midi.Sequencer 的序列何时结束?

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【中文标题】midi.Sequencer 的序列何时结束?【英文标题】:When does the Sequence from midi.Sequencer ends? 【发布时间】:2020-12-06 23:55:15 【问题描述】:

拥有这个有效的简单代码(但在我用 ^-c 终止它之前永远不会结束):

import javax.sound.midi.*;

public class Foo 

    public void play(int instrument, int note) 
        try 
            Sequencer player = MidiSystem.getSequencer();
            player.open();

            Sequence seq = new Sequence(Sequence.PPQ, 4);
            Track track = seq.createTrack();

            ShortMessage first = new ShortMessage();
            first.setMessage(192, 1, instrument, 0);
            MidiEvent changeInstrument = new MidiEvent(first, 1);
            track.add(changeInstrument);

            ShortMessage a = new ShortMessage();
            a.setMessage(144, 1, note, 100);
            MidiEvent noteOn = new MidiEvent(a, 1); //fired on "tick 1"
            track.add(noteOn);

            ShortMessage b = new ShortMessage();
            b.setMessage(128, 1, note, 100);
            MidiEvent noteOff = new MidiEvent(b, 8); //fired on "tick 8"
            track.add(noteOff);

            player.setSequence(seq);
            player.start();
         catch (Exception e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    public static void main(String[] args) 
        Foo foo = new Foo();
        foo.play(0, 42); 
    

noteOn MidiEvent1 tick 上触发(MidiEvent 构造函数的第二个参数)。 noteOff MidiEvent8 tick 上触发,这意味着。应该有 7 个刻度跨度。但我永远看不到结束(程序结束)。当从 cmd 触发时,提示永远不会返回,除非我强制终止进程(使用<ctrl-c>)。这是为什么? Sequencer 何时结束,程序何时结束?

编辑: 可能是打开了 Sequencer,但没有关闭它。所以我想在最后关闭它,但它不能立即跟随player.start() 语句,否则它会立即结束。所以肯定有一些延迟。这是一个笨拙的解决方案

        ...
        player.setSequence(seq);
        player.start();
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
        player.close();

之后,提示返回。但是有更好的解决方案吗?

【问题讨论】:

【参考方案1】:

当 Sequencer#isRunning() 等于 false 时,Midi 序列完成。我认为您应该在开始另一个序列之前关闭序列器对象。将 Sequence 对象声明为类成员可以提供更多的灵活性:

// Declare Sequencer as a class member variable and initialize to null.
javax.sound.midi.Sequencer sequencer = null;

public void playMidi(String midiFilePath) 
    // Prevent a new Midi audio file is one is already playing.
    if (sequencer != null) 
        // If sequncer is running get outta here.
        if (sequencer.isRunning())  
            return; 
        
        // Otherwise close the sequencer.
        else  
            sequencer.close(); 
        
    
    // Play the Midi file in its own thread.
    Thread newThread = new Thread(() -> 
        try 
            // Obtains the default Sequencer connected to the System's default device.
            sequencer = javax.sound.midi.MidiSystem.getSequencer();

            // Opens the device, indicating that it should now acquire any
            // system resources it needs and becomes operational.
            if (sequencer.isRunning()) 
                return;
            
            sequencer.open();

            // Stream in a Midi file
            java.io.InputStream is = new java.io.BufferedInputStream(new java.io.FileInputStream(new File(midiFilePath)));

            // Sets the current sequence on which the sequencer operates.
            // The stream must point to MIDI file data.
            sequencer.setSequence(is);
            is.close();
            // Starts playback of the MIDI data in the currently loaded sequence.
            sequencer.start();
        
        catch (MidiUnavailableException | IOException | InvalidMidiDataException ex) 
            Logger.getLogger("playMidi() Method Error!").log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        
    );
    newThread.start();

【讨论】:

对不起 -1 但这确实不能回答问题。也不需要启动另一个线程,sequencer.start() 会在内部处理它。【参考方案2】:

您需要添加一个 MetaEventListener 来捕获“序列结束”事件:

  player.addMetaEventListener(metaEvent ->
        
            if (metaEvent.getType() == 47) // end of sequence
            
                player.stop();  // Not mandatory according to API doc, but better to have it

                // This is called from the Sequencer thread, NOT from the EDT
                // So we need SwingUtilities if we want to update the UI
                Runnable doRun= new Runnable()
                
                    @Override
                    public void run()
                    
                        doSomethingAfterStop();
                    
                ;
                SwingUtilities.invokeLater(doRun);
            
        );

如果您只想在序列结束时退出程序,只需在侦听器中直接调用 System.exit() 即可。

请注意,如果您在 x>0 的情况下使用 Sequencer.setLoopCount(x),则永远不会调用序列结束侦听器,您需要一个 UI 按钮(或计时器)来触发对 Sequencer.stop 的调用()。

使用 Java 定序器时有一些技巧需要了解,如果您需要示例代码,请查看我在 GitHub 上的应用程序 JJazzLab-X,尤其是 MusicController 模块中的 MusicController.java

【讨论】:

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