从 Last,First,Middle,Suffix 形式解析名称组件

Posted 2023-05-08

【中文标题】从 Last,First,Middle,Suffix 形式解析名称组件

【英文标题】：Parse name components from the form Last,First,Middle,Suffix

【发布时间】：2021-05-06 19:40:31

【问题描述】：

现在，我有一个全名列，其中全名没有标准化形式。该形式通常遵循 Last,First Middle,Suffix 但它不是所有行的 vanilla。一些示例形式包括：

Last,First Middle,Suffix Last,First 中间后缀 姓氏、名字、后缀 最后一个，第一个后缀 Last,First Middle 最后，第一

期望的结果是让每个组件都在它自己的列中，不存在的组件为 NULL。以下是一些预期结果的示例。

FULLNAME                    FIRSTNAME  MIDDLENAME LASTNAME  SUFFIX
Johnson,John Johnny,Jr.     John       Johnny     Johnson   Jr
Anderson,Andrew A, Sr.      Andrew     A          Anderson  Sr
Smith,Smitty Jr.            Smitty     NULL       Smith     Jr
Abegnale,Frank              Frank      NULL       Abegnale  NULL
Henry,King III              King       NULL       Henry     III
Garcia,Jerome John          Jerome     John       Garcia    NULL
     

我目前的解决方案是这样的：

SELECT
FullName
,SUBSTRING(FullNM, 1, CHARINDEX(',', FullNM) - 1) AS LastName
,CASE
      WHEN LEN(SUBSTRING(FullNM, CHARINDEX(',',FullNM)+ 1,99)) - LEN(REPLACE(SUBSTRING(FullNM, CHARINDEX(',',FullNM)+ 1,99), ' ', '')) > 0
      THEN REPLACE(SUBSTRING(FullNM, LEN(FullNM) - CHARINDEX(' ', REVERSE(FullNM))+1, 99), '.', '')
      ELSE NULL
    END AS MiddleName
,CASE
      WHEN LEN(SUBSTRING(FullNM, CHARINDEX(',',FullNM) + 1, 99)) - LEN(REPLACE(SUBSTRING(FullNM, CHARINDEX(',',FullNM)+ 1, 99), ' ', '')) > 0
      THEN SUBSTRING(FullNM, CHARINDEX(',',FullNM) + 1, (LEN(SUBSTRING(FullNM, CHARINDEX(',',FullNM)+ 1, 99)) - LEN(SUBSTRING(FullNM, LEN(FullNM) - CHARINDEX(' ', REVERSE(FullNM)) + 1, 99))))
      ELSE SUBSTRING(FullNM,CHARINDEX(',',FullNM) + 1, 99)
    END AS FirstNM
FROM MyTable

不幸的是，我只是想不出一个格式化后缀的好方法，尤其是在没有中间名的情况下。使用当前代码，如果有后缀，则将其添加为 MiddleNM。

非常感谢任何帮助或建议！

【问题讨论】：

Henry,King III 和 Garcia,Jerome John 在语法上是相等的。您需要一些额外的来源来说明您想要作为输出的差异。

你有后缀表吗？

【参考方案1】：

请尝试以下解决方案。它使用 XQuery 来标记 FullName 列。

正如 Gordon 所说，您可能需要扩展合法后缀列表。

SQL

-- DDL and sample data population, start
DECLARE @tbl TABLE (ID INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, FullName VARCHAR(100));
INSERT INTO @tbl (FullName) VALUES
('Johnson,John Johnny,Jr.'),
('Anderson,Andrew A, Sr.'),    
('Smith,Smitty Jr.'),  
('Abegnale,Frank'),        
('Henry,King III'),          
('Garcia,Jerome John');

DECLARE @suffix TABLE (suffix VARCHAR(10));
INSERT INTO @suffix (suffix) VALUES
('Jr.'), ('III'), ('Sr.');
-- DDL and sample data population, end

DECLARE @separator CHAR(1) = ',';

