保存/恢复片段状态android
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【中文标题】保存/恢复片段状态android【英文标题】:Save/Restore fragments state android 【发布时间】:2013-04-04 15:00:47 【问题描述】:我正在尝试创建一个使用 Jack Wharton 的 ViewPager 库 (here) 的应用程序,每个页面仅使用图像(类似于 Prixing (here) 主屏幕)。 一切正常,除了片段中的 saveInstance。
在 Jack Wharton 的示例中,他将文本存储在名为 mContent 的 String 变量中,并在 onCreate 中将其恢复,但在我的情况下,我该怎么办?保存/恢复位图?!任何客观的答案将不胜感激!
我对这个使用应用程序的 Fragment 很陌生,因为我看到的每个示例都只提供基础知识,而更复杂的示例则变得越来越困难。
PS。如果知道有用的话,我正在使用 CirclePageIndicator。
这里的当前片段代码:
public final class SpecialOfferFragment extends Fragment
private int imageResourceId;
public static SpecialOfferFragment newInstance(int i)
//probably I'll use a bitmap(downloaded) as parameter instead of using static images
SpecialOfferFragment fragment = new SpecialOfferFragment();
fragment.imageResourceId = i;
return fragment;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// if ((savedInstanceState != null)
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState)
ImageView image = new ImageView(getActivity());
image.setImageResource(imageResourceId);
image.setScaleType(ScaleType.FIT_XY);
LinearLayout layout = new LinearLayout(getActivity());
layout.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT,
LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT));
layout.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
layout.addView(image);
return layout;
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState)
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
//smth to save here..
在应用程序的当前状态下,我得到以下异常:
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/androidRuntime(31903): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): java.lang.NullPointerException
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.saveFragmentBasicState(FragmentManager.java:1576)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.saveAllState(FragmentManager.java:1617)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onSaveInstanceState(FragmentActivity.java:481)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.app.Activity.performSaveInstanceState(Activity.java:1113)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnSaveInstanceState(Instrumentation.java:1188)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.app.ActivityThread.performStopActivityInner(ActivityThread.java:2804)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleStopActivity(ActivityThread.java:2862)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$900(ActivityThread.java:127)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1175)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4511)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:980)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:747)
04-12 07:28:17.760: E/AndroidRuntime(31903): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
每当我暂停/停止包含此片段的活动时都会发生这种情况,例如按下主页按钮。
**
用代码编辑:
**
public class MainMenu extends FragmentActivity
//private List<CategoriesHolder> categoriesList = new ArrayList<CategoriesHolder>();
//private CategoriesAdapter categoriesAdapter = null;
//private GridView gv_mainmenu_categories;
SpecialOfferFragmentAdapter mAdapter;
ViewPager mPager;
PageIndicator mIndicator;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_mainmenu);
linkUI();
setAction();
// just for testing
String[] imagesUrls = null;
mAdapter = new SpecialOfferFragmentAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(),
this, imagesUrls);
//categoriesAdapter = new CategoriesAdapter(this, categoriesList);
// used for Categories GridView
//gv_mainmenu_categories.setAdapter(categoriesAdapter);
// used for ViewPager
mPager.setAdapter(mAdapter);
mIndicator.setViewPager(mPager);
private void linkUI()
mPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.vp_mainmenu_special_offers);
mIndicator = (CirclePageIndicator) findViewById(R.id.indicator);
//gv_mainmenu_categories = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gv_mainmenu_categories);
