type": "address"
,
"name": "_to",
"type": "address"
,
"name": "_value",
"type": "uint256"
],
"name": "transferFrom",
"outputs": [
"name": "success",
"type": "bool"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": true,
"inputs": [],
"name": "decimals",
"outputs": [
"name": "",
"type": "uint8"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "view",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": false,
"inputs": [
"name": "_value",
"type": "uint256"
],
"name": "burn",
"outputs": [
"name": "success",
"type": "bool"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": true,
"inputs": [
"name": "",
"type": "address"
],
"name": "balanceOf",
"outputs": [
"name": "",
"type": "uint256"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "view",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": false,
"inputs": [
"name": "_from",
"type": "address"
,
"name": "_value",
"type": "uint256"
],
"name": "burnFrom",
"outputs": [
"name": "success",
"type": "bool"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": true,
"inputs": [],
"name": "symbol",
"outputs": [
"name": "",
"type": "string"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "view",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": false,
"inputs": [
"name": "_to",
"type": "address"
,
"name": "_value",
"type": "uint256"
],
"name": "transfer",
"outputs": [
"name": "success",
"type": "bool"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": false,
"inputs": [
"name": "_spender",
"type": "address"
,
"name": "_value",
"type": "uint256"
,
"name": "_extraData",
"type": "bytes"
],
"name": "approveAndCall",
"outputs": [
"name": "success",
"type": "bool"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
,
"constant": true,
"inputs": [
"name": "",
"type": "address"
,
"name": "",
"type": "address"
],
"name": "allowance",
"outputs": [
"name": "",
"type": "uint256"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "view",
"type": "function"
,
"inputs": [
"name": "initialSupply",
"type": "uint256"
,
"name": "tokenName",
"type": "string"
,
"name": "tokenSymbol",
"type": "string"
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "constructor"
,
"anonymous": false,
"inputs": [
"indexed": true,
"name": "from",
"type": "address"
,
"indexed": true,
"name": "to",
"type": "address"
,
"indexed": false,
"name": "value",
"type": "uint256"
],
"name": "Transfer",
"type": "event"
,
"anonymous": false,
"inputs": [
"indexed": true,
"name": "_owner",
"type": "address"
,
"indexed": true,
"name": "_spender",
"type": "address"
,
"indexed": false,
"name": "_value",
"type": "uint256"
],
"name": "Approval",
"type": "event"
,
"anonymous": false,
"inputs": [
"indexed": true,
"name": "from",
"type": "address"
,
"indexed": false,
"name": "value",
"type": "uint256"
],
"name": "Burn",
"type": "event"
];
const CONTRACT_ABI_ADDRESS = '............';
/*
A controller listening at: http://localhost:3000/send
*/
app.get('/send', async function (req, apiResponse)
// Creating contract object
const contract = new web3js.eth.Contract(CONTRACT_ABI, CONTRACT_ABI_ADDRESS, from: SENDER_PUBLIC_KEY);
// Check the balance (working good)
await contract.methods.balanceOf(RECEIVER_PUBLIC_KEY)
.call()
.then(res =>
const str = web3.utils.fromWei(res);
console.log('balance: ', str);
)
.catch(err =>
console.log(err);
);
// Set the allowance (working)
await contract.methods.approve(SENDER_PUBLIC_KEY, 1)
.call()
.then(res =>
console.log('approve: ', res);
)
.catch(err =>
console.log('Error [approve]', err);
);
// Initiate a transfer (not working)
await contract.methods.transferFrom(SENDER_PUBLIC_KEY, RECEIVER_PUBLIC_KEY, 1)
.call()
.then(res =>
console.log('transferFrom: ', res);
)
.catch(err =>
console.log('Error [transferFrom]', err);
);
);
app.listen(3000, () =>
console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:3000`)
)
我在 Solidity 中的代码here。
我已经挣扎了好几天没有任何进展。看不出问题出在哪里。
我的目标是在 NodeJS 中将令牌从一个帐户转移到另一个帐户。
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：因为不满足这个条件，所以在第 106 行抛出异常：_value <= allowance[_from][msg.sender]
您需要在调用transferFrom() 函数之前设置allowance，很可能是通过调用approve() 函数。
或者，如果您想要简单的转账（不使用配额），请改用transfer() 函数。
另外，call() 用于读取纯/视图函数的输出。如需与外部/公共功能交互（发送以太坊交易），请使用.send(from: <senderAddress>)。
来自https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-contract.html#web3-eth-contract的示例
contract.methods.somFunc().send(from: ....)
【讨论】：
感谢您的回复。我曾尝试在transferFrom 之前致电approve()，但我收到了相同的错误消息。检查我使用approve() 编辑的问题。关于send()，我不确定是否应该在我的 NodeJs 代码中的三个方法中使用它。尝试仅将其与 transferFrom 一起使用，但收到不同的错误。你能再给我支票，再帮我一把吗？
是的，你应该使用send(from: ...)而不是call()...命名有点不幸，但我会尝试简单描述：call()在JS中用于只读。每当您需要将数据写入区块链（使用合约的外部或公共功能）时，您都需要发送以太坊交易 - 这是使用 JS 中的send() 函数完成的。
知道了。我在三个调用中都使用了.send(from: SENDER_PUBLIC_KEY)，但是transferFrom() 方法返回The method eth_sendTransaction does not exist/is not available。很奇怪，因为我的合同中没有使用该名称的方法。你知道我该如何解决这个新错误吗？顺便感谢您的帮助。
您走在正确的道路上。 eth_sendTransaction 是您正在调用的节点的 JSON-RPC 方法（在您的情况下是 Infura 的一些节点）。这意味着，流程已经通过了 JS 代码，生成了 Ethereum tx，将 tx 提交给节点，现在节点拒绝了它......这已经超出了我的专业知识，但我猜你有一些不正确的凭据连接到节点（因为 Infura 是广泛使用的提供商，他们不太可能限制这一点）。
显然，Infura 不允许发送未签名的交易。一个话题here。似乎我需要做很多工作，签名，序列化和发送。我不确定我应该在代码的哪一部分执行此操作，我想是在调用 transferFrom() 方法之前？我不明白正确的步骤和首先需要做什么。以上是关于在 NodeJs 中调用我的合约方法时执行恢复的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章