;WITH rs AS
(
   SELECT * 
      , TRY_CAST('<root><x><![CDATA[' + 
            REPLACE(FullName + SPACE(1) COLLATE Czech_BIN2, @separator, ']]></x><x><![CDATA[') + 
         ']]></x></root>' AS XML) AS xmldata
   FROM @tbl
), cte AS
(
SELECT rs.*, x.pos, x.size
    , LEFT(c.value('(x[2]/text())[1]', 'VARCHAR(30)'), pos - 1) AS FirstName
    , c.value('(x[1]/text())[1]', 'VARCHAR(30)') AS LastName
    , TRIM(RIGHT(c.value('(x[2]/text())[1]', 'VARCHAR(30)'), IIF((size - pos) < 0, 0, size-pos+1))) AS MiddleName
    , TRIM(COALESCE(c.value('(x[3]/text())[1]', 'VARCHAR(30)')
        , RIGHT(c.value('(x[2]/text())[1]', 'VARCHAR(30)'), IIF((size - pos) < 0, 0, size-pos+1)))) AS Suffix
FROM rs CROSS APPLY xmldata.nodes('/root') AS t(c)
    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CHARINDEX(SPACE(1), c.value('(x[2]/text())[1]', 'VARCHAR(30)'))
        , LEN(c.value('(x[2]/text())[1]', 'VARCHAR(30)'))) AS x(pos, size)
)
SELECT ID, FullName, cte.FirstName
    , IIF(MiddleName IN (SELECT Suffix FROM @suffix, '', cte.MiddleName) AS MiddleName
    , cte.LastName
    , IIF(cte.Suffix NOT IN (SELECT Suffix FROM @suffix), '', cte.Suffix) AS Suffix
FROM cte;

输出

+----+-------------------------+-----------+------------+----------+--------+
| ID |        FullName         | FirstName | MiddleName | LastName | Suffix |
+----+-------------------------+-----------+------------+----------+--------+
|  1 | Johnson,John Johnny,Jr. | John      | Johnny     | Johnson  | Jr.    |
|  2 | Anderson,Andrew A, Sr.  | Andrew    | A          | Anderson | Sr.    |
|  3 | Smith,Smitty Jr.        | Smitty    |            | Smith    | Jr.    |
|  4 | Abegnale,Frank          | Frank     |            | Abegnale |        |
|  5 | Henry,King III          | King      |            | Henry    | III    |
|  6 | Garcia,Jerome John      | Jerome    | John       | Garcia   |        |
+----+-------------------------+-----------+------------+----------+--------+

【讨论】：

感谢您的回答。我遇到错误“传递给 LEFT 或 SUBSTRING 函数的长度参数无效”。我知道我可以引入一个假的“空间”。你有什么不使用 XML 的解决方案吗？我希望这更容易理解，尤其是那些可能没有太多 SQL 经验的人。

@EthanT，(1) 请编辑您的原始问题，并添加 DDL 和示例数据群 部分。 (2) 我更喜欢使用 XML 和 XQuery 进行简单的字符串标记化。

【参考方案2】：

稍后有点脑痛和 Sql 服务器错误，这是您可以尝试的一种可能的解决方案。

这有点冗长，正如建议的那样，确实需要您提前知道可能的后缀是什么。

with 
    num as (select top(30) Row_Number() over(order by (select null)) n from sys.messages),
    parts as (
        select top(1000) n.Fullname, w.n, /*sql server optimizer issue workaround*/
            IsNull(Iif( CharIndex(',',name1)=0 and CharIndex(' ',name1)=0 ,name1,null),
            Iif( CharIndex(',',name2)=0 and CharIndex(' ',name2)=0 ,name2,null)) part
        from Names n
        cross apply (
            select num.n, Substring(n.Fullname, num.n, CharIndex(',', n.Fullname + ',', num.n) - num.n) name1, 
                Substring(n.Fullname, num.n, CharIndex(' ', n.Fullname + ' ', num.n) - num.n) name2
            from num
            where num.n<DataLength(n.Fullname) and Substring(',' + n.Fullname, num.n, 1) in (',', ' ')
        )w
)
select Fullname, 
    Max(FirstName) firstName, 
    Max(Iif(MiddleName=FirstName or MiddleName=Lastname,null,MiddleName))MiddleName, 
    Max(Lastname) LastName, 
    Max(Suffix) Suffix
from (
    select Fullname,
        case when Lag(n) over(partition by Fullname order by n)=Min(n) over(partition by Fullname) then part end FirstName,
        case when Lead(n) over(partition by Fullname order by n)=Max(n) over(partition by Fullname) and Suffix is null 
            or n=Max(n) over(partition by Fullname) and Suffix is null then part end MiddleName,
        case when n=Min(n) over(partition by Fullname) then part end Lastname,
        case when n=Max(n) over(partition by Fullname) and Suffix is not null then part end Suffix
    from parts p
    left join Suffixes s on s.Suffix=p.part
    where p.part !=''
)x
group by Fullname
order by Fullname

看到这个working fiddle example