private void setAction()
public class SpecialOfferFragmentAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter implements
IconPagerAdapter
private int[] mCarouselImages = new int[] R.drawable.pic1,
R.drawable.pic2, R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5
;
private String[] imagesUrls;
private Context context;
public static final int[] ICONS = new int[]
R.drawable.perm_group_calendar, R.drawable.perm_group_camera,
R.drawable.perm_group_device_alarms, R.drawable.perm_group_location ;
private int mCount = mCarouselImages.length;
public SpecialOfferFragmentAdapter(FragmentManager fm, Context context,
String[] imagesUrls)
super(fm);
this.context = context;
this.imagesUrls = imagesUrls;
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int position)
return SpecialOfferFragment.newInstance(mCarouselImages[position]);
@Override
public int getCount()
return mCount;
@Override
public int getIconResId(int index)
return ICONS[index % ICONS.length];
public void setCount(int count)
if (count > 0 && count <= 10)
mCount = count;
notifyDataSetChanged();
【问题讨论】:
你想通过保存实例实现什么? 我编辑了我的问题,所以它也有例外。当我阅读 Android 文档时,我了解到我必须每次都保存片段的状态并在 OnCreate 中恢复它(也许我错过了,如果是这样,我该如何解决该异常?)。 请提供有关代码中抛出异常的信息。 我不能这样做,因为当我双击日志 (Eclipse) 时,异常日志不会向我发送应用程序代码中的任何位置。 - 也许它与 android.support.v4 jar 有关,所以它不能将我重定向到“问题代码”。我用完整的代码重新编辑问题。 所以基本上只是为了清楚,你想要实现的事情是在 ViewPager 中加载图像,如果用户例如转到横向/纵向(或转到另一个活动/片段)模式停留在当前图像,而不是从头开始,对吗? 【参考方案1】:为了实现你想要的东西,你应该使用整数值将当前位置存储在你的ViewPager
中,然后使用这个值将正确的位置设置为你的ViewPager
。
例如,在您的 FragmentActivity
中执行类似的操作:
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onSaveInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
savedInstanceState.putInt("mMyCurrentPosition", mPager.getPosition());
@Override
public void onRestoreInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
mMyCurrentPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt("mMyCurrentPosition");
// where mMyCurrentPosition should be a public value in your activity.
这将保存您的 ViewPager 的最后位置。然后在您的onResume()
中,例如,您可以检查
if(mMyCurrentPosition != 0)
mPager.setCurrentItem(mMyCurrentPosition);
我认为这应该可行,将图像/位图保存在包中不是一个好习惯(而且我认为你做不到)。
【讨论】:
好的,这可能会解决在 PageViewer 暂停/停止后获取最后状态的问题,但是每当我暂停/停止我的应用程序时,我仍然会遇到这个烦人的错误(登录我的问题)。 暂停/停止我的应用是什么意思? 我的意思是打开另一个活动/应用程序,切换方向,任何可能触发此活动暂停或停止操作的事情。它不断触发该异常。 尝试使用FragmentStatePagerAdapter
而不是FragmentPagerAdapter
。
哦,天哪,终于成功了。非常感谢您花时间在这个问题上!最后一个请求,你可以忍受我多一点时间xD。我尝试了保存最后一个位置的答案,但 ViewPager 似乎没有 getPosition() 方法。有任何关于获得该职位的提示吗?【参考方案2】:
好的,首先我想澄清一些可能解决您对已保存实例状态的困惑的东西。 Savedinstancestate 只能处理原语(int、double、float、byte..)和 String 对象。这应该是您所需要的,但在某些情况下,您还想保存其他对象的实例。为此,您需要一些其他模式来完成这项工作,例如一个工厂模式,其中包含所有位图的数组。 例如,创建一个类 ImageFactory 来保存位图的静态 ArrayList。 每当您旋转设备时,都会再次调用 oncreateview 和 onactivitycreated 方法,这是检查您是否要从工厂检索信息的时刻。例如
if(savedInstanceState != null) //我们有一个 savedinstancestate 所以 可能有保存的图像 ImageFactory.getBMPs();
希望您可以利用这些信息做点什么。祝你好运
【讨论】:
感谢您的回答。所以,你的意思是为这些位图创建一个类持有者,在我的 Fragment 中的 onCreate 中保存和恢复它们,会解决这个问题吗?【参考方案3】:这在你的主要活动中对我来说很容易和简单
@Override
protected void onRestoreInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
onCreate(savedInstanceState);
在你的清单中
<activity
android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize"/>
【讨论】:
【参考方案4】:当使用 SharedPreference 更改选项卡时,我创建了我自己的保存片段数据的方法:
方法如下:
public void saveData()
Log.d("msg", "Save Instance");
SharedPreferences.Editor outState = getActivity().getSharedPreferences("order", Context.MODE_APPEND).edit();
orderDate = orderDateEditText.getText().toString();
orderBy = orderByEditText.getText().toString();
orderMobileNo = orderMobileNoEditText.getText().toString();
orderTransport = orderTransportEditText.getText().toString();
orderInvoicePer = orderInvoicePerEditText.getText().toString();
orderCharge = orderChargeEditText.getText().toString();
orderGoodsDispatch = orderGoodsDispatchEditText.getText().toString();
orderOthers = orderOthersEditText.getText().toString();
orderIsDirect = orderIsDirectCheckBox.isChecked() ? 1 : 0;
outState.putBoolean("saved", true);
