Android如何在每个listview列表项上添加图标并更改文本颜色、背景颜色

Posted 2023-04-13

【中文标题】Android如何在每个listview列表项上添加图标并更改文本颜色、背景颜色

【英文标题】：Android How to add icon on each listvIew list item and change the text color,Background color

【发布时间】：2015-12-10 23:39:48

【问题描述】：

我有一个带有一些列表项的导航抽屉。如何在每个列表项上添加图标并更改文本颜色、背景颜色。

这是我的代码

Java

mDrawerListView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(
                getActionBar().getThemedContext(),
                android.R.layout.simple_list_item_activated_1,
                android.R.id.text1,
                new String[]
                        getString(R.string.title_section1),
                        getString(R.string.title_section2),
                        getString(R.string.title_section3),
                ));

Xml

<ListView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_
        android:layout_
        android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
        android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
        android:dividerHeight="0dp"
        android:background="#cc0100cc"
        tools:context="com.rupomkhondaker.sonalibanklimited.NavigationDrawerFragment"
        android:id="@+id/menuList" />

NavigationDrawerFragment.java 请如何在此处导入下面的答案

package com.rupomkhondaker.sonalibanklimited;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.PreferenceManager;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;


public class NavigationDrawerFragment extends Fragment 

    /**
     * Remember the position of the selected item.
     */
    private static final String STATE_SELECTED_POSITION = "selected_navigation_drawer_position";

    /**
     * Per the design guidelines, you should show the drawer on launch until the user manually
     * expands it. This shared preference tracks this.
     */
    private static final String PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER = "navigation_drawer_learned";

    /**
     * A pointer to the current callbacks instance (the Activity).
     */
    private NavigationDrawerCallbacks mCallbacks;

    /**
     * Helper component that ties the action bar to the navigation drawer.
     */
    private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;

    private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
    private ListView mDrawerListView;
    private View mFragmentContainerView;

    private int mCurrentSelectedPosition = 0;
    private boolean mFromSavedInstanceState;
    private boolean mUserLearnedDrawer;

    public NavigationDrawerFragment() 
    

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        // Read in the flag indicating whether or not the user has demonstrated awareness of the
        // drawer. See PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER for details.
        SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(getActivity());
        mUserLearnedDrawer = sp.getBoolean(PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER, false);

        if (savedInstanceState != null) 
            mCurrentSelectedPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt(STATE_SELECTED_POSITION);
            mFromSavedInstanceState = true;
        

        // Select either the default item (0) or the last selected item.
        selectItem(mCurrentSelectedPosition);
    

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        // Indicate that this fragment would like to influence the set of actions in the action bar.
        setHasOptionsMenu(true);
    

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) 
        mDrawerListView = (ListView) inflater.inflate(
                R.layout.fragment_navigation_drawer, container, false);
        mDrawerListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() 
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) 
                selectItem(position);
            
        );


      mDrawerListView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActionBar().getThemedContext(), android.R.layout.simple_list_item_activated_1,
              android.R.id.text1, new String[]

              getString(R.string.menu_HOME),
              getString(R.string.menu_PhoneBook),
              getString(R.string.menu_About),
              getString(R.string.menu_Services),
              getString(R.string.menu_Remittance),
              getString(R.string.menu_Branch),
              getString(R.string.menu_Islam),
              getString(R.string.menu_Misc),
              getString(R.string.menu_Career),
              getString(R.string.menu_Devinfo),
      

      ));
                mDrawerListView.setItemChecked(mCurrentSelectedPosition, true);
        return mDrawerListView;
    

    public boolean isDrawerOpen() 
        return mDrawerLayout != null && mDrawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(mFragmentContainerView);
    

    /**
     * Users of this fragment must call this method to set up the navigation drawer interactions.
     *
     * @param fragmentId   The android:id of this fragment in its activity's layout.
     * @param drawerLayout The DrawerLayout containing this fragment's UI.
     */
    public void setUp(int fragmentId, DrawerLayout drawerLayout) 
        mFragmentContainerView = getActivity().findViewById(fragmentId);
        mDrawerLayout = drawerLayout;

        // set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer opens
        mDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.drawer_shadow, GravityCompat.START);
        // set up the drawer's list view with items and click listener

        ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
        actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
        actionBar.setHomeButtonEnabled(true);

        // ActionBarDrawerToggle ties together the the proper interactions
        // between the navigation drawer and the action bar app icon.
        mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
                getActivity(),                    /* host Activity */
                mDrawerLayout,                    /* DrawerLayout object */
                R.drawable.ic_drawer,             /* nav drawer image to replace 'Up' caret */
                R.string.navigation_drawer_open,  /* "open drawer" description for accessibility */
                R.string.navigation_drawer_close  /* "close drawer" description for accessibility */
        ) 
            @Override
            public void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView) 
                super.onDrawerClosed(drawerView);
                if (!isAdded()) 
                    return;
                

                getActivity().supportInvalidateOptionsMenu(); // calls onPrepareOptionsMenu()
            

            @Override
            public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) 
                super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView);
                if (!isAdded()) 
                    return;
                

                if (!mUserLearnedDrawer) 
                    // The user manually opened the drawer; store this flag to prevent auto-showing
                    // the navigation drawer automatically in the future.
                    mUserLearnedDrawer = true;
                    SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager
                            .getDefaultSharedPreferences(getActivity());
                    sp.edit().putBoolean(PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER, true).apply();
                

                getActivity().supportInvalidateOptionsMenu(); // calls onPrepareOptionsMenu()
            
        ;

