Spring DAO 测试失败 - 说“需要 JUnit 4.12 或更高版本”
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】Spring DAO 测试失败 - 说“需要 JUnit 4.12 或更高版本”【英文标题】：Spring DAO Test Fails - says "requires JUnit 4.12 or higher" 【发布时间】：2017-10-08 11:05:31 【问题描述】：我正在尝试使用 Spring 编写 DAO 测试。当我运行测试时，它会在下面的堆栈跟踪中出错。当我相信我包含正确版本的 JUnit 时，我不知道为什么会出现错误。
java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:31)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:24)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:57)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:29)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:57)
at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:24)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createUnfilteredTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:84)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:70)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests(JUnit4TestLoader.java:43)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:444)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: SpringJUnit4ClassRunner requires JUnit 4.12 or higher.
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<clinit>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:102)
... 17 more
我不明白的是，在我的 pom.xml 中，我包含了 JUnit 4.9（我检查了 JUnit 的已解析依赖项，它也指示 4.9）：
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>$org.springframework-version</version>
<exclusions>
<!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>$org.springframework-version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>$org.springframework-version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>$org.springframework-version</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- AspectJ -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>$org.aspectj-version</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>$org.slf4j-version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>$org.slf4j-version</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>$org.slf4j-version</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.15</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- @Inject -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.9</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
<version>1.9.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Database -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.21</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
以下是相关的 Java 文件：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = TestDatabaseConfig.class, PersonDao.class)
@Transactional
public class PersonDaoTest
@Autowired
IPersonDao personDao;
Person expectedPerson;
@Before
public void setUp()
expectedPerson = new PersonBuilder()
.firstName("Elvis")
.lastName("Presley")
.build();
@Test
public void getAll()
personDao.insert(expectedPerson);
List<Person> actualPersons = personDao.getAll();
assertNotNull(actualPersons);
assertEquals(1, actualPersons.size());
@After
public void tearDown()
以及配置：
@Configuration
public class TestDatabaseConfig
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource()
DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springWeb_test");
dataSource.setUsername("springweb");
dataSource.setPassword("springweb");
return dataSource;
@Bean
public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate()
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();
jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource());
return jdbcTemplate;
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：<!-- Test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.9</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
您的 jUnit 版本是 4.9。您需要像这样将其更新到 4.12 或更高版本：
<!-- Test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
【讨论】：
我同意 @hishammuddin-sani 认为这可以解决问题，但消息指出我可以使用 4.12 或更高版本...4.9 应该可以工作！ 4.12 高于 4.9，如 4.9、4.10、4.11、4.12 哦，好吧，你是对的。我认为4.9高于4.12。版本命名有点混乱。感谢您的帮助！ 即使在更新我的 POM 文件以使用版本 4.12 后，我仍然收到此错误。有什么想法吗？【参考方案2】：这是SpringJUnit4ClassRunner类的源代码：
public class SpringJUnit4ClassRunner extends BlockJUnit4ClassRunner
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class);
private static final Method withRulesMethod;
static
if (!ClassUtils.isPresent("org.junit.internal.Throwables", SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class.getClassLoader()))
throw new IllegalStateException("SpringJUnit4ClassRunner requires JUnit 4.12 or higher.");
withRulesMethod = ReflectionUtils.findMethod(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class, "withRules",
FrameworkMethod.class, Object.class, Statement.class);
if (withRulesMethod == null)
throw new IllegalStateException("SpringJUnit4ClassRunner requires JUnit 4.12 or higher.");
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(withRulesMethod);
...
所以只需升级junit版本
【讨论】：
以上是关于Spring DAO 测试失败 - 说“需要 JUnit 4.12 或更高版本”的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
springboot 整合 mybatis dao一直自动注入失败
将ehcache添加到DAO类后Junit测试失败，无法在测试类中实例化DAO
IntelliJ IDEA Spring+Mybatis dao bean对象注入失败