outState.putString("orderDate", orderDate);
outState.putString("orderBy", orderBy);
outState.putString("orderMobileNo", orderMobileNo);
outState.putString("orderTransport", orderTransport);
outState.putString("orderInvoicePer", orderInvoicePer);
outState.putString("orderCharge", orderCharge);
outState.putString("orderGoodsDispatch", orderGoodsDispatch);
outState.putString("orderOthers", orderOthers);
outState.putInt("orderIsDirect", orderIsDirect);
outState.commit();
调用这个方法时
@Override
public void onStop()
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStop();
saveData();
用 EditText 替换保存的数据:
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState)
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
/***** PUT DATA IN EDITTEXT is ITS AVAILABLE IN BUNDLE *****/
SharedPreferences orderData = getActivity().getSharedPreferences("order", Context.MODE_APPEND);
Log.d("msg", ""+orderData.getBoolean("saved", false));
if(orderData.getBoolean("saved", false))
orderDate = orderData.getString("orderDate", "");
orderBy = orderData.getString("orderBy", "");
orderMobileNo = orderData.getString("orderMobileNo", "");
orderTransport = orderData.getString("orderTransport", "");
orderInvoicePer = orderData.getString("orderInvoicePer", "");
orderCharge = orderData.getString("orderCharge", "");
orderGoodsDispatch = orderData.getString("orderGoodsDispatch", "");
orderOthers = orderData.getString("orderOthers", "");
orderIsDirect = orderData.getInt("orderIsDirect", 0);
orderDateEditText.setText(orderDate);
orderByEditText.setText(orderBy);
orderMobileNoEditText.setText(orderMobileNo);
orderTransportEditText.setText(orderTransport);
orderInvoicePerEditText.setText(orderInvoicePer);
orderChargeEditText.setText(orderCharge);
orderGoodsDispatchEditText.setText(orderGoodsDispatch);
orderOthersEditText.setText(orderOthers);
if(orderIsDirect == 0)
orderIsDirectCheckBox.setChecked(false);
else
orderIsDirectCheckBox.setChecked(true);
希望这段代码对你有帮助...
谢谢...
【讨论】:
【参考方案5】:我不太确定这个问题是否仍然困扰着您,因为它已经过去了几个月。但我想分享一下我是如何处理这个问题的。 以下是源代码:
int FLAG = 0;
private View rootView;
private LinearLayout parentView;
/**
* The fragment argument representing the section number for this fragment.
*/
private static final String ARG_SECTION_NUMBER = "section_number";
/**
* Returns a new instance of this fragment for the given section number.
*/
public static Fragment2 newInstance(Bundle bundle)
Fragment2 fragment = new Fragment2();
Bundle args = bundle;
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
public Fragment2()
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
Log.e("onCreateView","onCreateView");
if(FLAG!=12321)
rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_create_new_album, container, false);
changeFLAG(12321);
parentView=new LinearLayout(getActivity());
parentView.addView(rootView);
return parentView;
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see android.support.v4.app.Fragment#onDestroy()
*/
@Override
public void onDestroy()
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
Log.e("onDestroy","onDestroy");
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see android.support.v4.app.Fragment#onStart()
*/
@Override
public void onStart()
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStart();
Log.e("onstart","onstart");
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see android.support.v4.app.Fragment#onStop()
*/
@Override
public void onStop()
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStop();
if(false)
Bundle savedInstance=getArguments();
LinearLayout viewParent;
viewParent= (LinearLayout) rootView.getParent();
viewParent.removeView(rootView);
parentView.removeView(rootView);
Log.e("onStop","onstop");
@Override
public void onPause()
super.onPause();
Log.e("onpause","onpause");
@Override
public void onResume()
super.onResume();
Log.e("onResume","onResume");
这里是 MainActivity:
/**
* Fragment managing the behaviors, interactions and presentation of the
* navigation drawer.