        // If the user hasn't 'learned' about the drawer, open it to introduce them to the drawer,
        // per the navigation drawer design guidelines.
        if (!mUserLearnedDrawer && !mFromSavedInstanceState) 
            mDrawerLayout.openDrawer(mFragmentContainerView);
        

        // Defer code dependent on restoration of previous instance state.
        mDrawerLayout.post(new Runnable() 
            @Override
            public void run() 
                mDrawerToggle.syncState();
            
        );

        mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
    

    private void selectItem(int position) 
        mCurrentSelectedPosition = position;
        if (mDrawerListView != null) 
            mDrawerListView.setItemChecked(position, true);
        
        if (mDrawerLayout != null) 
            mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mFragmentContainerView);
        
        if (mCallbacks != null) 
            mCallbacks.onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(position);
        
    

    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) 
        super.onAttach(activity);
        try 
            mCallbacks = (NavigationDrawerCallbacks) activity;
         catch (ClassCastException e) 
            throw new ClassCastException("Activity must implement NavigationDrawerCallbacks.");
        
    

    @Override
    public void onDetach() 
        super.onDetach();
        mCallbacks = null;
    

    @Override
    public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) 
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
        outState.putInt(STATE_SELECTED_POSITION, mCurrentSelectedPosition);
    

    @Override
    public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) 
        super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
        // Forward the new configuration the drawer toggle component.
        mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
    

    @Override
    public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) 
        // If the drawer is open, show the global app actions in the action bar. See also
        // showGlobalContextActionBar, which controls the top-left area of the action bar.
        if (mDrawerLayout != null && isDrawerOpen()) 
            inflater.inflate(R.menu.global, menu);
            showGlobalContextActionBar();
        
        super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
    

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) 
        if (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) 
            return true;
        

        if (item.getItemId() == R.id.action_example) 
            Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Example action.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return true;
        

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    

    /**
     * Per the navigation drawer design guidelines, updates the action bar to show the global app
     * 'context', rather than just what's in the current screen.
     */
    private void showGlobalContextActionBar() 
        ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
        actionBar.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(true);
        actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_STANDARD);
        actionBar.setTitle(R.string.app_name);
    

    private ActionBar getActionBar() 
        return ((AppCompatActivity) getActivity()).getSupportActionBar();
    

    /**
     * Callbacks interface that all activities using this fragment must implement.
     */
    public static interface NavigationDrawerCallbacks 
        /**
         * Called when an item in the navigation drawer is selected.
         */
        void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position);
    

【问题讨论】：

如果要更改列表项的布局，您需要创建一个自定义适配器。这可能会帮助你***.com/questions/8166497/…

【参考方案1】：

为此，您需要创建一个自定义适配器。您可以在下面的链接中找到自定义适配器的实现，

http://www.androidhive.info/2012/02/android-custom-listview-with-image-and-text/

上面包含一个很好的自定义适配器教程，用于添加图标、更改每个列表行上的文本颜色和背景......！

这里也是自定义适配器的一个很好的教程，

http://androidexample.com/How_To_Create_A_Custom_Listview_-_Android_Example/index.php?view=article_discription&aid=67&aaid=92

这是一个例子，

你的activity的xml应该是这样的activity_main.xml，

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_
        android:layout_
        tools:context="com.rupomkhondaker.sonalibanklimited.NavigationDrawerFragment" />
<ListView 
        android:layout_
        android:layout_
        android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
        android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
        android:dividerHeight="0dp"
        android:background="#cc0100cc"
        android:id="@+id/menuList" />
</RelativeLayout>

您的活动课程： 公共类 MainActivity 扩展 Activity

private ListView listView1;

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    String[] textString = "Item1", "Item2", "Item3", "Item4";
    int[] drawableIds = R.drawable.img_id_row1, R.drawable.img_id_row2, R.drawable.img_id_row3, R.drawable.img_id_row4;

    CustomAdapter adapter = new CustomAdapter(this,  textString, drawableIds);


    listView1 = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.menuList);
    listView1.setAdapter(adapter);

为每一行创建另一个布局，如下所示，并将其命名为 row.xml，

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout 
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal" 
    android:layout_
    android:layout_
    android:padding="10dp">

     <ImageView android:id="@+id/imgIcon"
        android:layout_
        android:layout_
        android:gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_marginRight="15dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="5dp" />

     <TextView android:id="@+id/txtTitle"
        android:layout_
        android:layout_
        android:gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:textSize="22dp"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="5dp" />

</LinearLayout>

现在，创建一个 JAVA 类并将其命名为 CustomAdapter.java：

public class CustomAdapter extends BaseAdapter 

        private Context mContext;
        private String[]  Title;
        private int[] imge;

        public CustomAdapter(Context context, String[] text1,int[] imageIds) 
            mContext = context;
            Title = text1;
            imge = imageIds;

        

        public int getCount() 
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return Title.length;
        

        public Object getItem(int arg0) 
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return null;
        

        public long getItemId(int position) 
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return position;
        

        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) 

            LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();
            View row;
            row = inflater.inflate(R.layout.row, parent, false);
            TextView title;
            ImageView i1;
            i1 = (ImageView) row.findViewById(R.id.imgIcon);
            title = (TextView) row.findViewById(R.id.txtTitle);
            title.setText(Title[position]);
            i1.setImageResource(imge[position]);

            return (row);
        
    

【讨论】：

适配器有什么问题可以告诉我

如果可以的话，请给我看一个上面代码的例子会很棒。兄弟，我是这个领域的新手。

@Rupom Khondaker，我更新了我的答案，现在上面是 listview 适配器的完整实现