无法通过 odbc 连接到 Microsoft Azure 数据库

Posted 2023-02-17

【中文标题】无法通过 odbc 连接到 Microsoft Azure 数据库

【英文标题】：cannot connect to Microsoft Azure database through odbc

【发布时间】：2017-04-02 11:46:55

【问题描述】：

我的 odbc 使用以下代码（来自这里：http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/127959-odbc-c-example/）：

odbc.cpp：

ODBC_Class::ODBC_Class()

ODBC_Class Example;
// Initialize The Return Code Variable
rc = SQL_SUCCESS;
// Allocate An Environment Handle
rc = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, SQL_NULL_HANDLE, &EnvHandle);
// Set The ODBC Application Version To 3.x
if (rc == SQL_SUCCESS)
    rc = SQLSetEnvAttr(EnvHandle, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION,
    (SQLPOINTER)SQL_OV_ODBC3, SQL_IS_UINTEGER);
// Allocate A Connection Handle
if (rc == SQL_SUCCESS)
    rc = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, EnvHandle, &ConHandle);


// Define The Class Destructor
ODBC_Class::~ODBC_Class()

  // Free The Connection Handle
  if (ConHandle != NULL)
     SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, ConHandle);
   // Free The Environment Handle
   if (EnvHandle != NULL)
    SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, EnvHandle);
  

 // Get the data for one column and return the info in the form
 // of a std::string.  The ODBC driver will make all necessary
 // data conversions from whatever type the data is in the database
// to SQL_CHAR.  You could make this function more comples by 
// getting the return type as it appears in the database then constructing
// a VARIANT object to hold the data.
SQLRETURN ODBC_Class::GetColData(int colnum, string& str)

   SQLCHAR buf[255] =  0 ;
   if ((rc = SQLGetData(StmtHandle, colnum, SQL_CHAR, buf, sizeof(buf), NULL)) == SQL_SUCCESS)
       str = reinterpret_cast<char*>(buf);
    return rc;
 

 //
 // Define The ShowResults() Member Function
 SQLRETURN ODBC_Class::GetResultset()
 
  // Get all column description
    DescribeColumns();
   // erase anything that's in the colData vector
    colData.clear();
   // fetch a row from the resultset
   while (SQLFetch(StmtHandle) == SQL_SUCCESS)
  
    // vector of strings to hold the column data
    vector<string> col;
    string data;
    // column counter
    int i = 1;
    // get the data for each column and add it to 
    // the col vector
    while (GetColData(i, data) == SQL_SUCCESS)
    
        col.push_back(data);
        ++i; // increment the column number
    
    // add column data to the colData vector
    colData.push_back(col);
   
  return SQL_SUCCESS;


// Get the description for one column in the resultset.
// This was made a seprate function to simplify the coding
SQLRETURN  ODBC_Class::Describe(ColDescription& c)

   return SQLDescribeCol(StmtHandle, c.colNumber,
     c.colName, sizeof(c.colName), &c.nameLen,
       &c.dataType, &c.colSize, &c.decimalDigits, &c.nullable);


// Get the description for all the columns in the resultset.
void ODBC_Class::DescribeColumns()

   ColDescription c;
   c.colNumber = 1;
   cols.clear();
   while (Describe(c) == SQL_SUCCESS)
   
    cols.push_back(c);
    ++c.colNumber;
 

在我的主文件中，我使用此代码执行它（它再次与上面网站中的相同代码示例）

void Game::sqlConnection(const char *select) 

    SQLCHAR DBName[] = "Driver=SQL Server Native Client 11.0;Server=tcp:myserver.ctp.database.windows.net;Database=PandemicMain;Uid=concordia;Pwd=University4;";
    SQLCHAR SQLStmt[255] =  0 ;

    SQLRETURN rc = SQL_SUCCESS;

    if (Example.ConHandle != NULL)

   

       rc = SQLConnect(Example.ConHandle, DBName, SQL_NTS, (SQLCHAR *) "", SQL_NTS, (SQLCHAR *) "", SQL_NTS);

       // Allocate An SQL Statement Handle 

        rc = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, Example.ConHandle,  &Example.StmtHandle);

        rc = SQLExecDirect(Example.StmtHandle, SQLStmt, SQL_NTS);

      if (rc == SQL_SUCCESS)

      

        // Define A SELECT SQL Statement  

            strcpy((char *)SQLStmt,  select);

         // Prepare And Execute The SQL Statement  

           rc = SQLExecDirect(Example.StmtHandle, SQLStmt, SQL_NTS);

          // Display The Results Of The SQL Query  
          if (!rc == SQL_SUCCESS) 
              cout << "*************************** failed ***************" 
       << endl;
           
          if (rc == SQL_SUCCESS)

         

             Example.GetResultset();




            // At this point you would want to do something  

            // with the resultset, such as display it.  

        

    

    // Free The SQL Statement Handle  

    if (Example.StmtHandle != NULL)

        SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, Example.StmtHandle);

    // Disconnect From The Northwind Sample Database  
        rc = SQLDisconnect(Example.ConHandle);

   



 

我知道有这个站点：https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/dn630643.aspx，但我想知道是否可以使用此代码来实现。我能够连接到我的本地数据库，但我需要我的队友能够从他们家运行代码，所以我将我的数据库托管在 azure 上。

当使用给定的字符串运行上述代码时，我最终会从 SqlConnect() 中得到一个“-2”SQLRETURN。 （只发生在 azure db 所以我假设我没有正确连接到它）

关于如何使此代码运行的任何见解还是徒劳的？

谢谢

【问题讨论】：

如果有人使用上面的教程并且是 cpp 的新手（像我一样）并试图理解为什么，SQLConnect 需要一个用户名和密码。我应该看得更深。

【参考方案1】：

另外请记住，Azure SQL 有一个基于 IP 地址的防火墙，需要您将团队的家庭路由器列入白名单（可能会经常更改）：

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/sql-database/sql-database-firewall-configure