*/
private NavigationDrawerFragment mNavigationDrawerFragment;
/**
* Used to store the last screen title. For use in
* @link #restoreActionBar().
*/
public static boolean fragment2InstanceExists=false;
public static Fragment2 fragment2=null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mNavigationDrawerFragment = (NavigationDrawerFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()
.findFragmentById(R.id.navigation_drawer);
mTitle = getTitle();
// Set up the drawer.
mNavigationDrawerFragment.setUp(R.id.navigation_drawer,
(DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout));
@Override
public void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position)
// update the main content by replacing fragments
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction=fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
switch(position)
case 0:
fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(null);
fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.container, Fragment1.newInstance(position+1)).commit();
break;
case 1:
Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
bundle.putInt("source_of_create",CommonMethods.CREATE_FROM_ACTIVITY);
if(!fragment2InstanceExists)
fragment2=Fragment2.newInstance(bundle);
fragment2InstanceExists=true;
fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(null);
fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.container, fragment2).commit();
break;
case 2:
fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(null);
fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.container, FolderExplorerFragment.newInstance(position+1)).commit();
break;
default:
break;
parentView 是关键点。 通常,在onCreateView时,我们只使用return rootView。但是现在,我将rootView添加到parentView,然后返回parentView。为防止出现“The specified child has a parent. You must call removeView() on the ...”错误,我们需要调用“parentView.removeView(rootView)”,否则我提供的方法没有用。 我也想分享我是如何找到它的。首先,我设置了一个布尔值来指示实例是否存在。当实例存在时,rootView 不会再次膨胀。但是后来,logcat给了child已经有了parent的东西,所以我决定用另一个parent作为中间的Parent View。这就是它的工作原理。 希望对你有帮助。
【讨论】:
【参考方案6】:让我写下我处理这个问题的方法。我在 Activity 中保留了一个片段对象变量,以供以后交互。在 onCreate() 方法中,我检查是否存在 savedInstanceState(由屏幕旋转或其他原因引起)。
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
PlaceAddFragment mFragment;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
if(savedInstanceState == null)
mFragment = new PlaceAddFragment();
mFragment.setProfileImages(incomingPics);
getSupportFragmentManager()
.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.form_fragment_holder, mFragment, PlaceAddFragment.TAG)
.commit();
else
mFragment = (PlaceAddFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(PlaceAddFragment.TAG);
在我的片段类中,我重写了 onSaveInstanceState 方法,并在其中添加了 setRetainInstance(true),如下所示:
public class PlaceAddFragment extends Fragment
public static final String TAG = ".PlaceAddFragment";
private ProfileImageAdapter mAdapter;
private List<ProfileImage> mProfileImages;
private Context mContext;
public PlaceAddFragment()
// Required empty public constructor
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState)
mContext = getContext();
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_place_add, container, false);
RecyclerView mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) view.findViewById(R.id.hw_pictures_holder);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(mContext, LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL, false));
mAdapter = new ProfileImageAdapter(mContext, mProfileImages);
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
return view;
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(final Bundle outState)
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
setRetainInstance(true);
@Override
public void onDestroy()
super.onDestroy();
mAdapter = null;
mProfileImages = null;
public void setProfileImages(List<ProfileImage> incomingPics)
this.mProfileImages = incomingPics;
public List<ProfileImage> getProfileImages()
return this.mProfileImages;
如果您希望此代码正常工作,您应该实现 ProfileImageAdapter mAdapter、ProfileImage 对象和所有这些的 xml 布局。
【讨论】:
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