从 Python 追加到 Access 的 SQL 查询

Posted 2023-05-07

【中文标题】从 Python 追加到 Access 的 SQL 查询

【英文标题】：SQL Query appending from Python to Access

【发布时间】：2019-02-07 20:34:47

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试将 Excel 文件读入 Python pandas 数据框，然后将该数据框附加到预先存在的 Access 数据库中。

我收到以下错误：

错误('HYC00', '[HYC00] [Microsoft][ODBC Microsoft Access Driver]可选功能未实现 (106) (SQLBindParameter)')

我已经读到这个错误通常是 pyodbc 4.0.25 的结果。我已将我的版本降级到 pyodbc 4.0.24，但仍然收到错误消息。

import glob
import os
import pandas as pd
import time
import pyodbc

# specify the folder that the files are sitting in 
list_of_files = glob.glob(r'C:\Users\CraigG\Test\*xlsx') 

# define the newest file in the folder
filename = min(list_of_files, key=os.path.getmtime)

# put excel file in data frame
df = pd.read_excel(filename)

print(pyodbc.version)

conn = pyodbc.connect(r'DRIVER=Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb);' +
                      r'DBQ=C:\\Users\\CraigG\\Test\\Db\\Master.accdb;')
cursor = conn.cursor()

for index, row in df.iterrows():

   AccountNum = row["Account #"]
   CustomerNum = row["Customer #"]
   CustomerName = row["Customer Name"]
   AccountName = row["Account Name"]
   SalesRegisterNum = row["Sales Register #"]
   InvoiceDate = row["Invoice Date"]
   BillingMonthDate = row["BillingMonthDate"]
   WrittenBy = row["Written By"]
   Mfr = row["Mfr"]
   CatalogNo = row["CatalogNo"]
   LineType = row["LineType"]
   UPC = row["UPC"]
   QTYShip = row["QTY Ship"] 
   Price = row["Price"]
   PriceUOM = row["Price UOM"]
   ExtenedPrice = row["Extened Price"]
   Cost = row["Cost"]
   CostUOM = row["Cost UOM"]
   ExtendedCost = row["Extended Cost"] 
   SPACost = row["SPA Cost"]
   SPACostUOM = row["SPA Cost UOM"]
   ExtendedSPACost = row["Extended SPA Cost"]
   PCNum = row["PC #"]

   sql = "INSERT INTO Master ([Account #], [Customer #], [Customer Name], [Account Name], [Sales Register #], [Invoice Date], [BillingMonthDate], [Written By], [Mfr], [CatalogNo], [LineType], [UPC], [QTY Ship], [Price], [Price UOM], [Extened Price], [Cost], [Cost UOM], [Extended Cost], [SPA Cost], [SPA Cost UOM], [Extended SPA Cost], [PC #]) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"

   params = (AccountNum, CustomerNum, CustomerName, AccountName, 
             SalesRegisterNum, InvoiceDate, BillingMonthDate, WrittenBy, Mfr, 
             CatalogNo, LineType, UPC, QTYShip, Price, PriceUOM, ExtenedPrice, Cost, 
             CostUOM, ExtendedCost, SPACost, SPACostUOM, ExtendedSPACost, PCNum)

   cursor.execute(sql, params)
   cursor.commit()

【问题讨论】：

您的 DataFrame 是否包含最初可能是字符串的值（例如“Account #”、“Customer #”），但在 DataFrame 中以大于 2147483647 的整数形式结束？如果是这样，那么 pyodbc 将尝试将它们作为 BIGINT（64 位签名）传递给 Access ODBC 驱动程序，但驱动程序不会接受它们。

整数最大值为6位

【参考方案1】：

不需要熊猫作为媒介。离开图书馆学习数据科学！ MS Access 与它的兄弟 MS Excel 配合得很好。只需在工作簿中查询没有任何循环的纯 SQL 调用。

以下假设 Excel 数据与在名为 Sheet1 的工作表中的单元格 A1 开始的 Access 表保持相同的列名。根据需要调整FROM 子句。

import glob
import os
import pyodbc

# specify the folder that the files are sitting in 
list_of_files = glob.glob(r'C:\Users\CraigG\Test\*xlsx') 

# define the newest file in the folder
filename = min(list_of_files, key=os.path.getmtime)

sql = r"""INSERT INTO Master ([Account #], [Customer #], [Customer Name], [Account Name], [Sales Register #], 
                              [Invoice Date], [BillingMonthDate], [Written By], [Mfr], [CatalogNo], [LineType], 
                              [UPC], [QTY Ship], [Price], [Price UOM], [Extened Price], [Cost], [Cost UOM], 
                              [Extended Cost], [SPA Cost], [SPA Cost UOM], [Extended SPA Cost], [PC #]) 
          SELECT e.[Account #], e.[Customer #], e.[Customer Name], e.[Account Name], e.[Sales Register #], 
                 e.[Invoice Date], e.[BillingMonthDate], e.[Written By], e.[Mfr], e.[CatalogNo], e.[LineType], 
                 e.[UPC], e.[QTY Ship], e.[Price], e.[Price UOM], e.[Extened Price], e.[Cost], e.[Cost UOM], 
                 e.[Extended Cost], e.[SPA Cost], e.[SPA Cost UOM], e.[Extended SPA Cost], e.[PC #]

          FROM [Excel 12.0 Xml;HDR=Yes;Database=xl].[Sheet1$] AS e;
       """.format(xl=filename)

conn = pyodbc.connect(r'DRIVER=Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb);' +
                      r'DBQ=C:\Users\CraigG\Test\Db\Master.accdb;')    
cursor = conn.cursor()

cursor.execute(sql)
cursor.commit()

cursor.close()
conn.close()

【讨论】：

很高兴听到并乐于提供帮助！